浅析经营者集中救济

经营者集中救济对于经营者集中的规制有着重要的作用,其能够发挥经营者集中的优势作用,又能够规制不正当竞争,是市场有效竞争的一种手段。经营者集中救济措施的背后往往有很多参考因素,例如产业整体类型、市场的特点和状况、竞争的危害性、救济措施的效率和有效期限等。我国在经营者集中救济方面还存在很多的不足,因此,文章认为,有必要从救济的类型和救济的方式等方面进行完善。

Evaluation on Combustion Characteristics of Finishing Materials for Exterior Walls

Existing fire test methods reply on measurement of the energy released rate to identify the combustion properties of a material. However, they are inadequate when assessing combustion characteristics of a composite material characterized by vertical flame spread and different inside/outside combustion behaviors. In addition, major factors that affect the flame spread outside the building include the combustion characteristics of materials used as well as air flow around a skyscraper. However, since it is highly difficult to analyze and forecast the air flow from a fire engineering viewpoint, an investigation of the flame spread characteristics of exterior walls of a building depends primarily on the combustion characteristics of materials. Hence, this study examined, using ISO 13785-2 testing method, the temperature changes and vertical flame spread behaviors of one of the finishing materials for exterior walls--（generic ＆ fire-resistant） aluminium panels by a real-scale combustion experiment. According to the results of real-scale experiment, the maximum heat temperature of 987.7 ℃ was recorded seven minutes after the fire test was initiated while the fire-resistant aluminium panels showed the maximum heat temperature of 850.2℃ after exposed for approximately 12 min. The vertical flame spread properties put more emphasis on the time required to reach the maximum temperature rather than its magnitude and there was a five minutes difference between the materials.

Interaction Behaviors Between Special Dromions in the(2+1)-Dimensional Broer-Kaup-Kupershmidt Equation

A modified mapping method is used to obtain variable separation solution with two arbitrary functions of the(2+1)-dimensional Broer-Kaup-Kupershmidt equation.Based on the variable separation solution and by selecting appropriate functions,we discuss the completely elastic head-on collision between two dromion-lattices,non-completely elastic "chase and collision" between two multi-dromion-pairs and completely non-elastic interaction phenomenon between anti-dromion and dromion-pair.

Nanoseparation-lnspired Manipulation of the Synthesis of CdS Nanorods

CdS nanorods have been sorted by length using a density gradient ultracentrifuge rate separation method. The fractions containing longer rods showed relatively stronger oxygen-related surface trap emission, while the shorter ones had dominant band-edge emission. These results suggest that the final length distribution of CdS nanorods is not a result of random nucleation and growth, but is related to the local synthesis conditions. Inspired by these findings, different synthesis environments （N2, air, and 02） have been employed in order to tailor the length distribution. In addition to the rod length, the photoluminescence properties of CdS nanorods can also be manipulated. Increasing the oxygen partial pressure significantly changed the growth behavior of CdS nanorods by improving the anisotropic growth.

GLOBAL ASYMPTOTIC STABILITY FOR A TWO-SPECIES DISCRETE RATIO-DEPENDENT PREDATOR-PREY SYSTEM

The dynamical behaviors of a two-species discrete ratio-dependent predator-prey sys- tem are considered. Some sufficient conditions for the local stability of the equilibria is obtained by using the linearization method. Further, we also obtain a new sufficient condition to ensure that the positive equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable by using an iteration scheme and the comparison principle of difference equations, which generalizes what paper [G. Chen, Z. Teng and Z. Hu, Analysis of stability for a discrete ratio-dependent predator-prey system, Indian J. Pure Appl. Math. 42（1） （2011） 1-26] has done. The method given in this paper is new and very resultful comparing with papers [H. F. Huo and W. T. Li, Existence and global stability of periodic solutions of a discrete predator--prey system with delays, Appl. Math. Comput. 153 （2004） 337-351; X. Liao, S. Zhou and Y. Chen, On permanence and global stability in a general Gilpin- Ayala competition predator prey discrete system, Appl. Math. Comput. 190 （2007） 500-509] and it can also be applied to study the global asymptotic stability for general multiple species discrete population systems. At the end of this paper, we present an open question.

