Objective: To study the relationship between the amount of consumed alcohol, blood alcohol concentration (BAC), and driving ability among a part of the population in Southwest China and to provide reference for the fo...Objective: To study the relationship between the amount of consumed alcohol, blood alcohol concentration (BAC), and driving ability among a part of the population in Southwest China and to provide reference for the formulation of the legal limits for safe driving. Methods: Seventy-six randomly selected volunteer drivers each had three times of alcohol intake (100 ml each time). After each drank, BAC was measured with gas chromatograph and driving ability was evaluated. The drivers were grouped according to age, weight, alcohol tolerance and driving experience respectively and changes in BAC and driving ability were analyzed. Results: Average BAC and the percentage of drivers showing impaired driving ability in the groups increased after each intake of 100 ml alcohol. BAC in Group≤60 kg was more susceptible to alcohol than that in Group>60 kg. When each drank, alcohol had greater influence on drivers who had comparatively shorter driving experience. Conclusion: Volume of consumed alcohol, BAC and driving ability have direct associations among one another and are all under the influence of various factors including individual conditions. To set an appropriate legal BAC limit for safe driving should take an overall consideration of all factors.展开更多
The acute （15 minutes-4 hours） effects of exposure to the inhaled DEE （diesel exhaust emitted） on blood parameters of Guinea pigs Cavia porcellus were assessed via CBC （complete blood count） as an indicator usin...The acute （15 minutes-4 hours） effects of exposure to the inhaled DEE （diesel exhaust emitted） on blood parameters of Guinea pigs Cavia porcellus were assessed via CBC （complete blood count） as an indicator using an automated blood analyzer machines （Cell DYN 1700）. The results showed significant changes in some parameters in comparison with control animals started as early as 15 minutes and intensified by the continuous exposure time, leading to significant increase （p 〈 0.05） in the number of both WBC （white blood cells）, PLT （blood platelets） and decrease in numbers of RBC （red blood corpuscles） while hemoglobin percentages （Hb%） showed an insignificant （p 〉 0.05） fluctuating rhythm. The percentages of both Neutrophil and Lymphocyt recorded a significant increase （p 〈 0.05） 1 hour post-exposure to the DEE while other WBCs showed less changes. It is concluded that blood components are so sensitive to DEE and do respond quicker to inhaled pollutants via changes in some components of WBC% but decrease in RBC% and the likelihood of blood clotting due to increase in blood platelets. These results indicate the acute toxic risks of the exposure to DEE of mechanics and technicians who work in vicinity of DEE sources or/and spend most daily hours in semi closed areas.展开更多
Public vehicle seats are used under diverse conditions, therefore, the design of these seats is desired to be universal design. In the past study, seat swing function used in public vehicle seats, and it was optimized...Public vehicle seats are used under diverse conditions, therefore, the design of these seats is desired to be universal design. In the past study, seat swing function used in public vehicle seats, and it was optimized from the mechanical aspect under diverse conditions. Seat swing function is the function to prevent hip-sliding force, which causes sitting uncomfortable feeling. Recent study clarified that the reduction of blood flow in the legs causes physiological dysfunction, which is one of the causes of Long Flight Thrombosis, and the social issue. Thus, in the design of seat swing function, it is necessary to consider not only mechanical aspects but also physiological aspects. For the universal design of seat swing function considering the physiological aspect （blood flow）, the influence of blood flow on seat swing function in diverse conditions was analyzed. The method of this study was measuring blood flow and body pressure distribution on seat cushion of seat swing function under diverse conditions. From the analysis, it was indicated that it was necessary to reduce the compressive force behind the knees of the user conditions; the short physique and the high weight physique in standard sitting posture, for the universal design of seat swing function to prevent reduction of blood flow in the legs.展开更多
Recent reports on the impressive efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-modified T cells against hematologic malignancies have inspired oncologists to extend these efforts for the treatment of solid tumors. Clinic...Recent reports on the impressive efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-modified T cells against hematologic malignancies have inspired oncologists to extend these efforts for the treatment of solid tumors. Clinical trials of CAR-T-based cancer immunotherapy for solid tumors showed that the efficacies are not as remarkable as in the case of hematologic malignancies. There are several challenges that researchers must face when treating solid cancers with CAR-T cells, these include choosing an ideal target, promoting efficient trafficking and infiltration, overcoming the immunosuppressive microenvironment, and avoiding associated toxicity. In this review, we discuss the obstacles imposed by solid tumors on CAR-T cell-based immunotherapy and strategies adopted to improve the therapeutic potential of this approach. Continued investigations are necessary to improve therapeutic outcomes and decrease the adverse effects of CAR-T cell therapy in patients with solid malignancies in the future.展开更多
文摘Objective: To study the relationship between the amount of consumed alcohol, blood alcohol concentration (BAC), and driving ability among a part of the population in Southwest China and to provide reference for the formulation of the legal limits for safe driving. Methods: Seventy-six randomly selected volunteer drivers each had three times of alcohol intake (100 ml each time). After each drank, BAC was measured with gas chromatograph and driving ability was evaluated. The drivers were grouped according to age, weight, alcohol tolerance and driving experience respectively and changes in BAC and driving ability were analyzed. Results: Average BAC and the percentage of drivers showing impaired driving ability in the groups increased after each intake of 100 ml alcohol. BAC in Group≤60 kg was more susceptible to alcohol than that in Group>60 kg. When each drank, alcohol had greater influence on drivers who had comparatively shorter driving experience. Conclusion: Volume of consumed alcohol, BAC and driving ability have direct associations among one another and are all under the influence of various factors including individual conditions. To set an appropriate legal BAC limit for safe driving should take an overall consideration of all factors.
