北方地区黄芪根系发育、成分积累及表观生长种间差异

明确黄芪种间差异对其产业化种植有着重要影响。在田间试验条件下,对蒙古黄芪与膜荚黄芪的根系结构发育、根形态、药用成分及表观生长量等指标进行了差异性分析,结果表明:①前期阶段黄芪种间根系结构差异不显著,在生长中后期(≥60 d),蒙古黄芪韧皮射线和木射线薄壁细胞中淀粉积累显著高于膜荚黄芪;②蒙古黄芪根系毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、刺芒柄花苷和多糖含量分别是膜荚黄芪的1.8倍、1.6倍、1.3倍;③膜荚黄芪根形畸变率(70%)远高于蒙古黄芪(53.1%),且膜荚黄芪和蒙古黄芪直根根形指数(RS1)置信区间分别为[0.770.82]、[0.740.79];④膜荚黄芪株高、地径、A/U值分别是蒙古黄芪的1.14~1.22倍、1.13~1.46倍、1.21~1.80倍,但根长却显著低于蒙古黄芪(P<0.05)。建议种植品种根据生产目标定向选择。

不同脂肪源对杂交鲟鱼生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清生化指标和抗氧化指标的影响

为掌握不同脂肪源对杂交鲟鱼生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清生化指标和抗氧化指标的影响,试验将120尾西伯利亚杂交鲟鱼随机分为4组,分别饲喂以鱼油、大豆油、玉米油、亚麻籽油为脂肪源的日粮,试验预试期为7 d,正式期为60 d。结果显示:大豆油组与鱼油组相比,末重、SOD活性分别显著提高1.13%、5.43%(P <0.05),BUN、MDA含量分别显著降低11.54%、9.04%(P <0.05)。玉米油组、亚麻籽油组与鱼油组相比,末重分别显著降低5.59%、2.77%(P <0.05),增重率分别显著降低8.19%、4.04%(P <0.05),干物质表观消化率分别显著降低5.02%、3.60%(P <0.05),脂肪表观消化率分别降低4.04%(P <0.05)、0.80%(P> 0.05),TP含量分别降低12.02%(P <0.05)、6.50%(P> 0.05),ALB含量分别降低15.19%(P <0.05)、8.29%(P> 0.05),ALT含量分别升高10.67%(P <0.05)、7.91%(P> 0.05),SOD活性分别降低5.65%(P <0.05)、2.99%(P> 0.05)。说明不同脂肪源对鲟鱼生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清生化指标和抗氧化指标的改善效果依次为大豆油、鱼油、亚麻籽油、玉米油,大豆油可以替代鱼油作为鲟鱼饲料中的脂肪源。

76种园林植物在水淹胁迫下的表观生长响应

为了给下沉式绿地建设的植物选择提供依据,选取了华南地区常用的76种园林植物开展了水分胁迫试验,考察不同植物对不同淹水时长的表观生长响应及解除胁迫后的生长恢复情况。结果表明,在25天内通过2次水淹胁迫,每次水淹胁迫时长为168、120、72、48、24和0 h等6种处理,76种植物中对应前5种处理植物表观生长未见明显异常的植物分别为41、51、56、64、69种;炮仗花、黄兰、深山含笑及火力楠4种植物对水淹胁迫极为敏感。解除胁迫后,多数植物恢复情况良好。

