重新审视幼儿园教育“小学化”的成因与对策——基于“第二期学前教育三年行动计划”的实施

《关于实施第二期学前教育三年行动计划的意见》再次明确提出反对幼儿园教育“小学化”。文章在分析幼儿园教育“小学化”成因的基础上提出，幼儿园教育“去小学化”需要以科学理念为先导，教师专业发展为关键，政府监管为支撑，幼儿园自我管理为根本。

3D modeling for effect of tool eccentricity on coupled thermal and material flow characteristics during friction stir welding

A novel three-dimensional numerical model is proposed to investigate the effect of tool eccentricity on the coupled thermal and material flow characteristics in friction stir welding(FSW) process.An asymmetrical boundary condition at the tool-workpiece interface,and the dynamic mesh technique are both employed for the consideration of the tool eccentricity during tool rotating.It is found that tool eccentricity induces the periodical variation of the heat densities both at the tool-workpiece interface and inside the shear layer,but the fluctuation amplitudes of the heat density variations are limited.However,it is demonstrated that tool eccentricity results in significant variation of the material flow behavior in one tool rotating period.Moreover,the material velocity variation at the retreating side is particularly important for the formation of the periodic characteristics in FSW.The modeling result is found to be in good agreement with the experimental one.

慢性疼痛患者自我管理行为的调查分析

目的了解慢性疼痛患者的自我管理行为,为分阶段对慢性疼痛患者实施针对性护理干预提供参考。方法采取便利抽样方法抽取武汉市11所三甲医院慢性疼痛患者268例,采用疼痛阶段变化问卷(PSOCQ)进行调查。结果患者对疼痛的自我管理行为呈现不同的阶段和型态,依次为思考前期(39.92%)、思考期(45.52%)、行动期(7.84%)和维持期(6.72%)。结论患者慢性疼痛自我管理的行为分阶段逐渐转变,需针对其各阶段不同的疼痛自我管理倾向采取不同的护理干预措施。

Travel time and alternative configurations analysis for automated storage/retrieval systems based on geometrical method

In order to evaluate the efficiency of the automated storage/retrieval system(AS/RS)accurately,and compare different layouts of the AS/RS using mean travel time,under randomized storage conditions,an exact,geometry-based analytical model is presented.The model can be used to compute the expected single-command and dual-command travel time for a storage/retrieval(S/R)machine which can travel simultaneously horizontally and vertically as it moves along a storage aisle.The rack may be either square in time or non square in time.Additionally,the alternative layouts of the AS/RS and travel-time models are examined.Comparing with setting the I/O point at the left-lower corner of the rack,setting the I/O point at any point at the vertical edge can help enhance the efficiency of the AS/RS.

滇黔桂石漠化区学前教育普惠化发展困境与策略研究

滇黔桂石漠化区学前教育普惠化发展较为困难,原因是当前农村学前教育财政投入不足,学前教育机构数量难以满足儿童入园要求,公办、民办幼儿园结构不合理,师资匮乏,教师任务重。解决策略应该从政府和社会的角度切入,统筹规划,优化布局,走去小学化和本土化的内涵发展之路,多途径吸纳资金,建立经费保障体系,加快学前教育立法工作进程,切实保障学前教育事业健康有序发展。

A successful mountain rescue operation in Yushu Earthquake

On April 14, 2010, an earthquake reaching 7.1 Richter scale struck Jiegu Town of Yushu. More than 2 698 people were confirmed dead, and 12 135 were injured, of which 1 434 were severely injured. Rescue operation was carried out soon after the disaster; however, the rescue teams face great challenges of altitude hypoxia, freezing temperature and very bad weather. Thus, 1 434 severe injuries were rapidly transported airlifted to hospitals in Xining and neighboring provinces for effective treatment. The extremity trauma （49.9 % ） was the most common patteru of injuries. Asphyxia （40.8 % ） was by far the most important reason for death. A high incidence of acute altitude illness in the lowland rescuers was a special medical problem during the highest earthquake in Yushu. We have learned more lessons from Yushu Earthquake.

“中国科技期刊登峰行动计划”入选期刊发展现状及建议

【目的】通过统计分析"中国科技期刊登峰行动计划"入选期刊的发展现状,为优化资助机制、培育世界一流科技期刊提供参考。【方法】基于Web of Science的JCR评价数据,运用文献计量法和深度访谈法对入选期刊发展现状和存在问题进行分析并提出建议。【结果】入选期刊影响因子总体提升不明显,存在片面追求影响因子的倾向;资助的"解渴""解困"作用明显,但由于期刊国际化办刊思路不清晰,谋划不足,撬动期刊实现世界一流建设目标的杠杆作用发挥得并不充分。【结论】资助方应通过注重资助效果评估和反馈,清晰资助导向,促进资助效果形成良性循环。期刊方应深入理解"世界一流科技期刊"的建设内涵,把握规律,探索模式,积极进行国际化办刊实践,提升期刊国际影响力。

Life Cycle Assessment of Motor Bike and Electric Bike in Urban Areas of China

Motor bikes (m-bike) and electric bikes (e-bike) are widely used in urban areas of China. Life cycle assessment of m-bike and e-bike are presented to compare their energy use and environmental emission in a life cycle span. An m-bike and an e-bike are disassembled to collect material composition data for the life cycle assessment. The results show that e-bike consumes less energy and has less global warming potential (GWP), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), dissolved solids (DS), hydrocarbons (HC) than m-bike during life cycle. But e-bike generates more solid wastes, and more acidification potential (AP), heavy metal (HM) than m-bike. Advanced batteries and clean coal fired power plant technologies are recommended to promote e-bike use in urban area.

