补肾泄浊法治疗颈动脉粥样硬化45例

目的观察补肾泄浊法治疗动脉粥样硬化的疗效。方法对45例颈动脉粥样硬化病人,给予血脉通颗粒,每次2包,每日3次,共服用6个月,观察治疗前后临床症状、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)等变化。结果临床症状得到不同程度的改变,斑块缩小,消失或部分变为红斑块。结论血脉通颗粒通过补肾泄浊作用起到调节血脂抗氧化砬少血浆平滑肌细胞减弱的作用,从而发挥其抗动脉粥样硬化的作用且安全性好。

观察健脾祛脂汤对高脂血症(痰浊阻遏证)患者血管内皮功能的影响

目的:观察健脾祛脂汤对高脂血症(痰浊阻遏证)患者血脂及血管内皮功能的影响。方法:56例高脂血症(痰浊阻遏证)患者随机分为健脾祛脂汤治疗组,普伐他汀治疗组,健脾祛脂汤加普伐他汀治疗组。观测治疗前及治疗8周后患者血脂、ET-1和NO的变化。结果:各治疗组TC、TG、LDL-C、ET-1明显下降,而HDL-C和NO明显升高,其中TG、ET-1和NO的作用以及临床症状的改善方面中西药组优于单用中药组和西药组。结论:健脾祛脂汤能够有效减轻高脂血症痰浊阻遏证患者临床症状,改善血管内皮功能障碍;中西结合组能明显改善临床症状、降脂、改善内皮功能障碍,其作用优于中药组和西药组。

枳实薤白桂枝汤合理中汤加减辅助治疗稳定型心绞痛及对炎症因子和血管内皮功能的影响

目的:观察枳实薤白桂枝汤合理中汤加减治疗稳定型心绞痛(SAP)阴寒凝滞证的疗效及对炎症因子和血管内皮功能的影响。方法:将138例患者随机按数字表法分为对照组和观察组各69例;对照组研究期间脱落、失访3例,剔除3例,完成63例;观察组脱落、失访3例,剔除1例,完成65例。两组患者基础治疗,口服酒石酸美托洛尔片,50 mg/次,2次/d;和阿司匹林肠溶片,100 mg/次,1次/d;和盐酸曲美他嗪片,1片/次,3次/d;心绞痛发作时,舌下含服硝酸甘油片,0.25~0.5 mg,每5 min可重复l次,直到心绞痛缓解;并给予控制血糖、血脂和血压处理措施。对照组采用冠心苏合丸,嚼碎服,1丸/次,2次/d。观察组采用枳实薤白桂枝汤合理中汤加减,1剂/d。两组疗程均为12周。记录治疗前1周和治疗后1周的心绞痛发作次数、每次发作的持续时间和硝酸甘油用量;评价治疗前后心电图;进行治疗前后西雅图心绞痛量表(SAQ)和阴寒凝滞证评分;检测治疗前后超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP),血清磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),同型半胱氨酸(Hcy),D-二聚体(D-D),白细胞介素-6(IL-6),一氧化氮(NO)和内皮素-1(ET-1)水平。结果:治疗后观察组心绞痛发作次数和硝酸甘油用量少于对照组(P<0.01),心绞痛发作持续时间短于对照组(P<0.01);观察组阴寒凝滞证评分低于对照组(P<0.01),SAQ评分高于对照组(P<0.01);观察组Lp-PLA2,D-D和Hcy水平均低于对照组(P<0.01);IL-6,hs-CRP和TNF-α均低于对照组(P<0.01);观察组NO水平高于对照组(P<0.01),ET-1水平低于对照组(P<0.01);观察组心电图疗效优于对照组(Z=2.043,P<0.05);观察组疾病疗效优于对照组(Z=2.003,P<0.05)。结论:在西医综合治疗的基础上,采用枳实薤白桂枝汤合理中汤加减治疗SAP阴寒凝滞证患者,可进一步减轻症状,减少缺血发作,提高生活质量,并具有抗炎、改善血管内皮功能和稳定斑块作用,有着较好的临床效果和心电图疗效。

