Investigation on transformation process of trip mode choice for planned special events

This paper aims to provide a decision-making method for the transportation management strategies in guiding the transformation of trip mode choice during planned special events. The Expo 2010 Shanghai is taken as an example, and a structural equation model is employed to analyze the dynamic mechanism of trip mode choice behavior and the effectiveness of the transportation management measures at different stages. Based on the difference between the objective-oriented stated preference （SP） survey results and the objectives, together with the feedback from the previous stage survey, some adjustments on the transportation management measures are made in the next stage of the planning process until the objectives are eventually achieved. The results indicate that the adjustments on transportation management measures at different stages can effectively raise the transit share to 88.6%. Nonlocal visitors are inclined to choose nonstop modes of transportation and the companion attributes have the most significant effects on the trip mode choices of visitors. The research method is proved to be an effective way to support the decision making process of transportation management measures during planned special events in the future.

使毛泽东受挫的宁都会议

1930年苏区中央局成立时,政治局决议周恩来为书记。由于当时周恩来在上海实际领导中共中央的工作不可能分身,苏区中央局书记一职先后由项英和毛泽东代理。1931年,顾顺章叛变后,周恩来转移到江西苏区,书记一职自然回到他的肩上。

Analyzing verbs＇ definitions in learner＇s dictionaries based on the schema theory

The synthetic defining style, a predominant way used to define verbs in many dictionaries, is the main factor that makes dictionary definitions vague and incomplete. The present paper argues that instead of the synthetic defining mode, an analytical meaning-explaining way should be used in dictionaries designed for SLA learners. The analytical meanings of verbs are viewed as mini-narratives and form event schemata comprised of three sub-schemata, namely, participant schema, action schema and scenario schema. The three sub-schemata should be clearly fore-grounded in verbs＇ definitions in learners＇ dictionaries.

CFD Simulation of Flow and Mass Transfer in Structured Packing Distillation Columns

Detailed investigation of flow behavior in structured packing distillation columns is of great importance in accurate prediction of process efficiency and development of more efficient and optimal equipment internals. In this study, a three-dimensional two-phase flow model based on VOF method for simulating the hydrodynamics and mass-transfer behavior in a typical representative unit of the structured packing is developed. In the proposed model, the c 2 - ε c model is used for the closure of turbulent mass transfer equation. By solving the proposed model, the velocity distribution, phase fraction profile and concentration field are obtained. Using these data, the total liquid holdup, the wetted area and the separation efficiency [height equivalent to a theoretical plate (HETP)] are estimated. For testing the model validation, the simulated HETPs are compared with our previous experimental data obtained in a 150 mm-diameter column containing Mellapak 350Y operating at the pressures of 0.6-1.8 MPa. The compari-son shows that they are in satisfactory agreement, with an average absolute deviation (AAD) of 25.4%.

Start-up and Performance of a Novel Reactor----Jet Biogas Inter-loop Anaerobic Fluidized Bed

A novel anaerobic reactor, jet biogas inter-loop anaerobic fluidized bed （JBILAFB）, was designed and constructed. The start-up and performance of the reactor was investigated in the Process. of .artificial glucose wastewater treatment. With the wastewater recycle ratio of 2.5 ： 1, the recycled wastewater with biogas could mix sludge and wastewater in the JBILAFB reactor completely. The start-up of the JBILAFB reactor could be completed in less than 70 d through maintenance of hydraulic retention time （HR^I＂） and stepwise increase of feed total organic carbon （TOC） concentration. After the start-up, with the volumetric TOC loadings of 14.3 kg·m ^-3·d^-1, the TOC removal ratio, the effluent pH, and the volatile fatty acids （VFA）/alkalinity of the JBILAFB reactor were more than 80%, close to 7.0 and less than 0.4, respectively. Moreover, CH4 was produced at more than 70% of the theoretical value, The reactor exhibited high stability under the condition of high volumetric TOC loading. Sludge granules in the JBILAFB reactor were developed during the start-up and their sizes were enlarged with the stepwise increase of volumetric TOC loadings from 0.8 kg.m^-3.d ^-1 to 14.3 kg.m^-3.d^-1. Granules, an offwhite color and a similar spherical shape, were mainly comprised of global-like bacteria. These had good methanogenic activity and settleability, which were formed probably through adhesion of the bacteria. Some inorganic metal compounds such as Fe, Ca, Mg, Al, etc. were advantageous to the formation of the granules.

