求解非标准形式指派问题的行调整法

文章将矩阵中独立零元素的概念推广到列独立零元素,并引进行容量和行调整的概念,从而将求解标准形式指派问题的"匈牙利法"推广到求解非标准形式指派问题的行调整法。给出了具体的算例。

Uplink capacity analysis of single-user SA-MIMO system

A novel framework of which combines smart antennas multiple antenna systems, （SA） with multiple-input multiple-output （MIMO） at the receiver, is proposed. The uplink SA-MIMO system is investigated. The joint optimization problem corresponding to the uplink capacity of the single-user SA-MIMO system is deduced. Then the closedform expression of the capacity is obtained in the case of equal power allocation and the same direction-of-arrivals （DOAs） from different transmit antennas at the same antenna array, and an upper bound of the capacity is also given in the case of different DOAs at the same antenna array. After that, for the general case, a suboptimal method for the capacity optimization problem is presented. Some numerical results are also given to compare the capacities of conventional MIMO and SA-MIMO systems and show that the proposed method is viable.

Model Recognition of Astronauts Blood Flow Change Under Sustained +Gz Acceleration

Aim Using animals as object of experiment to acquire various patterns of low cerebral blood pressure and reduced blood capacity in cerebral tissues of astronauts due to the load of acceleration. Methods The isotope tracking technique was applied to mark the blood and record the dynamic curves of cerebral blood flow changes under various accelerations, and the relevant mathematical model was set up using the method of system recognition. Also the method of factor analyzing was used to select two out of the data collected by eight sensors as two factors. Results One of the two factors reflects the various patterns in the astronaut's upper body, the other for the lower body. Parameters of rise time, delay time and steady value reflect the results under different acceleration. Conclusion Whether for the upper body or the lower body, blood flow changes can be considered as a second order system model. This method provides a new technique and method of doing research on astronaut's endurance of acceleration and selecting astronauts.

Integrated reliability of travel time and capacity of urban road network under ice and snowfall conditions

In order to evaluate and integrate travel time reliability and capacity reliability of a road network subjected to ice and snowfall conditions,the conceptions of travel time reliability and capacity reliability were defined under special conditions.The link travel time model(ice and snowfall based-bureau public road,ISB-BPR) and the path choice decision model(elastic demand user equilibrium,EDUE) were proposed.The integrated reliability was defined and the model was set up.Monte Carlo simulation was used to calculate the model and a numerical example was provided to demonstrate the application of the model and efficiency of the solution algorithm.The results show that the intensity of ice and snowfall,the traffic demand and supply,and the requirements for level of service(LOS) have great influence on the reliability of a road network.For example,the reliability drops from 65% to 5% when the traffic demand increases by 30%.The comprehensive performance index may be used for network planning,design and maintenance.

Temperature-dependent aggregation of bio-surfactants in aqueous solutions of galactose and lactose:Volumetric and viscometric approach

Modulation in the aggregation behavior of bio-surfactants （bile salts）, sodium cholate （NaC） and sodium deoxycholate （NaDC） in aqueous solutions of carbohydrates （galactose and lactose） have been investigated by measuring the density （ρ）, speed of sound （u） and viscosity （η） of the mixtures at different temperatures 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K. The density and speed of sound data have been used to calculate various volumetric and compressibility parameters such as apparent molar volume （Vφ）, isentropic compressibil- ity （κs）, apparent molar adiabatic compression （κs,φ） to get a better insight into the micellization mechanism of bile salts. Further, the viscosity data have been studied in the light of relative viscosity （ηr） and viscous relaxation time （τ）. Some derived parameters such as free volume （νf）, internal pressure （πi） and molar cohesive energy （MCE） of NaC and NaDC in aqueous solution of saccharides have also been calculated from viscosity data in con- junction with density and speed of sound values. All the calculated and derived parameters provide qualitative information regarding the nature of interactions i.e. solute-solute, solute-solvent and solvent-solvent in the solution.

The Finite Element Analysis for Parallel-wire Capacitance Probe in Small Diameter Two-phase Flow Pipe

This paper presents a novel capacitance probe, i.e., paraUel-wire capacitance probe （PWCP）, for two-phase flow measurement. Using finite element method （FEM）, the sensitivity field of the PWCP is investigated and the optimum sensor geometry is determiend in term of the characterisitc parameters. Then, the response of PWCP for the oil-water stratified flow is calculated, and it is found the PWCP has better linearity and sensitivity to the variation of water-layer thickness, and is almost independant of the angle between the oil-water interface and the sensor electrode. Finally, the static experiment for oil-water stratified flow is carried out and the calibration method of liquid holdup is presented.

Mathematical Model of Electric Vehicle Power Consumption for Traveling and Air-Conditioning

In order to make maximum use of the EV （electric vehicle） battery, evaluating the remaining battery capacity and the power consumption is important. Evaluation method of the remaining battery capacity with accuracy has been proposed. Moreover, the evaluation method of the power consumption for traveling has been proposed. However, the power consumption for vehicle-mounted air-conditioner is 30%. It is necessary to calculate the power consumption for both traveling and air-conditioning. In this paper, the authors have constructed a mathematical model which calculates the EV power consumption for both traveling and air-conditioning. The calculated results of this model have been compared to actual traveling data. In addition, factors which have a impact on the EV power consumption have been studied. As a result, the EV power consumption is greately varied by slope resistance, acceleration resistance and required air-conditioning load. Moreover, it is clarified that the air-conditioner consumes approximately 25% to 50% of the total power consumption in a hot summer day. In addition, the acceleration and the air-conditioning load differ depending on each vehicle driver. Therefore, in order to evaluate the EV power consumption practically, it is necessary to reflect the characteristics of each vehicle driver.