氮磷钾养分对寒地膜荚黄芪生长及药用成分影响

养分是影响黄芪生长的重要因素,研究N、P、K对膜荚黄芪生长及药用成分的影响,以期为寒地黄芪营养调控提供基础支撑。在大田试验条件下,通过N、P、K单因素试验和L_9(3~4)正交试验,分析1年生膜荚黄芪在不同因子水平及多因子配施下植株表观生长量和根系药用成分含量变化。1)在不同氮素水平条件下,膜荚黄芪株高差异不显著;根长N2显著高于其他处理(P<0.05);茎粗、10 cm处根粗(R1)N2和N3差异不显著,但显著高于N1和CK;地下鲜重各氮素处理差异不显著(P>0.05),地上鲜重N3与N1、N2差异不显著,显著高于CK(P <0.05)。毛蕊异黄酮苷、刺芒柄花苷N2与N1、N3差异不显著,但显著高于CK(P<0.05);毛蕊异黄酮差异不显著;多糖N2与N1差异不显著,但与N3、CK差异显著;在不同磷素水平条件下,膜荚黄芪根长表现P3和P2差异不显著,但显著高于P1和CK(P<0.05);根粗(R1)P1和P2差异不显著,但显著高于P3和CK(P<0.05)。P1处理的膜荚黄芪根系毛蕊异黄酮苷和刺芒柄花苷含量最高(P<0.05),而多糖含量显著低于其它处理。在不同钾素水平下,膜荚黄芪株高、1 cm处根粗(R0)、地下鲜重、地上地下鲜重比值均表现为K2、K3和CK差异不显著,但显著高于K1(P<0.05)。毛蕊异黄酮苷和刺芒柄花苷含量K2处理与K1、CK差异不显著,但显著高于K3(P<0.05);毛蕊异黄酮含量K3处理显著高于其它处理;多糖含量各处理差异显著,含量高低顺序为CK>K3>K2>K1。2)N、P、K配施条件下,K元素对膜荚黄芪影响较大,株高、茎粗、根粗(R1)、地上鲜重及地下鲜重达显著水平(P<0.05),N、P对膜荚黄芪影响较小。膜荚黄芪毛蕊异黄酮苷和多糖受N、P、K元素影响大小为K>N>P,刺芒柄花苷含量受N、K元素影响达到显著水平(P<0.05);毛蕊异黄酮含量在各处理差异不显著。N、K元素的增施有利于植株的生长、生物量及多糖的积累,N、P、K元素对膜荚黄芪影响效果为K>N>P;单元素施肥时,氮肥(20 g/m~2)、磷肥(15 g/m~2)、钾肥(20 g/m~2)对膜荚植株生长有显著促进作用,而氮肥(20 g/m~2)、磷肥(7.5 g/m~2)、钾肥(20 g/m~2)对药用成分积累均有显著促进作用;三元素配施时,N2P2K3处理(N 20 g/m~2,P 15 g/m~2,K 30 g/m~2)有利于膜荚黄芪植株生长及根系多糖积累,而N1P2K2处理(N 10 g/m~2,P 15 g/m~2,K 20 g/m~2)有利于黄酮类物质的积累。建议种植生产中,根据实际需要进行定向施肥管理。

不同配比粗饲料对海南黑山羊生长、养分消化及血液生化指标的影响

为了提高海南黑山羊的生长性能,本试验以不同比例柱花草和王草青贮饲料混合饲喂海南黑山羊,以筛选两种粗饲料的最适搭配比例。选用16只日龄、体重相近的海南黑山羊,随机分成4组,分别为对照组(CK组,粗饲料为王草)和3个试验组(S-KS2、S-KS3、S-KS4组,柱花草和王草青贮饲料分别以20∶80、30∶70、40∶60的干物质比例组合),饲喂60d后测定山羊生长性能、血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)水平;谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性;尿素氮(BUN)、甘油三酯(TG)、葡萄糖(GLU)、总胆固醇(TC)含量及养分表观消化率。结果表明:S-KS2组平均日增重(ADG)和血液尿素氮含量显著低于S-KS3组(P<0.05),料重比(F/G)显著高于S-KS3组(P<0.05),但都与CK组差异不显著(P>0.05);S-KS3组山羊平均日增重、平均日采食量(ADFI)显著高于CK组(P<0.05);S-KS4组血清总蛋白和球蛋白含量显著高于CK组(P<0.05),但中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)表观消化率显著低于S-KS2组和S-KS3组(P<0.05)。以上结果说明,在本试验条件下,柱花草和王草青贮饲料以一定比例混合饲喂并未对山羊造成不良影响,且在比例为30∶70时山羊的平均日增重和平均日采食量均得到提高,所以推荐柱花草和王草青贮饲料以30∶70的比例混合饲喂海南黑山羊。

Effects of Dietary Soy Isoflavones on Feed Intake,Growth Performance and Digestibility in Juvenile Japanese Flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus)

