Thesaurus-based approach for building domain ontology with a case study of military aircraft prototype ontology construction

To alleviate the amount of work involved in constructing a domain ontology, starting with the base of an existing terminological-rich thesaurus is better than starting from scratch. With a case study of reengineering the Defense Science and Technology Thesaurus into a prototype military aircraft ontology, a four-phase thesaurus-based methodology is introduced and investigated, which consists of identifying the application purpose, overall design, designing in detail and evaluation. Designing in detail is the core step, converting the terms and semantic relationships of the thesaurus into an ontology and supplementing richer semantic relationships. The resulting prototype ontology includes 87 concepts and 34 relationships, and can be extended and scaled up to a full-fledged domain ontology in the future. Eight universal genres of relationships of this ontology are preliminarily summarized and analyzed, including equivalent relationships, approximate relationships, generic/abstract relationships, part/whole relationships, cause/effect relationships, entity/location relationships etc., and the normalization of semantic relationships is critical to the merging and reusing of follow-up multiple ontologies.

对比研究方法论的探讨——关于汉日语对比研究

对比语言学是语言学中的一个分支,目的是通过对两种或两种以上的语言进行共时的对比研究,描述它们之间的异同,并将这种研究应用于其他有关领域。语言是一个体系,某个形式的概念往往是功能范围,在体系中表现为动态和静态两个方面。因此,在进行静态意义的对比时,需要注意动态的功能变化。汉日语对比研究经常采用两种模式,最好的办法是采用双向对比,综合使用两种模式,找出对比双方的功能交叉点。随着近年来汉日语对比研究的兴盛,研究成果非常显著。应当积极地把对比研究成果应用到外语教学中去。