Information content of index inclusions： Evidence from China

This paper examines whether index inclusion has information content and the downward-sloping demand curve hypothesis in China. We investigate the stock price and volume effects when stocks are included in two major stock indexes, the Shanghai Stock Exchange 30 Index （SH30） and the Shenzhen Component 40 Index （SZ40）. Furthermore, we also study the performance changes after index inclusion. We find significant price and volume increases for the stocks selected by the SH30 when the index was created and announced. Thus, the original inclusion may not be an information-free event. For subsequent index inclusions, we observe significant abnormal returns but not abnormal trade volume around the announcement date. However, the stock returns quickly reversed at the post-announcement period. Moreover, the financial performance of index included firms does not improve. The evidence does not support the price pressure hypothesis in China.

Fertcel Clinoptilolite Natural Product to Optimize the Fertilization and Reduce Environmental Pollution

The shortages of chemical fertilizers in Cuba in 90s caused the introduction of different research results obtained on this time for the implementation of natural zeolites in the fertilizer industry. It＇s known as the high capacity of cation exchange of the natural Cuban clinoptilolite, which contributes to reducing nutrient losses, such as ammonia, and keeping the potassium and phosphorus cations available. Extensive tests were done on the field with the objective to evaluate the agronomic effect of incorporating this mineral in fertilizer. The results obtained in this experiment contributed to almost all Cuban chemical fertilizers, which has been incorporated around 15%-20% of natural zeolite clinoptilolite in its composition by Cuban agriculture consumes, reducing the chemical carriers of the fertilizers and decreasing the contamination of the environment. Also this mineral contributes for increases in agricultural income more than 15% in all cases; additionally, a trend can be observed towards gradual recovery of some soil fertility indicators, in which the chemical fertilizers with Fertcel was applied.

Reader Management and Coordination Component based on Rfid

RFID has the advantages of waterproof, antimagnetic, heat resistance, long service life, great reading distance, encrypting data on label, greater capacity of storing data and free modification on stored information compared with bar code. Applying it brings revolutionary change to the retail and logistics industry. Selecting technology to manage RFID and selecting strategy to coordinate RFID is very important to promote the application of RFID. The paper implements RFtD management system, ALE engine and data processing components, and expounds the technique and details implementing the system.

A Nodal Electricity Market Design Based on Regulated Access to Transmission Network

Accomodation of power system constraints with the market mechanism is encountered as a major challenge along the way toward implementation of different electricity market designs. Allocation of fixe or flow-dependent inter-zone trading capacities by the PX （power exchange） can not be accepted unreservedly. The paper is meant to show that a nodal electricity market design that is based on bids for local energy and a regulated transmission access including allocation of ＂entry-exit＂ transmission capacity would be the desired solution. The market players could easily optimize their portfolio while the TSOs （transmission system operators） are requested to mobilize the network＇s in-built flexibility to increase the cross zonal capacity. In the proposed market design, the PX＇s allocation of trading capacity is clearly separate from the TSO＇s management of the power system operational constraint5. Clear operator roles would enlarge access to electricity market as well as market integration of variable RESs （renewable energy sources） that are critically dependent on short notice access to regionat markets,

No association between brain size and male sexual behavior in the guppy

Animal behavior is remarkably variable at all taxonomic levels. Over the last decades, research on animal behavior has focused on understanding ultimate processes. Yet, it has progressively become more evident that to fully understand beha- vioral variation, ultimate explanations need to be complemented with proximate ones. In particular, the mechanisms generating variation in sexual behavior remain an open question. Variation in aspects of brain morphology has been suggested as a plausible mechanism underlying this variation. However, our knowledge of this potential association is based almost exclusively on com- parative analyses. Experimental studies are needed to establish causality and bridge the gap between micro- and macroevolutio- nary mechanisms concerning the link between brain and sexual behavior. We used male guppies that had been artificially selected for large or small relative brain size to study this association. We paired males with females and scored the full known set of male and female sexual behaviors described in guppies. We found several previously demonstrated associations between male traits, male behavior and female behavior. Females responded more strongly towards males that courted more and males with more orange coloration. Also, larger males and males with less conspicuous coloration attempted more coerced copulations. However, courting, frequency of coerced copulation attempts, total intensity of sexual behavior, and female response did not differ between large- and small-brained males. Our data suggest that relative brain size is an unlikely mechanism underlying variation in sexual behavior of the male guppy. We discuss these findings in the context of the conditions under which relative brain size might affect male sexual behavior .

Effect of electrostatic tractions on the fracture behavior of a dielectric material under mechanical and/or electric loading

The effect of electrostatic tractions on the fracture behavior of a dielectric material under mechanical and/or electric loading is analyzed,by studying a pre-cracked parallel-plate capacitor,and illustrated by plots.The results indicate that electrostatic tractions on the electrodes compress the material in front of the crack tip,while electrostatic tractions on the crack faces have the tendency to close the crack and stretch the material behind the crack tip.Mechanical load is the driving force to propagate the crack,while applied electric field retards crack propagation due to the electrostatic tractions.As a direct consequence,the fracture criterion is composed of two parts:the energy release rate must exceed a critical value and the mechanical load must be higher than the critical value for crack opening.