文摘The acute （15 minutes-4 hours） effects of exposure to the inhaled DEE （diesel exhaust emitted） on blood parameters of Guinea pigs Cavia porcellus were assessed via CBC （complete blood count） as an indicator using an automated blood analyzer machines （Cell DYN 1700）. The results showed significant changes in some parameters in comparison with control animals started as early as 15 minutes and intensified by the continuous exposure time, leading to significant increase （p 〈 0.05） in the number of both WBC （white blood cells）, PLT （blood platelets） and decrease in numbers of RBC （red blood corpuscles） while hemoglobin percentages （Hb%） showed an insignificant （p 〉 0.05） fluctuating rhythm. The percentages of both Neutrophil and Lymphocyt recorded a significant increase （p 〈 0.05） 1 hour post-exposure to the DEE while other WBCs showed less changes. It is concluded that blood components are so sensitive to DEE and do respond quicker to inhaled pollutants via changes in some components of WBC% but decrease in RBC% and the likelihood of blood clotting due to increase in blood platelets. These results indicate the acute toxic risks of the exposure to DEE of mechanics and technicians who work in vicinity of DEE sources or/and spend most daily hours in semi closed areas.
文摘Public vehicle seats are used under diverse conditions, therefore, the design of these seats is desired to be universal design. In the past study, seat swing function used in public vehicle seats, and it was optimized from the mechanical aspect under diverse conditions. Seat swing function is the function to prevent hip-sliding force, which causes sitting uncomfortable feeling. Recent study clarified that the reduction of blood flow in the legs causes physiological dysfunction, which is one of the causes of Long Flight Thrombosis, and the social issue. Thus, in the design of seat swing function, it is necessary to consider not only mechanical aspects but also physiological aspects. For the universal design of seat swing function considering the physiological aspect （blood flow）, the influence of blood flow on seat swing function in diverse conditions was analyzed. The method of this study was measuring blood flow and body pressure distribution on seat cushion of seat swing function under diverse conditions. From the analysis, it was indicated that it was necessary to reduce the compressive force behind the knees of the user conditions; the short physique and the high weight physique in standard sitting posture, for the universal design of seat swing function to prevent reduction of blood flow in the legs.
基金supported by the National High-tech R&D program (2014AA020704)the National Natural and Scientific Foundation of China (81201789/H1611, 81572981/H1611, 81400057/ H0111)
文摘Recent reports on the impressive efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-modified T cells against hematologic malignancies have inspired oncologists to extend these efforts for the treatment of solid tumors. Clinical trials of CAR-T-based cancer immunotherapy for solid tumors showed that the efficacies are not as remarkable as in the case of hematologic malignancies. There are several challenges that researchers must face when treating solid cancers with CAR-T cells, these include choosing an ideal target, promoting efficient trafficking and infiltration, overcoming the immunosuppressive microenvironment, and avoiding associated toxicity. In this review, we discuss the obstacles imposed by solid tumors on CAR-T cell-based immunotherapy and strategies adopted to improve the therapeutic potential of this approach. Continued investigations are necessary to improve therapeutic outcomes and decrease the adverse effects of CAR-T cell therapy in patients with solid malignancies in the future.
