核酸扩增技术在血清HIV、HBV、HCV检测中的应用

目的分析核酸扩增技术在血清病学标志物人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、乙肝病毒(HBV)、丙肝病毒(HCV)检测中的应用效果。方法选取2019年1月至2020年12月梅州市中心血站采集的36422名无偿献血者的血液样本,每位献血者均留取两管血液样本,其中一管采用核酸扩增技术检测,另一管采用酶联免疫法,对比两种方法的检测结果,分析其检测符合率。结果经酶联免疫法检测HBV、HCV、HIV阳性率分别为0.33%、0.005%、0.005%,核酸扩增检测HBV、HCV、HIV阳性率分别为0.35%、0.014%、0.011%,两种检测方法比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);36422份血液样本经二次重复检查汇集池数量6071个,其中30个汇集池存在反应,后将其拆分单个检测样本,16个汇集池样本拆分17个阳性样本,拆分率为0.047%;17个阳性样本经再次鉴定,HBV、HCV、HIV反应阳性样本数分别为15个、1个、1个。结论核酸扩增技术在血清病学标志物HIV、HBV、HCV检测中有显著效果,符合率与酶联免疫法相当。

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C markers among refugees in Athens

AIM: To assess the prevalence of hepatitis B and C serological markers in a population of refugees living in Athens.METHODS: One hundred and thirty refugees (81 males and 49 females, mean age ±SD: 31.7±8 years) were included in the study. The hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg),the hepatitis B virus core antibody (anti-HBc) and the hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) were detected using a third-generation immunoassay.RESULTS: Twenty individuals (15.4%) were HBsAg positive and 69 (53.1%) were anti-HBc positive. The prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBc was higher among refugees from Albania and Asia (statistical significant difference, P＜0.008 and P＜0.001 respectively). The prevalence of these markers was found irrelevant to age or sex. Anti-HCV was detected in the serum of 3 individuals (2.3 %). No differences among age, sex or ethnicity regarding anti-HCV prevalence were found.CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that refugees living in Athens are an immigrant population characterized by a high incidence of HBV infection. The prevalence of HBV markers is higher among refugees from Albania and Asia. It is therefore believed that the adherence to general precautions and the initiation of HBV vaccination programs will be necessary in the future, especially in these communities.Although the prevalence of HCV infection seems to be relatively low, extended epidemiological surveys are needed to provide valid results.