A simple compliance modeling method for flexure hinges

Various types of flexure hinges have been introduced and implemented in a variety of fields due to their superior performances.The Castigliano’s second theorem,the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory based direct integration method and the unit-load method have been employed to analytically describe the elastic behavior of flexure hinges.However,all these methods require prior-knowledge of the beam theory and need to execute laborious integration operations for each term of the compliance matrix,thus highly decreasing the modeling efficiency and blocking practical applications of the modeling methods.In this paper,a novel finite beam based matrix modeling(FBMM)method is proposed to numerically obtain compliance matrices of flexure hinges with various shapes.The main concept of the method is to treat flexure hinges as serial connections of finite micro-beams,and the shearing and torsion effects of the hinges are especially considered to enhance the modeling accuracy.By means of matrix calculations,complete compliance matrices of flexure hinges can be derived effectively in one calculation process.A large number of numerical calculations are conducted for various types of flexure hinges with different shapes,and the results are compared with the ones obtained by conventional modeling methods.It demonstrates that the proposed modeling method is not only efficient but also accurate,and it is a more universal and more robust tool for describing elastic behavior of flexure hinges.

Bio-inspired smart gating nanochannels based on polymer films

In this review we have summarized some recent results mainly reported by our group that focused on the development of smart gating nanochannels based on polymer films. These nanochannels were prepared using a track-etch process. The responsive materials/molecules and modification methods/techniques have also been demonstrated, from which we have obtained a series of smart gating nanochannels that can respond to single/dual external stimuli, e.g., pH, ion, temperature, light, and so on. These studies utilize responsive behaviors to regulate ionic transport properties inside a single nanochannel and demonstrate the fea-sibility of designing other smart nanodevices in the future.

Domain-switching embedded nonlinear electromechanical finite element method for ferroelectric ceramics

To simulate the nonlinear behavior of ferroelectric structures and devices under non-uniform electromechanical loadings,a domain-switching embedded electromechanical finite element method is developed in this paper.Following continuum assumption,the electromechanical behavior of each representative material point can be obtained by averaging the behavior of the local corresponding microstructure,e.g.42 domains used in this work.A new Double Gibbs free energy criterion for domain-switching is proposed to ensure the convergence and stability of the simulations on ferroelectrics under non-uniform field.Several computational examples are given to demonstrate that this nonlinear finite element method can yield reasonable and stable simulation results which can be used to explain some experimental results and assist the design of ferroelectric devices.

Breather-Type Periodic Soliton Solutions for (1+1)-Dimensional Sinh-Poisson Equation

In this paper,by using bilinear form and extended homoclinic test approach,we obtain new breather-type periodic soliton solutions of the (1+1)-dimensional Sinh-Poisson equation.These results demonstrate that the nonlinear evolution equation has rich dynamical behavior even if it is (1+1)-dimensional.

Qualitative Analysis of Gradient-Type Systems with Oscillatory Nonlinearities on the Sierpiński Gasket

Under an appropriate oscillating behavior either at zero or at infinity of the nonlinear data, the existence of a sequence of weak solutions for parametric quasilinear systems of the gradient-type on the Sierpinski gasket is proved. Moreover, by adopting the same hypotheses on the potential and in presence of suitable small perturbations, the same conclusion is achieved. The approach is based on variational methods and on certain analytic and geometrical properties of the Sierpinski fractal as, for instance, a compact embedding result due to Fukushima and Shima.

An unconventional phase field modeling of domains formation and evolution in tetragonal ferroelectrics

Based on characteristic functions of variants, we developed an unconventional phase field modeling for investigating domains formation and evolution in tetragonal ferroelectrics. In order to develop this computational approach, we constructed the anisotropy energy of tetragonal variants, which is used instead of Landau-Devonshire potential in the conventional phase field method, resulting in that much fewer parameters are needed for simulations. This approach is advantageous in simulations of emerging ferroelectric materials. We employ it to study the formation and evolution of domains in tetragonal barium titanate single crystal, as well as the nonlinear behaviors under cyclical stress and electric field loading. A multi-rank laminated ferroelectric domain pattern, 90° domain switching accompanied by polarization rotation, and 180° domain switching accompanied by move of domain wall are predicted. It is found that the speed of 90° domain switching is slower than that of 180° domain switching, due to both polarization and transformation strain changed in 90° domain switching. It also suggests that large strain actuation can be generated in single crystal ferroelectrics via combined electromechanical loading inducing 90° domain switching. The good agreement between simulation results and experimental measurements is observed.

Large time behavior of solutions for a class of time-dependent Hamilton-Jacobi equations

We study the long-time behavior of viscosity solutions for time-dependent Hamilton-Jacobi equations by the dynamical approach based on weak KAM(Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser) theory due to Fathi. We establish a general convergence result for viscosity solutions and adherence of the graph as t →∞.