行品与性品：《世说新语》的文化叙事结构

反思《世说新语》的研究史,小说艺术、玄学思维等都不是有效的概念。从分类数量、类目名称及相关排序来看,《世说新语》存在一个以行品和性品为核心概念的文化叙事结构,后者应由乡土中国及其道德观念来解释。

甘博藏西夏文《普贤行愿品疏序》研究

现藏甘肃省博物馆的G21.055[10705]佛经为西夏文活字本《华严经普贤行愿品》,它是陈炳应先生当年从古旧书刊中发现的,交甘肃博物馆登记珍藏的。佛经首题为《大方广佛华严经普贤行愿品疏序》,本文仅对疏序进行译释研究,通过对一些词语比较可以发现,西夏文译本并没有严格按照汉文进行逐字翻译,而是在理解汉文基础上,结合西夏语的特点或当时习俗对有些文字进行了改动。这不仅反映了西夏人希望以崇佛诵经来保佑国祚长久的美好愿望,而且也彰显国家佛教之兴盛。

依托思品践行活动引导学生自主学习

思品践行活动面向全体学生,靠学生自主选择、直接体验、探索研究为原则,以贴近学生现实的生活实践、社会实践、科学实践的主题为活动内容,以学生个性养成为活动目标。而中学思品践行活动则突出了开放性、自主性、探究性,强调了学生自主学习思品能力的培养,我们必须在情境创设中激发学生思品情感,在探究活动中激发学生思品激情,在互助合作求异过程中引导学生创造性思维,在解决实际问题中引导学生实践,促进学生养成自主学习的品质。

老字号化妆品行业营销策略问题研究——以老字号品牌谢馥春为例

"中华老字号"虽然拥有世代传承的产品、技艺和服务,但是在信息化的21世纪,老字号却被逐渐淡出了市场,其市场份额在同行中并不高。鉴于此,本文对"老字号"进行研究,并以营销为切入点,选取了如今仅存的化妆品行业中的老字号"谢馥春"。首先,将以尼尔·博登的"市场营销组合"理论为基础,采取抽样调查的方法对谢馥春的可能消费者进行调查,收集顾客对目前产品、价格、渠道、促销方式等情况的反应,对比国外的化妆品品牌。最后,将基于问卷调查、访谈、和对比的结果,找出谢馥春营销策略中存在的问题。

Analysis on Marginal Superiority and Yield of Different Wheat Varieties in Wheat-cotton Intercropping System

In wheat-cotton intercropping system,the spike number per unit area,grains per spike,thousand-grain weight and yield of side line and inner line were investigated in six wheat varieties to study the marginal superiority and select suitable wheat varieties intercropped with cotton.The results showed that Xingmai No.4had obvious marginal superiority with the yield of 6 919.0 kg/hm2,so it was the suitable variety for wheat-cotton intercropping system.

Property of Dual-purposed Maca Powder as Medicine and Food

[Objective] The aim was to research property of maca and three plants＇ powders and process parameters of compound maca direct compression. [Method] Based on analysis data from SAS, bulk density, tap density, angle of repose and swelling of powders were studied as per single factor method and orthogonal exper- imental design. [Result] The test indicated that fillibilities of plant A and B, and maca powders are better and flowability plays an important role in fractional close of compound maca powder; plant A and B powders have a significant effect on bulk density of maca （P=0.0125）, an extremely significant effect on swelling volume ratio （P=0.008 9） and little effect on tap density （g/ml）; the optimal process condition of compound maca powder is as follows： A at 0.15 share; B at 0.10 share; C at 0.05 share; the optimal swelling volume ratio is at 2.459. [Conclusion] The technology is reasonable in formulation and satisfactory in fillibility, swelling ability, flowability, and it could serve as theoretical basis for the industrial production of maca tablets.

