Iron deficiency （ID）, with or without anemia, is often caused by digestive diseases and should always be investigated, except in very specific situations, as its causes could be serious diseases, such as cancer. Dia...Iron deficiency （ID）, with or without anemia, is often caused by digestive diseases and should always be investigated, except in very specific situations, as its causes could be serious diseases, such as cancer. Diagnosis of ID is not always easy. Low serum levels of ferritin or transferrin saturation, imply a situation of absolute or functional ID. It is sometimes difficult to differentiate ID anemia from anemia of chronic diseases, which can coexist. In this case, other parameters, such as soluble transferrin receptor activity can be very useful. After an initial evaluation by clinical history, urine analysis, and serological tests for celiac disease, gastroscopy and colonoscopy are the key diagnostic tools for investigating the origin of ID, and will detect the most important and prevalent diseases. If both tests are normal and anemia is not severe, treatment with oral iron can be indicated, along with stopping any treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In the absence of response to oral iron, or if the anemia is severe or clinical suspicion of important disease persists, we must insist on diagnostic evaluation. Repeat endoscopic studies should be considered in many cases and if both still show normal results, investigating the small bowel must be considered. The main techniques in this case are capsule endoscopy, followed by展开更多
Objective To study whether HCV RNA load is related to the antibodies against regional spe-cific proteins of HCV. Methods 69 serum samples were detected for HCV RNA load by Real time fluorescent PCR. Anti-HCV and the a...Objective To study whether HCV RNA load is related to the antibodies against regional spe-cific proteins of HCV. Methods 69 serum samples were detected for HCV RNA load by Real time fluorescent PCR. Anti-HCV and the antibodies against regional specific proteins of HCV were detected by ELISA. Results The positive rates of anti-C and anti-NS3 were remarkably higher than those of anti-NS4 and anti-NS5. We divided the serum samples into two groups on the basis of load of HCV RNA, there was no statistical significance between A and B group in the positive rate as well as the antibody reactivity of HCV anti-C, anti-NS3, anti-NS4 and anti-NS5. From the distribution of different combined patterns, we could conclude that the pattern IV was superior to others in both of the two groups. Conclusion There are remarkable differences in different antibodies against the regional specific proteins of HCV. The positive rates and the antibody reactivity of anti-C, anti-NS3, anti-NS4, anti-NS5 are not related to the HCV viral load. The EfA-3 which conclude C, NS3, NS4, NS5 proteins could enhance the sensitivity of detection HCV.展开更多
文摘Iron deficiency （ID）, with or without anemia, is often caused by digestive diseases and should always be investigated, except in very specific situations, as its causes could be serious diseases, such as cancer. Diagnosis of ID is not always easy. Low serum levels of ferritin or transferrin saturation, imply a situation of absolute or functional ID. It is sometimes difficult to differentiate ID anemia from anemia of chronic diseases, which can coexist. In this case, other parameters, such as soluble transferrin receptor activity can be very useful. After an initial evaluation by clinical history, urine analysis, and serological tests for celiac disease, gastroscopy and colonoscopy are the key diagnostic tools for investigating the origin of ID, and will detect the most important and prevalent diseases. If both tests are normal and anemia is not severe, treatment with oral iron can be indicated, along with stopping any treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In the absence of response to oral iron, or if the anemia is severe or clinical suspicion of important disease persists, we must insist on diagnostic evaluation. Repeat endoscopic studies should be considered in many cases and if both still show normal results, investigating the small bowel must be considered. The main techniques in this case are capsule endoscopy, followed by
文摘Objective To study whether HCV RNA load is related to the antibodies against regional spe-cific proteins of HCV. Methods 69 serum samples were detected for HCV RNA load by Real time fluorescent PCR. Anti-HCV and the antibodies against regional specific proteins of HCV were detected by ELISA. Results The positive rates of anti-C and anti-NS3 were remarkably higher than those of anti-NS4 and anti-NS5. We divided the serum samples into two groups on the basis of load of HCV RNA, there was no statistical significance between A and B group in the positive rate as well as the antibody reactivity of HCV anti-C, anti-NS3, anti-NS4 and anti-NS5. From the distribution of different combined patterns, we could conclude that the pattern IV was superior to others in both of the two groups. Conclusion There are remarkable differences in different antibodies against the regional specific proteins of HCV. The positive rates and the antibody reactivity of anti-C, anti-NS3, anti-NS4, anti-NS5 are not related to the HCV viral load. The EfA-3 which conclude C, NS3, NS4, NS5 proteins could enhance the sensitivity of detection HCV.