The National Action Plan： An Approach to Prioritise Acts Related to the Conservation of Marine Turtles at Jordan＇s Gulf of Aqaba

The Jordan＇s NAP （national action plan） provides a set of priority actions for the conservation of marine turtles and their habitats in the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. The main threats to the maintenance of stable turtle populations in Jordan range from opportunistic capture to global threats such fishing mortality and from pollution incidents. Jordan＇s NAP addresses the primary causes of turtle mortality with a series of proposed actions. It includes reducing threats from commercial fisheries, development operations, promoting turtle rescue and rehabilitation along with public awareness activities. It considered also a set of recommendations to reflect the importance of protecting marine turtles in Jordan＇s Gulf of Aqaba. It includes community participation in conservation, capacity of national agencies to carry out management activities and to enforce legislations. To each priority actions identified in NAP, expected results and performance indicators were defined. Hence, the designation of a level of urgency to each specific priority action allowed a phased approach for implementation, subject to budget and available national capacity. Currently, NAP is performing effectively through an integrated network of national working groups including government and non-governmental organisations and other stakeholders.

SA METHOD FOR PREDICTING THE PERFORMANCE OF DASH STOP MANEUVER OF HELICOPTER

The Dash Stop flight at the extreme condition is the primary interest of this study. This paper describes some research on the flight characteristics of helicopter in Dash Stop. A set of equations which govern the Dash Stop is developed. A method which determines the acceleration and deceleration is proposed. Formulas are then developed which relate the aircraft angular rates and attitudes to flight speed, angle of attack and acceleration or deceleration. Finally the DOLPHIN helicopter is taken as an example to calculate its acceleration/deceleration capability, pilot control and aircraft attitudes in space. It is found that the results are reasonable.

Dynamics of Two-Photon Lasers with A Atomic Level Configuration

We derive the dimensionless dynamic equations of two-photon lasers with A atomic level configuration by using the quantum Langevin equation method with the considerations of atomic coherence and injected classical fields. Then we analyze the stability and the chaotic dynamics of the two-photon laser by calculating the bifurcation diagram and the maximum Lyapunov exponent （MLE）. Our results show that the Lorenz strange attractors and one-focus strange attractors can exist in this system, and the chaos can be induced or inhibited by the injected classical fields via Hopfbifurcations or crises, while the atomic coherence induces chaos via crises, and inhibit chaos via Hopf bifurcation or crises.

A gait generation and transition method for quadruped walking machine

In nature, quadrupeds as horses or cats change their gait to be suited to their motion speed. This fact is very important to realize smooth motion with different gaits. In this article a method of the gait transition for the quadruped walking machine is proposed. With analyzing the accustomed gaits of quadruped, some standard gaits and the relationships between duty factor and the phasic differences of the legs corresponding to the first leg could be concluded. With this, the gaits transferring could be continuous. Besides, celerity and on line method for generation and modifying gaits is studied, which can make the robot have a smooth motion to adapt the uncharted rough terrain.

Identification method of crowded passenger flow based on automatic fare collection data of Nanjing Metro

To relieve traffic congestion in urban rail transit stations,a new identification method of crowded passenger flow based on automatic fare collection data is proposed.First,passenger travel characteristics are analyzed by observing the temporal distribution of inflow passengers each hour and the spatial distribution concerning cross-section passenger flow.Secondly,the identification method of crowded passenger flow is proposed to calculate the threshold via the probability density function fitted by Matlab and classify the early-warning situation based on the threshold obtained.Finally,a case study of Xinjiekou station is conducted to prove the validity and practicability of the proposed method.Compared to the traditional methods,the proposed comprehensive method can remove defects such as efficiency and delay.Furthermore,the proposed method is suitable for other rail transit companies equipped with automatic fare collection systems.

On-Cam Operation of Counter-Rotating Type Hydroelectric Unit

The counter-rotating type hydroelectric unit, which is composed of the axial flow type tandem runners and the peculiar generator with double rotational armatures, has been proposed. In the unit, the front and the rear runners counter-drive the inner and the outer armatures of the generator, respectively. Besides, the flow direction at the rear runner outlet must coincide with the direction at the front runner inlet, because the angular momentum change through the rear runner must coincides with that through the front runner. In this paper, the tandem runners work at on-cam conditions in keeping the induced frequency constant, to provide the hydroelectric unit for the power grid system. The output and the hydraulic efficiency are affected by the adjusting angles of the front and the rear blades. Both optimum angles giving the maximum output or efficiency were presented at the various discharge/head circumstances, accompanying with the turbine performances.

Angina rapidly improved with a plant-based diet and returned after resuming a Western diet

Atherosclerosis and its related cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world. The roots of this disease may lie, in part, in dietary and lifestyle behaviors, indicating that modifica- tion of these behaviors may lead to profound improvements.

A Research on Particle-Based Parallel Methods for Fluid Animation

In this paper, we present an acceleration strategy for Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics （SPH） on multi-GPU platform. For single-GPU, we first use a neighborhood search algorithm of compacting cell index combined with spatial domain characteristics For multi-GPU, we focus on the changing patterns of SPH＇s computational time. Simple dynamic load balancing algorithm works well because the computational time of each time step changes slowly compared to previous time step. By further optimizing dynamic load balancing algorithm and the communication strategy among GPUs, a nearly linear speedup is achieved in different scenarios with a scale of millions particles. The quality and efficiency of our methods are demonstrated using multiple scenes with different particle numbers.