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary soy isoflavones on feeding intake,growth performance,and digestion of juvenile Japanese flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus).Four isonitrogenous(49% crude protein) and isoenergetic(20.1 MJ kg-1) diets were formulated to contain four graded levels of soy isoflavones,namely,0,1,4 and 8 g soy isoflavones in 1 kg of diet.Each diet was randomly fed to triplicate tanks of fish(Initial average weight:2.58 g ± 0.01 g),and each tank was stocked with 35 fish.No significant difference was observed among diets with levels of 0,1 and 4 g kg-1 soy isoflavones in feed intake,weight gain,feed efficiency ratio(FER),proximate composition of fish whole body and apparent digestibility coefficients(ADC) of nutrients and energy(P>0.05).However,high dietary soy isoflavones level(8 g kg-1) significantly depressed weight gain,FER,whole-body crude lipid content of fish and ADC of nutrients(P<0.05).These results indicate that high level of dietary soy isoflavones(above 4 g kg-1) significantly depresses growth responses and FER of Japanese flounder.However,as the content of soy isoflavones in soybean meal is around 1 to 3 g kg-1,the adverse effects might be neglected when soybean products are used as a fish feed ingredient.

Influence of stocking density on growth, body composition and energy budget of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. in recirculating aquaculture systems

Atlantic salmon Salmo salar were reared at four stocking densities--high density D1 （final density -39 kg/m^3）, medium densities DE （-29 kg/m^3） and D3 （~19 kg/m^3）, and low density D4 （-12 kg/m^3）- for 40 days to investigate the effect of stocking density on their growth performance, body composition and energy budgets. Stocking density did not significantly affect specific growth rate in terms of weight （SGRw） but did affect specific growth rate in terms of energy （SGRe）. Stocking density significantly influenced the ration level （RLw and RLe）, feed conversion ratio （FCRw and FCRe） and apparent digestibility rate （ADR）. Ration level and FCRw tended to increase with increasing density. Fish at the highest density D~ and lowest density D4 showed lower FCRe and higher ADR than at medium densities. Stocking density significantly affected protein and energy contents of the body but did not affect its moisture, lipid, or ash contents. The expenditure of energy for metabolism in the low-density and high-density groups was lower than that in the medium-density groups. Stocking density affected energy utilization from the feces but had no effect on excretion rate. The greater energy allocation to growth at high density and low density may be attributed to reduced metabolic rate and increased apparent digestibility rate. These findings provide information that will assist selection of suitable stocking densities in the Atlantic-salmon-farming industry.

Comparative Utilization of Different Fibre Feedstuffs by Weaning/Growing Pigs in the Tropics

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding different fibre feedstuffs on the performance, nutrient utilization and economics of production of weaning/growing pigs. Five fibre feedstuffs--palm kernel cake （PKC）, wheat offal （WO）, corn bran （CB）, rice bran （RB） and brewers＇ dried grain （BDG） were used at 25% in each of the five experimental diets that were formulated in this study. Twenty weaner pigs （12.75 ± 0.6 kg） were used for the growth study while 15 pigs （14.95 ± 0.57 kg） were used for the digestibility study. The design of the experiment was completely randomized. The results of the study showed that the performance of the experimental animals were significantly influenced （P 〈 0.05） by the dietary treatments. The apparent digestibility of the crude protein, crude fiber and ether extract showed significant differences （P 〈 0.05） while there was no significant difference （P 〉 0.05） in the apparent digestibility of their dry matter, ash and nitrogen free extract. The diet that contained WO had the best growth response and apparent nutrient digestibility. Results of economics of production also showed that diet with WO gave the best （P 〈 0.05） value in feed cost/＇kg gain and net profit/animal. It can be concluded from this study that although all the animals fed the different fibre feedstuffs performed satisfactorily on all the parameters monitored, but for optimum growth, apparent nutrients digestibility and economics of production. WO should be used as a fibre feedstuff in the diets of weaning/growing pigs in the tropics.