Issues in Freeze Drying of Aqueous Solutions

Freeze drying or lyophilization of aqueous solutions is widely used in pharmaceutical industry. The in-creased importance Of the process is gaining a worldwide interest of research. A growing body of literature has demonstrated that the scientific approach can result in improved product quality with minimum trial and error em-piricism. Formulation and process development need a systematical understanding of the physical chemistry of freezing and freeze drying, material science and mechanisms of heat and mass transfer. This paper presents an overview on freeze ding of aqueous solutions based on publications in the past few decades. The important issuesof the process are analyzed.

Enhanced production of glycyrrhetic acid 3-O-mono-β-D-glucuronide by fed-batch fermentation using p H and dissolved oxygen as feedback parameters

Glycyrrhetic acid 3-O-mono-β-D-glucuronide （GAMG）, the major functional ingredient in licorice, has widespread applications in food, pharmacy and cosmetics industry. The production of GAMG through Penicillium purpurogenum Li-3 cultivation was for the first time performed through both batch and fed-batch processes in bioreactors. In batch process, under optimal conditions （pH 5.0, temperature 32℃, agitation speed 100 r. rain 1）, 3.55 g. L^-1 GAMG was obtained in a 2.5 L fermentor. To further enhance GAMG production, a fine fed-batch process was developed by using pH and DO as feedback parameters. Starting from 48 h, 100 m190 g-L 1 substrate Glycyrrhizin （GL） was fed each time when pH increased to above 5.0 and DO was increased to above 80%. This strategy can significantly enhance GAMG production： the achieved GL conversion was 95.34% with GAMG yield of 95.15%, and GAMG concentration was 16.62 g. L^-1 which was 5 times higher than that of batch. Then, a two-step separation strat- egy was established to separate GAMG from fermentation broth by crude extraction of 15 ml column packed with D10I resin followed by fine purification with preparative C18 chromatography. The obtained GAMG purity was 95.79%. This study provides a new insight into the industrial bioprocess of high-level GAMG production.

Mechanical behavior and failure analysis of brittle sandstone specimens containing combined flaws under uniaxial compression

Based on the axial stress-axial strain curves,the effect of fissure angle on the strength and deformation behavior of sandstone specimens containing combined flaws is analyzed.The mechanical parameters of sandstone specimens containing combined flaws are all lower than that of intact specimen,but the reduction extent is distinctly related to the fissure angle.The results of sandstone specimens containing combined flaws are obtained by the acoustic emission,which can be used to monitor the crack initiation and propagation.The ultimate failure mode and crack coalescence behavior are evaluated for brittle sandstone specimens containing combined flaws.Nine different crack types are identified on the basis of their geometry and crack coalescence mechanism(tensile crack,hole collapse,far-field crack and surface spalling)for combined flaws.The photographic monitoring was also adopted for uniaxial compression test in order to confirm the sequence of crack coalescence in brittle sandstone specimens containing combined flaws,which recorded the real-time crack coalescence process during entire deformation.According to the monitored results,the effect of crack coalescence process on the strength and deformation behavior is investigated based on a detailed analysis for brittle sandstone specimens containing combined flaws by using digital photogrammetry.

Research on the Mechanism of Retail Strategy Influencing Consumer Behavior Intention——Based on Empirical Analysis of Domestic Luxury Cosmetics Brands

This is a research on the mechanism of retail strategy mix and consumer behavior intention,and psychological impact on consumer attitude, consumer purchase decision-making model and its components are conducted firstly. Next, retail strategy, merchandise strategy, and store strategy, contained in the retail management theory, are adopted as other important variables to measure the impact on consumer attitudes. And then, the key factors of retail strategy mix are identified by means of Focus Group (FG). In addition, the hypothetical model of retail strategy mix and consumer behavior intention for domestic luxury cosmetic brands is established to understand the relationship between the two factors. Finally, empirical researches are conducted on consumers and retailers of luxury cosmetics brands. And some advice are given on retail strategy mix's influence on the consumer behavior intentions, aiming to enlighten domestic luxury cosmetic enterprises to improve performance by the integrated use of retail strategy mix.

