目的提高45钢的表面完整性,研究超声表面滚压加工(Ultrasonic Surface Rolling Processing,USRP)技术对45钢微观梯度结构和力学性能的影响。方法通过USRP技术,在材料表层制备出微观梯度结构,并对试样梯度结构组织进行金相、SEM、EBSD、...目的提高45钢的表面完整性,研究超声表面滚压加工(Ultrasonic Surface Rolling Processing,USRP)技术对45钢微观梯度结构和力学性能的影响。方法通过USRP技术,在材料表层制备出微观梯度结构,并对试样梯度结构组织进行金相、SEM、EBSD、表面粗糙度以及显微硬度分析。最后,考虑到尺度效应的影响,采用应变梯度理论修正的仪器化压痕法,对试样表层组织的梯度力学性能进行分析。结果试样表层形成120μm厚的取向各异的细小晶粒组织,晶粒尺寸形成了梯度变化,距离表层10μm区域内的平均晶粒尺寸可以达到360 nm。材料表层组织的大小角度晶界数量明显增多,且随加工遍数的增加而明显增加。试样的表面粗糙度降低至纳米级,比原始粗糙度降低了96.7%,表面显微硬度提高了55.1%。根据塑性变形程度,将表层微结构分为强变形区、微变形区和未影响区3个区域。强变形区、微变形区的厚度随着处理遍数的增加而增加,塑性变形层厚度最高达320μm。结论试样表层形成了一定厚度的细小晶粒组织,试样表面粗糙度和显微硬度均有明显改善。试样表层的弹性和塑性性能均体现出明显的梯度变化,其中弹性模量提高了1.67倍,屈服强度提高了83.3%,加工硬化指数降低了68.3%,在改善材料的抗疲劳和腐蚀性能方面十分有效。展开更多
This paper presents a new electromagnetic functional material developed byelectron-less nickel deposition technique, with a single hollow micro-sphere as the core templateand a thin nickel layer as the shell. The micr...This paper presents a new electromagnetic functional material developed byelectron-less nickel deposition technique, with a single hollow micro-sphere as the core templateand a thin nickel layer as the shell. The micrograph taken by a scanning electron microscope showsthe microstructures of the materials in detail. Scattering parameters of the waveguide sample holderfilled with the materials have been obtained over X band. The electromagnetic parameters computedfrom the measured S parameters show that the material with metallic hollow spheres has as highrelative permeability μ'_r as 19.0 with about 0.6 magnetic loss tangent over the whole bandwidth.Compared to the material with non-metallic spheres, the permeability μ'_r and the magnetic losstangent μ'_r increase greatly, while the permittivity remains lower than 1.8.展开更多
[Objective]The experiment aimed to explore a new way for observing surface structure of Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing. [Method] The scanning electron microscope was used to observe the epidermal ultrastructure of wild an...[Objective]The experiment aimed to explore a new way for observing surface structure of Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing. [Method] The scanning electron microscope was used to observe the epidermal ultrastructure of wild and cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing. [ Result] The epidermis of wild and cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing showed mixture structure of fibril colloid which was reticular arranged. The difference between wild and cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing was that the outer epidermis of cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing had trichome distribution but the wild Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing did not has such distribution. The obsevation results of under smaller than 10 μm by scanning electron microscope was touched thick and showed many folds and distortions. [ Conclusion] The scanning electron microscope was an effective way to study development of Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing colony and it was worth popularizing.展开更多
FePt granular films were prepared by direct current facing-target magnetron sputtering system onto glass substrates and subsequently in-situ annealed in vacuum. Vibrating sample magnetometer, X-ray diffraction and sca...FePt granular films were prepared by direct current facing-target magnetron sputtering system onto glass substrates and subsequently in-situ annealed in vacuum. Vibrating sample magnetometer, X-ray diffraction and scanning probe microscope were applied to study the magnetic properties, microstructures, morphologies and domain structures of the samples. （FePt）27Ti73 bilayer films were fabricated at various conditions to investigate the effect of Ti on FePt grains. The results show that without Ti matrix layer, FePt films deposited onto the glass substrates are fcc disordered; with addition of Ti matrix layer, FePt/Ti films form a ternary （FePt）27Ti73 alloy possessing fcc and L10 （111） mixed texture. FePt/（FePt）27Ti73 films with perfectly ordered L10（111） structure and unique magnetic properties can be obtained at Ti thickness of 35nm and substrate temperature of 250℃. The maximum coercivity is more than 240kA/m and the squareness ratio is more than 0.9. The obtained results suggest that the granular FePt/（FePt）27Ti73 films can be applicable to ultrahigh-density magnetic recording media.展开更多
Quantitative correlation between the critical impact velocity of droplet and geometry of superhydrophobic surfaces with microstructures is systematically studied.Experimental data shows that the critical impact veloci...Quantitative correlation between the critical impact velocity of droplet and geometry of superhydrophobic surfaces with microstructures is systematically studied.Experimental data shows that the critical impact velocity induced wetting transition of droplet on the superhydrophobic surfaces is strongly determined by the perimeter of single micropillar,the space between the repeat pillars and the advancing contact angle of the sidewall of the micropillars.The proposed model agrees well with the experimental results,and clarifies that the underlying mechanism which is responsible for the superhydrophobic surface with hierarchical roughness could sustain a higher liquid pressure than the surfaces with microstructures.展开更多