Associations of big endothelin-1 and C-reactive protein in atrial fibrillation

Background Atrial fibrillation （AF） is associated with inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. However, the association between inflammation （as indexed by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hs-CRP） and endothelial function [as indexed by big endothelin-1 （ET-1）] in AF patients remains unclear. Methods We enrolled 128 patients with lone AF, among which 83 had paroxysmal AF, and 45 had persistent AF. Eighty-two age- and gender-matched controls of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia without AF history were evaluated. Plasma hs-CRP, big ET-1 levels and other clinical characteristics were compared among the groups. Results Patients with persistent AF had higher hs-CRP concentrations than those with paroxysmal AF （P 〈 0.05）, both groups had higher hs-CRP level than controls （P 〈 0.05）. Patients with persistent AF had higher big ET-1 level than those with paroxysmal AF, although the difference did not reach the statistical significance （P 〉 0.05）, and both groups had higher big ET-1 levels than controls （P 〈 0.05）. Multiple regression analyses revealed hs-CRP as an inde- pendent determinant of AF （P 〈 0.001）. Further adjusted for big ET-1, both big ET-1 and hs-CRP were independent predictors for AF （P 〈 0.001）, but the odds ratio for hs-CRP in predicting AF attenuated from 8.043 to 3.241. There was a positive relation between hs-CRP level and big ET-1 level in paroxysmal AF patients （r = 0.563, P 〈 0.05）, however, the relationship in persistent AF patients was poor （r = 0.094, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions Both plasma hs-CRP and big ET-1 levels are elevated in lone AF patients, and are associated with AF. In paroxysmal lone AF patients, there were significant positive correlations between plasma hs-CRP level and big ET- 1 level.

Androgen actions on endothelium functions and cardiovascular diseases

The roles of androgens on cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology are controversial as both beneficial and detrimental effects have been reported. Although the reasons for this discrepancy are unclear, multiple factors such as genetic and epigenetic variation, sex-specificity, hormone interactions, drug preparation and route of administration may contribute. Recently, growing evidence suggests that androgens exhibit beneficial effects on cardiovascular function though the mechanism remains to be elucidated. Endothelial cells （ECs） which line the interior surface of blood vessels are distributed throughout the circulatory system, and play a crucial role in cardiovascular function. Endothelial progenitor cells （EPCs） are considered an indispensable element for the reconstitution and maintenance of an intact endothelial layer. Endothelial dysfunction is regarded as an initiating step in development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. The modulation of endothelial functions by androgens through either genornic or nongenomic signal pathways is one possible mechanism by which androgens act on the cardiovascular system. Obtaining insight into the mechanisms by which androgens affect EC and EPC functions will allow us to determine whether androgens possess beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. This in turn may be critical in the prevention and therapy of cardiovascular diseases. This article seeks to review recent progress in androgen regulation of endothelial function, the sex-specificity of androgen actions, and its clinical applications in the cardiovascular system.

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis:Few additional points

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis （SBP） is a treatable complication of decompensated cirrhosis. Coagulopathy with evidence of hyperfibrinolysis or clinically evident disseminated intravascular coagulation precludes paracentesis. Alcoholic hepatitis with fever, leucocytosis and abdominal pain should be evaluated for SBP. Oral ofloxacin is as effective as parenteral cefotaxime in treatment of SBP except for inpatients with vomiting, encephalopathy, or renal failure. Albumin is superior to hydroxyethyl starch in treatment of SBR