Growth and energy budget of juvenile lenok Brachymystax lenok in relation to ration level

We evaluated the effect of ration level （RL） on the growth and energy budget of lenok Brachymystax lenok. Juvenile lenok （initial mean body weight 3.06±0.13 g） were fed for 21 d at five different ration levels： starvation, 2%, 3%, 4% bwd （body weight per day, based on initial mean values）, and apparent satiation. Feed consumption, apparent digestibility, and growth were directly measured. Specific growth rates in terms of wet weight, dry weight, protein, and energy increased logarithmically with an increase in ration levels. The relationship between specific growth rate in terms of wet weight （SGRw, %/d） and RL （%） was characterized by a decelerating curve： SGRw=- 1.417＋3.1661n（RL＋ 1）. The apparent digestibility coefficients of energy exhibited a decreasing pattern with increasing ration level, and there was a significant difference among different RLs. Body composition was significantly affected by ration size. The relationship between feed efficiency rate in terms of energy （FERe） and RL was： FERe=- 14.167＋23.793RL-3.367（RL）2, and the maximum FERe was observed at a 3.53% ration. The maintenance requirement for energy of juvenile lenok was 105.39 kJ BW （kg）-0.80/d, the utilization efficiency of DE for growth was 0.496. The energy budget equation at satiation was： 100IE=29.03FE＋5.78（ZE＋UE）＋39.56 HE＋25.63 RE, where IE is feed energy, FE is fecal energy, ZE＋UE is excretory energy, HE is heat production, and RE is recovered energy. Our results suggest that the most suitable feeding rate for juvenile lenok aquaculture for wet weight growth is 2.89% bwd, whereas for energy growth, the suggested rate is 3.53% bwd at this growth stage.

Effect of Shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) Farming Waste on the Growth, Digestion, Ammonium-Nitrogen Excretion of Sea Cucumber(Stichopus monotuberculatus)

In this study, specific growth rate(SGR), ingestion rate(IR), food conversion ratio(FCR), apparent digestion ratio(ADR) and ammonium-nitrogen excretion were determined for sea cucumber(Stichopus monotuberculatus) reared in plastic containers(70 L; 4 containers each diet treatment). Sea cucumbers were fed with five diets containing different amounts of farming waste from shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)(100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and 0) and a formulated compound(20% sea mud and 80% powdered algae). Sea cucumbers grew faster when they were fed with diet D(25% shrimp waste and 75% formulated compound) than those fed with other diets. Although IR value of sea cucumber fed with diet A(shrimp waste) was higher than those fed with other diets, both the lowest SGR and the highest FCR occurred in this diet group. The highest and the lowest ADR occurred in diet E(formulated compound) and diet A group, respectively, and the same to ammonium-nitrogen excretion. The contents of crude protein, crude lipid and total organic matter(TOM) in feces decreased in comparison with corresponding diets. In the feces from different diet treatments, the contents of crude protein and TOM increased gradually as the contents of crude protein and TOM in diets increased, while crude lipid content decreased gradually as the crude lipid content in diets increased.

Effects of different characteristic surfaces at initial stage of frost growth

The effects of surface energy on phase change of water vapor at initial stage of frost growth were studied to find an effective method of restraining frost growth.The mechanism of restraining frost growth by low energy surface(bigger contact angle) was analyzed based on crystal growth theory.Then,the phase change of water vapor and the process of frost growth on the copper and wax energy surfaces were observed using microscope.The results indicate that it is difficult for wax surface(low energy surface),on which there are still water droplets at 100 s,to form critical embryo,so frost growth can be restrained in a way.Water formation,droplet growth,ice formation and dendritic ice growth processes happen on both surfaces,ordinally.But the ice beads,with larger average diameter and sparse distribution on the wax surface,form later(at about 300 s) than that on the copper surface,and the dendritic ice also appears later.All of these support that ice crystal formation and dendritic crystal growth at initial stage of frost growth can be retarded on the low energy surface.

Efficacy of pemetrexed combined with erlotinib/gefitinib in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients during tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment

Objective We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed combined with erlotinib/gefitinib in advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients during tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI) treatment. Methods Thirty-two patients with advanced NSCLC were divided into two groups. Patients in the control group received continuous daily epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFRTKI) treatment, and patients in the experimental group received continuous daily EGFR-TKI along with pemetrexed treatment, which was administered on day 1 at 500 mg/m2. Erlotinib(150 mg) or gefitinib(250 mg) was administered daily from day 1 to day 21, with a cycle of every 21 days. Dexamethasone, folic acid, and vitamin B12 were also administered during the treatment. The endpoint of the primary study was the disease control rate. Results The objective response rate was 21.9%(95% CI: 7.6% to 36.3%) in the control group, whereas the disease control rate was 84.4%(95% CI: 71.8% to 97.0%) in the experimental group. The median progression-free survival was 6.2(95% CI: 2.4 to 10.0). Grades 3 or 4 adverse effects of leucopenia(15.6%), neutropenia(12.5%), anemia(3.1%), and nausea or vomiting(3.1%) were found in the experimental group.Conclusion The administration of pemetrexed combined with erlotinib or gefitinib showed a higher efficacy in TKI-resistant NSCLC patients. Further, the adverse effects of this drug combination were well tolerated by the patients. Pemetrexed combined with TKI treatment might provide a satisfactory therapeutic strategy for advanced NSCLC patients after TKI treatment.

Feeder Type Affects Growth in Weanling Horses

In the interest of decreasing feed costs while maximizing the growth of weanling horses, this study examined the potential difference in the average daily gain （ADG）, gain to feed ratio （G/F）, and apparent dry matter and crude protein digestibility in horses fed with the same diet provided in different feeder types. Sixteen weanling standardbred horses were used for the duration of the 9-week study. The horses were given 2.5% of their body weight in hay and grain daily, 2% hay and 0.5% grain, as fed in two equal feedings at 7：00 am and 7：00 pm. The first treatment used a combined hay and grain feeder with the hay rack positioned over a manger compartment. The second treatment provided hay in an open hay rack and grain in a separate, open-topped feed tub, not positioned under the hay rack. The two groups, with eight horses--four female and four male in each group, were fed in one manner or the other for the length of the study. The weanlings fed in the combined hay and grain feeder had a greater ADG （0.52 kg/d vs. 0.41 kg/d） and G/F （0.06 vs. 0.05） than the horses with the separate hay and grain feeders. Both ADG and G/F means between treatments were statistically different （P 〈 0.05）. There was not a significant difference （P 〉 0.05） in the apparent digestibility of dry matter or crude protein between the two groups. Therefore, it was concluded that the combined feeding system resulted in greater growth and apparent G/F most likely due to decreased feed wastage; however, apparent digestibility was not different between feeding systems.

Impacts of High Fiber Diet on Digestion and Absorption of Minerals in Growing Pigs

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding high-fiber diet （HFD） on apparent total tract digestibility （ATTD） and absorption of minerals in growing pigs. Sixteen barrows averaging 16.39 kg were randomly assigned to one of four diets after metabolic crate assignment with individual pig serving as experimental unit. Diets include： a corn-soybean meal based low-fiber diet （LFD）, as the control （CON） and 3 HFD （D1, D2 and D3）, each containing 5% sugar beet pulps and a 1：2, 1：1 and 2：1 oats to barley ratios, respectively, replacing 47% of the corn in the diet. Diets were formulated to meet nutrient requirements, however, the fiber content of the LFD was substantially lower than the average of the HFD （8.38% vs. 22.40%）. Feed allowance was limited to 10% of average body weight and fed twice/d. The study period was divided into 10 d of adjustment and 5 d of feces collection. Data collected were analyzed using SAS, GLIMMIX procedure where animals were considered random effects, and minerals were fixed. Results of the study show that digestibility of Ca in pigs fed HFD was lower （P 〈 0.05） than in pigs fed LFD. On the other hand, the apparent digestibility of P, K, Na, S and Zn in pigs fed D2 and D3 were higher （P 〈 0.05） than in pigs fed CON diet. It was also observed that digestibility of Ca, P, K, Na, S and Zn in pigs fed D1 were lower （P 〈 0.05） than in CON, D2 or D3 fed pigs. Therefore, it was concluded that while feeding HFD reduced availability of Ca, the availability of P, K, Na and S to pigs improved as the oat to barley ratio in the diet increased.

