物象信体与意义建构——惠能的“于相”“离相”与“无相”

衣钵,是佛教传法的一个重要象征物。来到异文化之地传法的禅宗初祖达摩,为使禅宗传法有个“信体”,不得不“于相”,借助于衣钵这一“外相”,作为法脉正宗的一个物象符号。但物象一旦与权力或名利挂钩,即使佛门也会起争端,甚至起杀心。所以惠能得到真传的衣钵后,几番遗弃这个作为法脉正宗的“信体”,人人追索的法衣宝钵。他试图通过对“外相”的抽离(“离相”),抛弃阻碍“悟入”的迷心之障,不假外物,“以心传心”,进入觉知“本来真性”的境界,从而进入“无相”之道———领悟关于生命意义、社会规律和世界真相。

Nwomu： Hand-Made Embroidery Technique in Asanteland

The study sought to investigate the historical background of the traditional hand-made embroidery technique, the production process, and its changing trends amongst the Asantes of Ghana. Interview and observation were used in collecting the needed data at selected craft centres in the Kwabre East District, Ejisu-Juaben municipality, Kumasi sub-metro and metropolitan in the Ashanti region of Ghana. The study employed both descriptive and experimental research methods based on the qualitative research approach. It was revealed that Kente and Adinkra enjoy wide reputation and therefore are considered as prestigious clothes. However, Nwomu cloth does not have this fame, only indigenes understand its usage and the philosophy behind its production. In view of this, it is recommended that the elders who are endowed with this unique craft must open their doors to the youth to learn the craft.

Salubrinal protects against tunicamycin and hypoxia induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via the PERK-eIF2a signaling pathway

Objectives This study examined the protective effect of salubrinal and the mechanism underlying this protection against tunicamycin （TM）- and hypoxia-induced apoptosis in rat cardiomyocytes. Methods Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were cultured from the ventricles of l-day-old Wistar rats. Cells were exposed to different concentrations of salubrinal （10, 20, and 40 gmol/L） for 30 min followed by TM treatment or hypoxia for 36 h. Apoptosis was measured by a multiparameter HCS （high content screening） apoptosis assay, TUNEL assay and flow cytometry. The phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha （eIF2c0 and the expression of cleaved caspase-12 were determined by Western blotting. C/EBP homologous protein （CHOP） was detected by immunocytochemistry. Results HCS, TUNEL assays and flow cytometry showed that salubrinal protected cardiomyocytes against apoptosis induced by TM or hypoxia. Western blotting showed that salubrinal protected cardiomyocytes against apoptosis by inducing eIF2ct phosphorylation and down-regulating the expression of the endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptotic proteins, CHOP and cleaved caspase-12. Conclusions Our study suggests that salubrinal protects rat cardiomyocytes against TM- or hypoxia-associated apoptosis via a mechanism involving the inhibition of ER stress-mediated apoptosis.

Expression of Outer Capsid Protein VP5 of Grass Carp Reovirus in E.coli and Analysis of its Immunogenicity

Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) is a tentative member of the Aquareovirus genus in the family Reoviridae. The mature virion comprises 11 dsRNA genomes enclosed by two concentric icosahedral proteins shells that is comprised of five core proteins and two outer capsid proteins. The genome sequence and 3D structure demonstrate there is a higher level of sequence homology in structural proteins between GCRV and mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRV) compared to other members of the family. To understand the pathogenesis of GCRV infection, the outer capsid protein VP5, a homology of the μ1 protein of MRV, was expressed in E.coli. It was found that the recombinant VP5 was highly expressed, and the expressed His-tag fusion protein was involved in the formation of the inclusion body. Additionally, specific anti-VP5 serum was prepared from purified protein and western blot demonstrated that the expressed protein was able to bind immunologically to rabbit anti GCRV particle serum and the immunogenicity was determined by ELISA assay. Additional experiments in investigating the functional properties of VP5 will further elucidate the role of the GCRV outer capsid protein VP5 during entry into host cells, and its interaction among viral proteins and host cells during the infection process.

A study on recycling of discarded garments based on the seller＇ s responsibility for recycling

By the closed-loop supply chain responsibility model, analysis the condition of seller taking the responslblhty for recychng of discarded clothes and derived utility of recycling by UNIQLO. The author thinks that the best choice is to recycle by seller. At present, it should be encouraged that seller, who are at dominant position in the supply chain, to carry out recycling old clothing so as to lead the other members in the supply chain to participate in recycling. Meanwhile, establish the corresponding legal provisions for the recycling of discarded clothing.

Study of Un-added Allowance of Draping-PIanar Designing Garment Prototype for Young Ladies

As for the theory and method in garment structural design according to human figures,a principle for garment design,i.e.body-fitting without added allowance,and a combination of draping and planar design (DPD hereunder) for young ladies has been put forward,and,also,a DPD garment prototype for them has been established.And the applied formulae for extensively-practicing operation have been set up,which proves to be,with actual samples,a systematic and practical garment structural designing theory and approach.

Removal of VOCs from Sudden Polluted Raw Water by Air Stripping

Volatile organic compounds （VOCs） are widely used in various industrial processes and generate water pollutions. VOCs removal from raw water is an important task for waterworks to guarantee drinking water security. The removal of VOCs such as chlorobenzene （CB） and ethylbenzene （EB） from raw water by air stripping was investigated under various conditions, inciuding the variation of temperature （5-30~C）, pH （3.5-10.5）, and air/water ratio （10-60）. The air stripping removal efficiency of VOCs decreased with VOCs concentration declining in water. And Henry＇s law constant was demonstrated as an indicator of the estimation of VOCs removal efficiency for air stripping. The effects of temperature and the ratio of air and water were found to play a great role in VOCs removal, but the effect of pH seemed to be negligible. This study demonstrates that air stripping provides a promising opportunity in removing VOCs in drinking water treatment, especially for the relatively high concentration of VOCs.

Well-suited Mini Washing Machine and Its Standards Application

The paper introduces the characteristics of a new type washing machine (mini washing machine) and analyzes the global problems solved by mini washing machines from the perspective of meeting different consumers'needs. On the basis of current performance specifications of IEC 60456, it explains how to improve the performance test method of mini washing machine in details, and points out the direction of standards research and test improvement. Meanwhile, the author briefs about other new type washing machines and the developmental trend of washing machines.