Effects of Colored Noise on Periodic Orbits in a One-Dimensional Map

Noise can induce inverse period-doubling transition and chaos. The effects of the colored noise on periodic orbits, of the different periodic sequences in the logistic map, are investigated. It is found that the dynamical behaviors of the orbits, induced by an exponentially correlated colored noise, are different in the mergence of transition, and the effects of the noise intensity on their dynamical behaviors are different from the effects of the correlation time of noise. Remarkably, the noise can induce new periodic orbits, namely, two new orbits emerge in the period-four sequence at the bifurcation parameter value μ = 3.5, four new orbits in the period-eight sequence at μ= 3.55, and three new orbits in the period-six sequence at μ = 3.846, respectively. Moreover, the dynamical behaviors of the new orbits clearly show the resonancelike response to the colored noise.

Reading Skill Improvement Through Visual Memory, Question, Read, Recite, Record, and Review English Instructional Method （VMQ4R-EIM）

To improve students＇ reading skill through VMQ4R-EIM and to reflect the English instructional process implemented by the teacher in the secondary school, and finally the teacher can introspect his English instructional activities, there are 40 students as the research subjects of this CAR （classroom action research） and it used spriral method from Kemmis and McTaggart with four stages （plan, action, observation, reflection）. The research result showed that there was significant reading skill improvement to secondary school students. In the first cycle, the student＇s reading skill improved to 62% and the observation result reached to 65%. In the second cycle, the student reading skill improved to 97% and the observation result reached to 95%. The VMQ4R-EIM can improve secondary school students＇ reading skill. The research implication is the VMQ4R-EIM that is one way to be implemented by the English teacher in order to improve and make the students motivated and active in attending the instructional process

Centers and isochronous centers of a class of quasi-analytic switching systems

In this paper, we study the integrability and linearization of a class of quadratic quasi-analytic switching systems. We improve an existing method to compute the focus values and periodic constants of quasianalytic switching systems. In particular, with our method, we demonstrate that the dynamical behaviors of quasi-analytic switching systems are more complex than those of continuous quasi-analytic systems, by showing the existence of six and seven limit cycles in the neighborhood of the origin and infinity, respectively, in a quadratic quasi-analytic switching system. Moreover, explicit conditions are obtained for classifying the centers and isochronous centers of the system.

New Exact Solutions and Dynamics in(3+1)-Dimensional Gross–Pitaevskii Equation with Repulsive Harmonic Potential

Using an improved homogeneous balance principle and an F-expansion technique, we construct the new exact periodic traveling wave solutions to the(3+1)-dimensional Gross–Pitaevskii equation with repulsive harmonic potential. In the limit cases, the solitary wave solutions are obtained as well. We also investigate the dynamical evolution of the solitons with a time-dependent complicated potential.

A dynamic influence model of social network hotspot based on grey system

The outbreak of hotspot in social network may contain complex dynamic genesis. Using user behavior data from hotspots in social network, we study how different user groups play different roles for a hotspot topic. Firstly, by analyzing users' behavior records, we mine group situation that promotes the hotspot.Several major attributions in a hotspot outbreak, such as individual, peer and group triggers, are defined formally according to the view-point of social identity, social interaction, retweet depth and opinion leader. Secondly,for the problem of the uneven and sparse data in each stage of hotspot topic's life cycle, we propose a dynamic influence model based on grey system to formalize the effect of different groups. Then the process of hotspot evolution driven by distinct crowd is showed dynamically. The experimental result confirms that the model is able not only to qualify users' influence on a hotspot topic but also to predict effectively an upcoming change in a hotspot topic.

Ionospheric absorption and planetary wave activity in East Asia sector

In this paper, we focus on ionospheric absorption in the East Asia sector, and look for manifestations of atmospheric influences in this area. First, a 4-year historical record of absorption measurement at Beijing is presented. This record was obtained by a sweep frequency technique, in which 27-days periodic variation of the absorption level was found to be dominant, appearing in most seasons except winters. Instead, unusual enhancements of the absorption level appeared in winters (winter anomaly), at the meantime the level varied with periods mainly in the range of 8-12 days. Comparing to 27-days period from the Sun, the shorter period oscillations should be related to planetary wave activities in lower atmosphere. Second, fmin data from 5 mid-latitude ionosondes in Japan were used as an indirect but long-term measurement. With the fmin data covering two solar cycles, disturbances with various periods were found to be active around solar maximum years, but the 8-12 days oscillations always existed in winter, showing seasonal dependence instead of connection to solar activity. These results given in this paper demonstrate seasonal and solar cycle-dependent features of the ionospheric absorption in East Asia sector, and confirm the existence of influence from atmosphere-ionosphere coupling in this area, as well as the relationship between ionospheric winter anomaly and planetary wave activity.

Taming complexity in nonlinear dynamical systems by recycled signal

In this paper, the impacts of the recycled signal on the dynamic complexity have been studied theoretically and numerically xn a prototypical nonlinear dynamical system. The Melnikov theory is employed to determine the critical boundary, and the sta- tistical complexity measure （SCM） is defined and calculated to quantify the dynamic complexity. It has been found that one can switch the dynamics from the periodic motion to a chaotic one or suppress the chaotic behavior to a periodic one, merely via adjusting the time delay or the amplitude of the recycled signal, therefore, providing a candidate to tame the dynamic com- plexity in nonlinear dynamical systems.