Task Decomposition Technique's Deduction and Application of Product Developing Process in Concurrent Engineering

Task decomposition is a kind of powerful technique increasingly being used within industry as a pathway for achieving product's developing success. In this paper, topology's concept in modern mathematics is used for task decomposition technique's deduction in product developing process. It puts fonvard the views of resolvability, measurability and connectivity of tasks and their practi-cal principles. Combined with an example of developing the typical mechanical product, it ex-plains the implementing method of task decomposition in Concurrent Engineering (CE).

Technical Approaches and in-vitro Evaluation Methods for Scalp Care

Scalp care is important in maintaining good conditions of scalp and hair. Key technical approaches for scalp care include reducing the chance of scalp inflammation, improving scalp defense, and activating hair follicle cells. As the cosmetics industry is moving toward to alternative methods to animal testing based on the 3 Rs(Replacement, Reduction and Refinement), in vitro methods will be widely used to evaluate the effects of scalp care. In this paper, we describe the detailed technical approaches for scalp care and the in vitro evaluation methods for skin irritation, anti-inflammation, barrier function, blood circulation, hair growth and male pattern hair loss prevention, respectively.

Research on the Ritual of Sharing Sacrificial Food

Sharing sacrificial food refers to the behavior that believers share the food that has been used as sacrificial oblations This is one of the links of sacrificial rituals and has religious significance. This ritualistic behavior can be traced back to the era when people make a living by hunting. Nowadays, such a behavior still exists in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and is also regarded as one of the ways to get blessings.

Triaxial mechanical creep behavior of sandstone

Based on laboratory results of time-dependent mechanical behavior tests,we investigated short-term and mechanical creep behavior of sandstone,observed in conventional triaxial compression experiments at room temperature,using a servo-controlled rheology testing machine.Given our short-term experimental test results,we confirmed deviatoric creep stress levels of sandstone.Multiple deviatoric stress levels were applied in steps to each sample.Each deviatoric stress level before the final failed deviatoric stress was maintained for 48 h or longer.Time-dependent variations of axial strains of sandstone samples are discussed and evaluated.During the creep tests,complete tertiary creep curves of sandstone were observed under failed deviatoric stress levels with different confining pressures.Slices of coal in sandstone samples can lead to distinct tertiary creep deformation failure.

VPLS Based Quality and Cost Control for Tennessee Eastman Process

Product quality and operation cost control obtain increasing emphases in modern chemical system engineering. To improve the fault detection power of the partial least square (PLS) method for quality control, a new QRPV statistic is proposed in terms of the VP (variable importance in projection) indices of monitored process variables, which is significantly advanced over and different from the conventional Q statistic. QRPV is calculated only by the residuals of the remarkable process variables (RPVs). Therefore, it is the dominant relation between quality and RPV not all process variables (as in the case of the conventional PLS) that is monitored by this new VP-PLS (VPLS) method. The combination of QRPV and T2 statistics is applied to the quality and cost control of the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process, and weak faults can be detected as quickly as possible. Consequently, the product quality of TE process is guaranteed and operation costs are reduced.

Strength and deformation behaviors of bedded rock mass under bolt reinforcement

The mechanism of bolt support is an important topic in mining engineering and slope treatment. The artificial material and loading system were self-developed to study the influence of bedding cohesion and bolt number on the anchoring behavior of bedded rock mass. The results show that, both peak strength and elasticity modulus increase gradually with the increase of bedding cohesion and bolt number. The axial stress–strain curve of bedded rock mass under the reinforcement of bolts presents the features of strain-softening and secondary strengthening. Finally, anchoring behavior of bedded rock mass with different bolt numbers was simulated by using FLAC3 D numerical program and the results were compared with the experimental results. This study can provide certain bases to the stability control and support design of bedded rock mass in roadway.