Recombinant vascular basement-membrane-derived multifunctional peptide inhibits angiogenesis and growth of hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM： To investigate the anti-angiogenic and antitumor activities of recombinant vascular basement membrane-derived multifunctional peptide （rVBMDMP） in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. METHODS： HepG2, Bel-7402, Hep-3B, HUVE-12 and L-02 cell lines were cultured in vitro and the inhibitory effect of rVBMDMP on proliferation of cells was detected by MTT assay. The in vivo antitumor efficacy of rVBMDMP on HCC was assessed by HepG2 xenografts in nude mice. Distribution of rVBMDMP, mechanism by which the growth of HepG2 xenografts is inhibited, and microvessel area were observed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） and CD31 immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： MTT assay showed that rVBMDMP markedly inhibited the proliferation of human HCC （HepG2, Bel-7402, Hep-3B） cells and human umbilical vein endothelial （HUVE-12） cells in a dose-dependent manner, with little effect on the growth of L-02 cells. When the ICs0 was 4.68, 7.65, 8.96, 11.65 and 64.82 μmol/L, respectively, the potency of rVBMDMP to HepG2 cells was similar to 5-fluorouracil （5-FU） with an IC50 of 4.59 μmol/L. The selective index of cytotoxicity to HepG2 cells of rVBMDMP was 13.8 （64.82/4.68）, which was higher than that of 5-FU [SI was 1.9 （8.94/4.59）]. The VEGF-targeted recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody bevacizumab （100 mg/L） did not affect the proliferation of HepG2, Bel-7402, Hep-3B and L-02 cells, but the growth inhibitory rate of bevacizumab （100 mg/L） to HUVE-12 cells was 87.6% ± 8.2%. AIternis diebus intraperitoneal injection of rVBMDMP suppressed the growth of HepG2 xenografts in a dose-dependent manner, rVBMDMP （1, 3, 10 mg/kg） decreased the tumor weight by 12.6%, 55.9% and 79.7%, respectively, compared with the vehicle control. Immunohistochemical staining of rVBMDMP showed that the positive area rates （2.2% ± 0.73%, 4.5%± 1.3% and 11.5% ±3.8%） in rVBMDMP treated group （1, 3, 10 mg/kg） were significantly higher than that （0.13% ± 0.04%） in the control group （P 〈 0.01）. The positive area rates （19.0% ± 5.7%, 12.2% ± 3.5% and 5.2% ±1.6% ） of PCNA in rVBMDMP treated group （1, 3, 10 mg/kg） were significantly lower than that （29.5% ± 9.4%） in the control group （P 〈 0.05）. rVBMDMP at doses of 1, 3 and 10 mg/kg significantly reduced the tumor microvessel area levels （0.26%± 0.07%, 0.12% ± 0.03% and 0.05% ± 0.01% vs 0.45% ± 0.15%） in HepG2 xenografts （P 〈 0.01）, as assessed by CD31 staining. CONCLUSION： rVBMDMP has effective and unique anti-tumor properties, and is a promising candidate for the development of anti-tumor drugs.

Hypertension in the elderly： insights from recent research

Hypertension is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity around the world and,prevalence of hypertension is increasing with aging.Hypertension in the elderly is associated with increased occurrence rates of sodium sensitivity,isolated systolic hypertension,and ＇white coat effect＇.Arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction also increase with age.These factors should be considered in selecting antihypertensive therapy.The prime objective of this therapy is to prevent stroke.The fmdings of controlled trials show that there should be no cut-off age for treatment.A holistic program for controlling cardiovascular risks should be fully discussed with the patient,including evaluation to exclude underlying causes of secondary hypertension,and implementation of lifestyle measures.The choice of antihypertensive drug therapy is influenced by concomitant disease and previous medication history,but will typically include a thiazide diuretic as the first-line agent;to this will be added an angiotensin inhibitor and/or a calcium channel blocker.Beta blockers are not generally recommended,in part because they do not combat the effects of increased arterial stiffness.The hypertension-hypoten-sion syndrome requires case-specific management.Drug-resistant hypertension is important to differentiate from faulty compliance with medication.Patients resistant to the third-line drug therapy may benefit from treatment with extended-release isosorbide mononitrate.A trial of spironolactone may also be worthwhile.

Effects of Obstructive Sleep Apneas on Endothelial Function and Autonomic Modulation in Adult Man