Motion cue based pedestrian detection with two-frame-filtering

This study proposes a motion cue based pedestrian detection method with two-trame-filtering （Tff） for video surveillance. The novel motion cue is exploited by the gray value variation between two frames. Then Tff processing filters the gradient magnitude image by the variation map. Summa- tions of the Tff gradient magnitudes in cells are applied to train a pre-deteetor to exclude most of the background regions. Histogram of Tff oriented gradient （HTffOG） feature is proposed for pedestrian detection. Experimental results show that this method is effective and suitable for real-time surveil- lance applications.

Bifurcations of Exact Traveling Wave Solutions for(2+1)-Dimensional HNLS Equation

For the(2+1)-Dimensional HNLS equation,what are the dynamical behavior of its traveling wave solutions and how do they depend on the parameters of the systems? This paper will answer these questions by using the methods of dynamical systems.Ten exact explicit parametric representations of the traveling wave solutions are given.

Hot working characteristics of HEXed PM nickel-based superalloy during hot compression

To study the hot deformation behavior of a new powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy,hot compression tests were conducted in the temperature range of 1020−1110℃ with the strain rates of 0.001−1 s^−1.It is found that the flow stress of the superalloy decreases with increasing temperature and decreasing strain rate.An accurate constitutive equation is established using a hyperbolic-sine type expression.Moreover,processing map of the alloy is constructed to optimize its hot forging parameters.Three domains of dynamic recrystallization stability and instability regions are identified from the processing map at a strain of 0.7,respectively.The adiabatic shear band,intergranular crack and a combination of intergranular crack and wedge crack are demonstrated to be responsible for the instabilities.Comprehensively analyzing the processing map and microstructure,the optimal isothermal forging conditions for the superalloy is determined to be t=1075−1105℃ andε&=10^−3−10−2.8 s^−1.

Hot compressive deformation behavior and constitutive relationship of Al-Zn-Mg-Zr alloy with trace amounts of Sc

Abstract： The hot deformation behaviors of AI-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy were investigated in a temperature range of 340-500℃ and a strain rate range of 0.001-10 s 1 using uniaxial compression test on Gleeble-1500 thermal simulation machine. The results show that the flow stress increases with increasing strain and tends to be constant after a peak value. The flow stress increases with increasing strain rate and decreases with increasing deformation temperature. The phenomenon of dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization can be observed by microstructural evolutions. Based on the hyperbolic Arrhenius-type equation, the true stress-true strain data from the tests were employed to establish the constitutive equation considering the effect of the true strain on material constants （α, β, Q, n and A）, which reveals the dependence of the flow stress on strain, strain rate and deformation temperature. The predicted stress-strain curves are in good agreement with experimental results, which confirms that the developed constitutive equations are suitable to research the hot deformation behaviors of Al-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy.

Novel Biased Aggregation-Annihilation Model

We propose a novel two-species aggregation-annihilation model, in which irreversible aggregation reactions occur between any two aggregates of the same species and biased annihilations occur simultaneously between two different species. The kinetic scaling behavior of the model is then analytically investigated by means of the mean-field rate equation. For the system without the seff-aggregation of the un-annihilated species, the aggregate size distribution of the annihilated species always approaches a modified scaling form and vanishes finally; while for the system with the self-aggregation of the un-annihilated species, its scaling behavior depends crucially on the details of the rate kernels. Moreover, the results also exhibit that both species are conserved together in some cases, while only the un-annihilated species survives finally in other cases.

Function Projective Synchronization of Fractional-Order Hyperchaotic System Based on Open-Plus-Closed-Looping

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the dynamic behavior of fractional-order four-order hyperchaotic Lii system, and use the Open-Plus-Closed-Looping （OPCL） coupling method to construct the system＇s corresponding response system, and then implement function projective synchronization （FPS） of fractional-order drive-response system with system parameters perturbation or not. Finally, the numerical simulations verify the effectiveness and robustness of this scheme.

Research on the Activity Frame Work of Using Visual Thinking Tools

The development of high order thinking has been considered as a national priority of learning. By using three iteration action research in six elementary schools in Guangzhou, China for about 1 year and a half, we found that visual thinking tools can improve students＇ high order thinking ability and change the traditional teaching method. By using this activity frame work, the teachers can better understand what are the students thinking about and the students can use the thinking tools to help themselves solve complex problems and discuss with other people. The reason we do this research is to improve the high-order thinking ability of primary student. In this paper, we summarize an activity frame work of using visual thinking tools to improve students thinking ability. And the frame work can be divided into three stages： preparatory stage, implementation stage and assessment stage. And different stage has different activity. Though this activity frame work is not perfect enough, we will improve it in our future study.