Integrated Product and Process Control for Sustainable Semiconductor Manufacturing

Semiconductor fabrication is a manufacturing sequence with hundreds of sophisticated unit operations and it is always challenged by strategy development for ensuring the yield of defect-free products.In this paper,an advanced control strategy through integrating product and process control is established.The proposed multiscale scheme contains three layers for coordinated equipment control,process control and product quality control.In the upper layer,online control performance assessment is applied to reduce the quality variation and maximize the overall product performance （OPP）.It serves as supervisory control to update the recipe of the process controller in the middle layer.The process controller is designed as an exponentially weighted moving average （EWMA） run-to-run controller to reject disturbances,such as process shift,drift and tool worn out,that are exerted to the op-eration.The equipment in the process is individually controlled to maintain its optimal operational status and maximize the overall equipment effectiveness （OEE）,based on the set point given by the process controller.The ef-ficacy of the proposed integrated control scheme is demonstrated through case studies,where both the OPP （for product） and the OEE （for equipment） are enhanced.

Effect of Season, Location, Cultivar and Spacing on Yield and Quality of Sugarcane in Western Kenya

In Kenya almost all sugarcane grown is under rainfall conditions that are planted in different locations during both long and short rainy seasons. Effect of season, location, cultivar and spacing on yield and quality of sugarcane is not clearly understood. The research was conducted at Kibos and Mumias to determine if the yields and quality of three sugarcane cultivars were affected by season, location and row spacing. Cultivars CO 945, EAK 73-335 and KEN 83-737 were manually planted during June and September in 2011. The trial was laid out as split-split plot arranged in a randomized complete block design （RCBD） replicated three times. Data collected at harvest, 17 months after planting （MAP） including cane yields, cane yield components and cane quality. The results revealed that cane length differed significantly between June and September. Stalk population and cane yields were significantly more at Mumias compared to Kibos. Cultivar EAK 73-335 showed significantly more cane yield （t/ha） than KEN 83-737 and CO 945. Both row spacing 1.2 m and 1.5 m did not affect cane yields. Brix%, Sucrose% and Purity% differed significantly between cultivars. The relationship between cane yield and stalk population was positive and significant, which indicated stalk population is a strong determinant of cane yield. The results showed that cane yield was significantly affected by location and cane quality by cultivars. Therefore Mumias is a better zone for sugarcane cultivation for both June and September seasons compared to Kibos.

Behavior of phenol adsorption on thermal modified activated carbon

Adsorption process is acknowledged as an effective option for phenolic wastewater treatment. In this work, the activated carbon （AC） samples after thermal modification were prepared by using muffle furnace. The phenol ad- sorption kinetics and equilibrium measurements were carried out under static conditions at temperature ranging from 25 to 55 ~C. The test results show that the thermal modification can enhance phenol adsorption on AC samples. The porous structure and surface chemistry analyses indicate that the decay in pore morphology and decrease of total oxygen-containing functional groups are found for the thermal modified AC samples. Thus, it can be further inferred that the decrease of total oxygen-containing functional groups on the modified AC sam- ples is the main reason for the enhanced phenol adsorption capacity. For both the raw sample and the optimum modified AC sample at 900 ~C, the pseudo-second order kinetics and Langmuir models are found to fit the exper- imental data very well. The maximum phenol adsorption capacity of the optimum modified AC sample can reach 144,93 mg.g ~ which is higher than that of the raw sample, i.e. 119.53 mg.g 1. Adsorption thermodynamics analysis confirms that the phenol adsorption on the optimum modified AC sample is an exothermic process and mainly via physical adsorption.

Sensory Evaluation of Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose (HEC) in Facial Mask

An equipment test and sensory evaluation were conducted to identify the compatibility and sensory characteristics of HEC in facial masks. These results were then compared to xanthan gum usage. The equipment test results showed that HEC promoted proper tensile capacity in masks which are made from strong structured fabrics such as medium thick, thick and cross woven & homogenous thin mask fabrics. HEC was found to be more compatible with mask fabrics than xanthan gum. HEC improved mask softness and dampness and had an improved water binding and water retention ability compared to xanthan gum. The split face sensory evaluation results demonstrated that sheet masks containing HEC had improved adhesion and lubricity, provided more moisture to the skin, better elasticity and gloss after use and took longer to dry out. Overall, the panel preferred facial masks which contain HEC.