Objective To study the effects of obstructive sleep apneas on endothelial function and autonomic modulation. Methods From June 2009 to June 2011, male patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) were consecutively enrolled in this study. Patients with an apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) of greater than 15 and without previous treatment for OSAHS were included as Group OSAHS and obese subjects with an AHI of less than 5 were included as non-OSAHS controls (Group Control). Electrocardiography and beat-to-beat blood pressure were continuously recorded from the radial artery by applanation tonometry which was synchronized with polysomnography recording. Endothelial function was measured by arterial augmentation index (AAI). Spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure variability (BPV) were computed for cardiac parasympathetic modulation (high frequency power, HF); sympathetic modulation (low frequency power, LF), sympathovagal balance (LF/HF power of R-R variability, LF/HF) and BPV sympathetic modulation (BPV LF) in normalized units [total power of the components/(total power-very LF power)×100]. Results Finally, 27 moderate-severe OSAHS patients and 22 non-OSAHS obese controls were recruited in the Group OSAHS and Group Control, respectively. In Group OSAHS, the age was 43.3±9.3 year-old, body mass index (BMI) was 36.8±8.7 kg/m 2 ; in Group Control, the age was 42.9±8.6 year-old, BMI was 34.4±7.9 kg/m 2 ; there were no significant differences in age and BMI between the Group OSAHS and Group Control (all P>0.05). The baseline AAI (12.5%±2.2% vs. 8.2%±2.1%) and BPV LF (68.3%±13.5% vs. 61.1%±11.7%) of the Group OSAHS were significantly higher than those of the Group Control (all P<0.05). And after overnight sleep, systolic BP (143.7±14.2 vs. 132.8±13.3 mm Hg), diastolic BP (87.7±7.7 vs. 78.6±5.5 mm Hg), HRV LF (69.7%±14.4% vs. 64.3%±12.1%), HRV LF/HF (3.7±2.0 vs. 2.3±1.3) and BPV LF (77.8%±15.6% vs. 68.3%±13.5%) of the Group OSAHS were significantly increased (all P<0.001), while HRV HF was significantly decreased (21.1%±9.3% vs. 27.5%±10.3%, P<0.05) from baseline.Conclusions The baseline endothelial function and autonomic modulation are impaired in OSAHS patients, which happened prior to hypertension and other cardiovascular complications. And the load effects of overnight obstructive breathing events could induce blood pressure and sympathetic activity increasing in the morning in OSAHS patients without acute aggravation in endothelial dysfunction.

THE LONG TERM EFFECT OF CAPTOPRIL TREATMENT ON ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS

The aim of this study is to elucidate the long term effect Of captopril treatment on the endothelial func-tion to release nitric Oxide (NO) in spontaneOusly hypertensive rats (SHR). The properties of endotheliumwere determined with a model of hindquarter perfusion in response to al adrenergic agonist, phenylephrine,at the age of 40 weeks of SHR which was administrated with captopril (100 mg/kg/day) from lntrauterineand withdrawn at 16 weeks of age. Furthermore, in the presence of N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(LNAME), or L-arginine, the responses to phenylephrine were studied. From the curve of perfusion pres-sure, the minimal, maximal perfusiOn pressure (PPmin,PPmax) and the maximal slOpe (slope),as well asthe 5O% of effective concentratiOn (EC,,) were obtained. The data show that in captopril treated SHR,PPmin, PPmax and slope were markedly lower, but EC50 higher than those of untreated SHR. The curveinduced by phenylephrine was significantly right shift compared with that of untreated SHR. Like WKY,the intensive reactivity to phenylephrine in the presence of LNAME was much lower than that of untreatedSHR. ln the presence of L-arginine, however, the right shift of curves was seen only in captopril treatedSHR and WKY rats, but not in control SHR. In conclusipn, endothelium does involve in the respnse ofresistant vessel to phenylephrine. The mechanism of enhanced reactivity In untreated SHR may be, at leastin part, due to the diminished capacity of producing No frpm endpthelium, and the effect pf sustained hy-potension of early captopril treatment might be relevant to the improved ability of endOthelium.

Effect of Liandouqingmai Recipe on life quality and vascular endothelial injury in patients with coronary heart disease