文摘目的提高45钢的表面完整性,研究超声表面滚压加工(Ultrasonic Surface Rolling Processing,USRP)技术对45钢微观梯度结构和力学性能的影响。方法通过USRP技术,在材料表层制备出微观梯度结构,并对试样梯度结构组织进行金相、SEM、EBSD、表面粗糙度以及显微硬度分析。最后,考虑到尺度效应的影响,采用应变梯度理论修正的仪器化压痕法,对试样表层组织的梯度力学性能进行分析。结果试样表层形成120μm厚的取向各异的细小晶粒组织,晶粒尺寸形成了梯度变化,距离表层10μm区域内的平均晶粒尺寸可以达到360 nm。材料表层组织的大小角度晶界数量明显增多,且随加工遍数的增加而明显增加。试样的表面粗糙度降低至纳米级,比原始粗糙度降低了96.7%,表面显微硬度提高了55.1%。根据塑性变形程度,将表层微结构分为强变形区、微变形区和未影响区3个区域。强变形区、微变形区的厚度随着处理遍数的增加而增加,塑性变形层厚度最高达320μm。结论试样表层形成了一定厚度的细小晶粒组织,试样表面粗糙度和显微硬度均有明显改善。试样表层的弹性和塑性性能均体现出明显的梯度变化,其中弹性模量提高了1.67倍,屈服强度提高了83.3%,加工硬化指数降低了68.3%,在改善材料的抗疲劳和腐蚀性能方面十分有效。
文摘This paper presents a new electromagnetic functional material developed byelectron-less nickel deposition technique, with a single hollow micro-sphere as the core templateand a thin nickel layer as the shell. The micrograph taken by a scanning electron microscope showsthe microstructures of the materials in detail. Scattering parameters of the waveguide sample holderfilled with the materials have been obtained over X band. The electromagnetic parameters computedfrom the measured S parameters show that the material with metallic hollow spheres has as highrelative permeability μ'_r as 19.0 with about 0.6 magnetic loss tangent over the whole bandwidth.Compared to the material with non-metallic spheres, the permeability μ'_r and the magnetic losstangent μ'_r increase greatly, while the permittivity remains lower than 1.8.
文摘[Objective]The experiment aimed to explore a new way for observing surface structure of Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing. [Method] The scanning electron microscope was used to observe the epidermal ultrastructure of wild and cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing. [ Result] The epidermis of wild and cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing showed mixture structure of fibril colloid which was reticular arranged. The difference between wild and cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing was that the outer epidermis of cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing had trichome distribution but the wild Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing did not has such distribution. The obsevation results of under smaller than 10 μm by scanning electron microscope was touched thick and showed many folds and distortions. [ Conclusion] The scanning electron microscope was an effective way to study development of Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing colony and it was worth popularizing.
基金Project(10274018) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China project(Z200102) supported the KeyFoundation of Hebei Normal University project(2002116) supported the Foundation Education Department of of Hebei Provin
文摘FePt granular films were prepared by direct current facing-target magnetron sputtering system onto glass substrates and subsequently in-situ annealed in vacuum. Vibrating sample magnetometer, X-ray diffraction and scanning probe microscope were applied to study the magnetic properties, microstructures, morphologies and domain structures of the samples. （FePt）27Ti73 bilayer films were fabricated at various conditions to investigate the effect of Ti on FePt grains. The results show that without Ti matrix layer, FePt films deposited onto the glass substrates are fcc disordered; with addition of Ti matrix layer, FePt/Ti films form a ternary （FePt）27Ti73 alloy possessing fcc and L10 （111） mixed texture. FePt/（FePt）27Ti73 films with perfectly ordered L10（111） structure and unique magnetic properties can be obtained at Ti thickness of 35nm and substrate temperature of 250℃. The maximum coercivity is more than 240kA/m and the squareness ratio is more than 0.9. The obtained results suggest that the granular FePt/（FePt）27Ti73 films can be applicable to ultrahigh-density magnetic recording media.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11072126,91326108 and 51206042)
文摘Quantitative correlation between the critical impact velocity of droplet and geometry of superhydrophobic surfaces with microstructures is systematically studied.Experimental data shows that the critical impact velocity induced wetting transition of droplet on the superhydrophobic surfaces is strongly determined by the perimeter of single micropillar,the space between the repeat pillars and the advancing contact angle of the sidewall of the micropillars.The proposed model agrees well with the experimental results,and clarifies that the underlying mechanism which is responsible for the superhydrophobic surface with hierarchical roughness could sustain a higher liquid pressure than the surfaces with microstructures.