Effects of Multi-enzyme Preparations on Growth Performance, Apparent Total Tract Digestibility and In Vitro Digestibility for Growing Pigs

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of enzyme supplementations on performance of growing pigs, apparent total tract digestibility （ATTD） and in vitro digestibility （IVD） of nutrients. 224 growing pigs weighing 30-4-1.2 kg were allocated to fed basal diets supplemented with 0, 0.1, 0.15 or 0.2 g/kg enzyme preparations in growth trail. Those four diets were used for in vio＇o digestibility study. Pigs fed enzyme-supplemented diets improved average daily gain and decreased ratio of feed/gain （P〈0.05）. Enzyme supplementations increased ATTD of dry matter, energy, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fibre and hemicellulose （P〈0.05）. Supplementation with enzymes improved reducing sugar production and the IVD of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fibre, total arabinoxylans, galacturonic acid, hemicellulose and cellulose. 0.015% enzyme supplementation in diets seemed to be sufficient to achieve maximum growth performance, nutrients digestibilities and reducing sugar production. Collectively, these results suggested that the supplementation of enzymes in diet increased the digestibilities of nutrients through the promotion of NSP degradation, thereby enhancing growth performance of growing pigs.

Trans-generational effects in the clonal invader Alternanthera philoxeroides

Aims Recent studies have revealed heritable phenotypic plasticity through vegetative generations.In this sense,changes in gene regulation induced by the environment,such as DNA methylation(i.e.epigenetic changes),can result in reversible plastic responses being transferred to the offspring generations.This trans-generational plasticity is expected to be especially relevant in clonal plants,since reduction of sexual reproduction can decrease the potential for adaptation through genetic variation.Many of the most aggressive plant invaders are clonal,and clonality has been suggested as key to explain plant invasiveness.Here we aim to determine whether trans-generational effects occur in the clonal invader Alternanthera philoxeroides,and whether such effects differ between populations from native and non-native ranges.Methods In a common garden experiment,parent plants of A.philoxeroides from populations collected in Brazil(native range)and Iberian Peninsula(non-native range)were grown in high and low soil nutrient conditions,and offspring plants were transplanted to control conditions with high nutrients.To test the potential role of DNA methylation on trans-generational plasticity,half of the parent plants were treated with the demethylating agent,5-azacytidine.Important Findings Trans-generational effects were observed both in populations from the native and the non-native ranges.Interestingly,trans-generational effects occurred on growth variables(number of ramets,stem mass,root mass and total mass)in the population from the native range,but on biomass partitioning in the population from the non-native range.Trans-generational effects of the population from the native range may be explained by a‘silver-spoon’effect,whereas those of the population from the non-native range could be explained by epigenetic transmission due to DNA methylation.Our study highlights the importance of trans-generational effects on the growth of a clonal plant,which could help to understand the mechanisms underlying expansion success of many clonal plants.

Effects of neutral phytase on growth performance and phosphorus utilization in crucian carp(Carassius auratus)

A feeding trial was conducted for nine weeks to investigate the effects of partially replacing Ca（H2PO4）2 with neutral phytase on the growth performance, phosphorus utilization, nutrient digestibility, serum biochemical parameters, bone and carcass mineral composition, and digestive-enzyme-specific activity in crucian carp（Carassius auratus）.The diets prepared with 0.8%, 0%, and 1.8% Ca（H2PO4）2（1%=1 g/100 g） supplements were regarded as the P1E0, negative control（NC）, and positive control（PC） groups, respectively; the other three experimental diets were prepared with the addition of 200, 300, and 500 U/kg of neutral phytase, respectively, based on the P1E0 group.Three hundred and eighty-four fish（（1.50±0.01） g） were randomly distributed in the six treatments with four replicates each.The fish were initially fed with 2%–3% diets of their body weight per day, with feeding twice daily（08：00 and 16：00）, under a 12-h light/12-h dark cycle at the temperature of（27.56±0.89） ℃.The results showed that supplemental phytase at different levels in the diet improved the final body weight, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, phosphorus utilization, and protein efficiency ratio of crucian carp（P〈0.05）.Phytase supplementation increased the mineral content in serum（P）, bone（P, Ca）, and carcass（P, Ca, Zn, Na, and Mg）（P〈0.05）; the trypsin and chymotrypsin activity soared when fed with the phytase-supplemented diets（P〈0.05）.We may conclude that supplemental dietary neutral phytase improved the growth performance, phosphorus utilization as well as nutrient utilization in crucian carp, and it can be considered an important nutritional replacement for Ca（H2PO4）2.