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of Liandouqingmai Recipe on life quality and vascular endothelial injury in patients with coronary heart disease.METHODS:Capitalized 101 patients with coronary heart disease were randomly divided into a treatment group(n=45) treated with Liandouqingmai Recipe and a standard treatment group(control group,n=56).A normal group of 16 healthy persons was additionally set up.Changes in ET-1 and NO levels were measured and Seatle Angina Questionnaire(SAQ) was adopted in studying life quality before and after treatment for two weeks.The data were analyzed with SPSS 16.0 statistic software.RESULTS:The average level of ET-1 in the normal group was lower and NO higher than that of patients with coronary heart disease.There was no significant difference in the average level of ET-1 and NO and in the scores of SAQ [physical limitation(PL),pngina stability(AS),apngina frequency(AF),treatment satisfaction(TS) and disease perception(DP)] between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).But after treatment,the scores of SAQ(PL,AS,AF,TS,DP) and NO level were higher than those in the control group,and ET-1 average level in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group.The negative relations between PL and ET-1 and between AF and ET-1 were found in this study.CONCLUSION:Liandouqingmai Recipe can raise scores of SAQ and NO level and decline ET level in patients with coronary heart disease on the basis of convertional standard treatment,thus improving vascular endothelial function and life quality.Life quality is related to vascular endothelial function.

Effects of Liandou Qingmai Recipe(连豆清脉方) on Endothelin-1,Nitric Oxide,Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-10 Levels in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

Objective:To observe effects of Liandou Qingmai Recipe(连豆清脉方) on endothelin-1(ET-1),nitric oxide(NO),interleukin-6(IL-6) and IL-10 levels in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods:Total 101 cases with coronary heart disease were randomly divided into a treatment group(n=45) treated by Liandou Qingmai Recipe and a standard treatment group(control group,n=56),with a normal group of 16 health persons set up.Changes of ET-1,NO,IL-6 and IL-10 levels were measured before treatment and after treatment for two weeks.And the data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 statistic software.Results:Before treatment,the levels of ET-1,IL-6 and IL-10 levels were significantly higher and NO was significantly lower in the patients with coronary heart disease than those in the normal group(90.7±12.7 ng/L vs 41.8±13.5 ng/L,9.17±0.18 ng/L vs 1.10±0.08 ng/L,1.94±0.26 ng/L vs 1.09±0.06 ng/L,and 92.2±17.7 μmol/L vs 124.5±27.2 μmol/L;all P<0.05),with no significant differences in the levels of ET-1,NO,IL-6 and IL-10 between the treatment group and the control group(P>0.05);After treatment,ET-1 and IL-6 significantly decreased in the treatment group and the control group,and NO increased in the treatment group;And IL-6 level was significantly lower and NO level was higher in the treatment group than those in the control group(4.48±1.22 ng/L vs 5.13±1.85 ng/L,117.4±22.3 μmol/L vs 92.4±17.1 μmol/L;both P<0.05);There was a positive correlation between IL-6 and IL-10,and a negative correlation between NO and IL-10(r=0.142,r=-0.152;both P<0.05).Conclusion:Liandou Qingmai Recipe can decline IL-6,IL-10 and ET-1 levels,and raise NO level in patients with coronary heart disease on the basis of standard treatment,so as to inhibit endothelial inflammatory response,improve vascular endothelial function,with stronger anti-AS action;And vascular endothelial lesion is related with inflammatory response.

Retrospective study on the endovascular embolization for traumatic carotid cavernous fistula

Objective： To retrospectively analyze 95 cases of traumatic carotid cavernous fistula treated by endovascular embolization. Methods： From January 1994 to December 2008, 95 patients with traumatic carotid cavernous fistula were treated in our hospital. All patients received selective cerebral angiography through femoral artery catheterization. Accordingly, 89 cases were treated by detachable balloon embolization, 5 by platinum microcoils and 1 by coveredstem, respectively. Results： In the study, 61 cases achieved successful balloon embolization at the first time. Fifty-six cases had multiple balloons due to the big fistula. Nine cases received balloon embolization twice. But among the 5 patients treated with platinum microcoils, one developed slight brainstem ischemia. After operation the patient had herniparesis and swallow difficulty, but gradually recovered 3 months later. No neurological deficits were observed in other cases. All the cases recovered. Eighty-five cases were followed up for 1-15 years and no recurrence was found. Conclusions： The endovascular embolization for traumatic carotid cavernous fistula is minimally invasive, safe, effective and reliable. The detachable balloon embolization is the first choice in the treatment of TCCF.

