中国银行业差异化竞争、利润与银行稳定

随着金融环境的变化,银行业竞争对银行稳定的影响逐渐成为大家关注的焦点之一。国内外银行业的发展趋势表明:差异化竞争将是未来银行竞争的重要方面。基于产业组织理论的相关模型,分析我国银行业差异化竞争对银行稳定的影响。得出如下主要结论:银行业差异化竞争是否有助于银行稳定,不仅取决于银行产品的差异化程度,还取决于银行之间的价格反应方式。

我国重点污染行业差异化环境税设计思路——基于污染削减费用视角

文章采用综合评价的方法,基于污染削减费用视角,提出我国重点污染行业环境税设计思路。研究得出:我国重点污染行业的污染削减费用有较大差异,其中以纺织业、造纸业以及食品业为代表的轻工业与以能源、化学及冶金工业为代表的重工业及电力、热力的生产和供应业污染削减费用差异明显,且各重点污染行业污染削减费用会随着时间的变化而变化。因此,建议分行业差异化征收环境税,同时加快产业升级,加大对能源主导型产业减排的限制力度。

进口类型、行业差异化程度与企业生产率提升

本文基于2002—2006年间中国制造业企业面板数据、高度细化的海关数据和行业差异化程度数据,讨论进口对于差异化行业的企业生产率的促进作用。考虑到进口与企业生产率可能存在反向因果关系影响估计结果的一致性,本文通过使用关税指数构建工具变量来解决内生性问题。本文发现了中间投入品进口与最终产品进口对于企业生产率的促进作用。进一步考虑行业差异化问题,研究发现进口仅对于同质性行业的企业生产率提升有显著的促进作用。通过引入市场集中度,实证回归结果表明进口竞争效应对于同质性行业更为重要,而进口技术外溢效应对于差异化程度较大的行业更为重要。数据显示的差异化较大的行业从技术外溢中获益数值较小的原因可能源于阶段性企业科技研发投入的不足。

基于行业分类下的A股民营企业融资差异化研究

随着我国市场经济的发展,民营企业在许多行业和领域中的优势逐渐凸显。然而,融资难、融资贵等依然是民营企业发展过程中面临的重大难题。本文通过整理A股不同行业的民营企业融资情况,反映出民营企业融资存在行业差异化,建议从以下三个方面解决民营企业融资难题:第一,政府方面,推动银行等金融机构为民营企业提供金融支持,鼓励符合条件的民营企业通过资本市场进行融资,支持民营企业健康发展;第二,金融机构应消除民营企业的信贷歧视,优化对接模式,缓解信息不对称问题,积极为其提供金融方面的服务;第三,企业本身需加强内部管理机制,增强企业信用能力,不断完善企业财务制度等。

基于行业身份差异化的党代会代表联系群众制度探讨

建立党代会代表联系群众工作制度,是党法党规的要求,是夯实党的执政基础、巩固党的执政地位的要求。党代会代表是有行业身份差异的。只有根据行业身份差异,建立党代会代表联系群众制度,才能充分发挥党代会代表的能量,提高联系群众的水平,增强服务群众的效果。我们可以按照党章对基层党组织的分类,来具体描述基于行业身份差异化的党代会代表联系群众工作制度的内容和方式,分别构建乡镇、街道和村社党代会代表联系群众制度,国有企业、集体企业和非公有制企业党代会代表联系群众制度,教育、科研、医疗等事业单位党代会代表联系群众制度,以及党政机关党代会代表联系群众制度。

Analysis of Price and Industry Dynamics of Sustainable and Specialty Coffee in Costa Rica

Volatility of commodity prices has affected dramatically the coffee industry in recent years, particularly small holder farmers. Differentiation of coffee through certification, such as sustainahility and quality attributes, has been proposed as a strategy for protection of the farmers against volatility in the international prices. This research paper evaluated three different models to explore the effectiveness of the differentiation strategies in protecting the farmer against price volatility in recent years, focusing on the case of Costa Rica. Evidence showed important differences in the price dynamics over time when comparing three groups of coffee.

Mixed Market Competition in a Quality Differentiated Duopoly Model An Approach to Banking Sector

This paper attempts to develop a theoretical framework to investigate the competitive implications of quality choices of financial institutions whereby they charge prices to consumers based on their willingness to pay for the service qualities in the mixed market scenario under vertical product differentiation model. Initially, it analyzes benchmark equilibrium solutions of monopoly and duopoly to establish the degree of quality differentiation between two private banks in an uncover market configuration. Further, it estimates the quality differentiation between private and public banks, and examines the interaction between two market structures keeping public bank as both leader and follower, and then measures the social welfare from different prospectives. The explicit operation of two stages Nash equilibrium game forecasted that public banks＇ monopoly seems to be still better than a private banking, and it is socially optimal. The outcome demonstrates a significant importance of vertical quality differentiation for policy implication in banking industry and provides an insight on the reasons of particular co-existence of public and private banking services in the specified location. In this context, it is concluded that the presence of public banks in banking industries is a crucial condition for obtaining the higher range of social welfare.

结合成熟金融市场经验对私募基金全面阳光化的思考

一直以来,民间私募被认为是游走在灰色地带的资本游戏,监管人士也一直无法对没有明确定义的私募机构进行系统的监管。然而近几年来以新《基金法》为代表的私募相关法律法规的密集出台,启动了私募基金全面阳光化进程。本文综合近期出台的相关法律法规,结合香港美国等成熟市场的私募基金的与相应监管的发展历程与现状,解读改革带来的变化,并对我国私募市场未来的发展做出展望。