Influence of moxibustion temperatures on blood lipids, endothelin-1, and nitric oxide in hyperlipidemia patients

OBJECTIVE： To observe the influence of moxibustion temperature on blood lipids, endothelin-1（ET-1）, nitric oxide（NO）, and ET-1/NO in hyperlipidemia patients. METHODS： Forty-two primary hyperlipidemia patients were randomly divided into two groups of 21 and treated with moxibustion at different temperatures. Moxibustion was performed with the moxa roll 2.5-3.0 cm from the skin in the treatment group and 4 cm in the control group, 10 min per point, once every other day. Skin temperature was precisely measured with a thermometer during moxibustion. After a 12-week treatment, seven measurements of blood lipids, ET-1, and NO were recorded. RESULTS： Total cholesterol and triglyceride, were lower in the treatment group than in the control group（P0.05）. Serum ET-1 and ET-1/NO was obvi-ously lowered in the treatment group（P0.001）. Moxibustion regulated NO and ET-1/NO in the treatment group much better than in the control group. CONCLUSION： Moxibustion can regulate blood lipids and clear blood vessels. Moxibustion at 45℃has a better effect than moxibustion at 38℃ on regulating blood lipids and protecting vascular endothelial function, indicating that suitable temperature influences the curative effect of moxibustion.

The effect of cigarette smoke extract on thrombomodulinthrombin binding: an atomic force microscopy study

Cigarette smoking is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Smoking can cause vascular endothelial dysfunction and consequently trigger haemostatic activation and thrombosis. However, the mechanism of how smoking promotes thrombosis is not fully understood. Thrombosis is associated with the imbalance of the coagulant system due to endothelial dysfunction. As a vital anticoagulation cofactor, thrombomodulin (TM) located on the endothelial cell surface is able to regulate intravascular coagulation by binding to thrombin, and the binding results in thrombosis inhibition. This work focused on the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on TM-thrombin binding by atomic force microscopy (AFM) based single-molecule force spectroscopy. The results from both in vitro and live-cell experiments indicated that CSE could notably reduce the binding probability of TM and thrombin. This study provided a new approach and new evidence for studying the mechanism of thrombosis triggered by cigarette smoking.

Post-transcriptional gene regulation by RNA-binding proteins in vascular endothelial dysfunction

Endothelial cell dysfunction is a term which implies the dysregulation of normal endothelial cell functions,including impairment of the barrier functions,control of vascular tone,disturbance of proliferative and migratory capacity of endothelial cells,as well as control of leukocyte trafficking.Endothelial dysfunction is an early step in vascular inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis,diabetic vascular complications,sepsis-induced or severe virus infection-induced organ injuries.The expressions of inflammatory cytokines and vascular adhesion molecules induced by various stimuli,such as modified lipids,smoking,advanced glycation end products and bacteria toxin,significantly contribute to the development of endothelial dysfunction.The transcriptional regulation of inflammatory cytokines and vascular adhesion molecules has been well-studied.However,the regulation of those gene expressions at post-transcriptional level is emerging.RNA-binding proteins have emerged as critical regulators of gene expression acting predominantly at the post-transcriptional level in microRNA-dependent or independent manners.This review summarizes the latest insights into the roles of RNA-binding proteins in controlling vascular endothelial cell functions and their contribution to the pathogenesis of vascular inflammatory diseases.

Barrier stabilizing mediators in regulation of microvascular endothelial permeability

Increase of microvascular permeability is one of the most important pathological events in the pathogenesis of trauma and burn injury. Massive leakage of fluid from vascular space leads to lose of blood plasma and decrease of effective circulatory blood volume, result- ing in formation of severe tissue edema, hypotension or even shock, especially in severe burn injury. Fluid resusci- tation has been the only valid approach to sustain patient＇s blood volume for a long time, due to the lack of overall and profound understanding of the mechanisms of vascular hyperpermeability response. There is an emerging concept in recent years that some so-called barrier stabilizing media- tors play a positive role in preventing the increase ofvascu-lar permeability. These mediators may be released in re- sponse to proinflammatory mediators and serve to restore endothelial barrier function. Some of these stabilizing mediators are important even in quiescent state because they preserve basal vascular permeability at low levels. This review introduces some of these mediators and reveals their underlying signaling mechanisms during endothelial barrier enhancing process.