根据语境理解话语的深层义

同一思想内容可以选用不同的词语或句式来表达,采用什么样的词语或何种句式效果最好,往往决定于特定的语言环境。一个合乎语法的句子,本身并无好坏之分,只有在语言环境中才能表现出效果的优劣来,所以,语境既是进行言语活动的条件,也是检验修辞效果的依据。

ST-03型表面孔径测定仪常见电路故障与处理方法

介绍了ST -0

Spatial differentiation in stable isotope compositions of surface waters and its environmental significance in the Issyk-Kul Lake region of Central Asia

Stable isotope values of oxygen （180） and hydrogen （2H） of surface waters were used to study the origin and environmental significanees in the Issyk-Kul basin of Kyrgyzstan in Central Asia, which is the most important intermountain basin in the modern Tien Shan orogen. This study is the first analysis of hydrochemical spatial differentiation in the stable isotopes of surface waters in this watershed. 75 samples were collected from rivers, springs, lakes, rain and snow during the rainy season in July and August of 2o16. Stable isotopes of 180 and 2H were studied for all samples, and cation ratios （Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca） were also determined for lake water samples. Stable isotope values from precipitation scattered around the Local Meteoric Water Line （determined from Urumqi Station of the global network of isotopes in precipitation （GNIP））, together with values of the Deuterium excess parameter （d） from 15.3‰ to 30.5‰, with an average of 19.8‰, indicating that the moisture sources are primarily from regions with low relative humidity. The 8180 and 52H values were significantly different between the river and lake samples, indicating that regional evaporation caused the isotopic enrichment of lake water. Geospatial autocorrelation, measured by Moran＇s I coefficient, indicated weak spatial autocorrelation within stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in the surface waters of the studied area, which is primarily an effect of climate during the water chemistry evolution. The cation ratios Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca in lake water samples were not correlated with the concentration of total dissolved solids, but did show correlation with stable isotopic values, which is significant for paleoenvironmental reconstruction.

Spatial Representations in Charles Dickens＇s New York and London

The purpose of this research is to see the image of New York and London in Charles Dickens＇s writings. In American Notes （1987）, on the surface, the city shows Dickens＇s eye of observation, revealing the dark side of the city. However, his writing expresses more than what he sees. In this paper, the author sees New York and London not only as realistic accounts of what things look like, but also a true realization of how Dickens feels about himself, and about the country in which he was situated in. In Oliver Twist （2003）, a New York prison can be linked to Dickens＇s London, representing the darkness of the city with the prison cell and its suggestiveness, including punishment, exclusion, and dehumanization. A New York Asylum reveals the dialectic of order and disorder, in a way which alienation brings out the crisis of humanity. This research shows that New York is an extension of London, in a way which the personal crisis is vividly revealed, as the reader can see in Charles Dickens. A Life （2012）. Through New York, Dickens is more conscious about his London childhood, as spatial representations of London have their own symbolic meanings

Generalized Poisson-Boltzmann Equation Taking into Account Ionic Interaction and Steric Effects

Generalized Poisson l3oltzmann equation which takes into account both ionic interaction in bulk solution and steric effects of adsorbed ions has been suggested. We found that, for inorganic cations adsorption on negatively charged surface, the steric effect is not significant for surface charge density 〈 0.0032 C/dm2, while the ionic interaction is an important effect for electrolyte concentration 〉 0.15 tool/1 in bulk solution. We conclude that for most actual cases the original PB equation can give reliable result in describing inorganic cation adsorption.

On the Serrin's Regularity Criterion for the β-Generalized Dissipative Surface Quasi-geostrophic Equation

The authors establish a Serrin＇s regularity criterion for the β-generalized dis- sipative surface quasi-geostrophic equation. More precisely, it is shown that if the smooth solution β satisfies

A facile method to fabricate surfaces showing superhydrophilicity in air and superhydrophobicity in oil

The changes of the wettability of the solid surfaces have attracted massive attention due to their important practical implications in numerous fields. As a new subject, the research on the wettability under the different environments is still in its early stage. So the fundamental research must be performed for the practical applications under different environments. However, it is seldom that the comprehensive wettability of a surface in air, in water and in oil has been reported. In this paper, the authors investigated the wettability of the stainless steel mesh coated with polyurethane in the above three different environments. The surface of the uncoated mesh was found to be hydrophobic in air, but the surface of the coated mesh was superhydrophilic in air. More interestingly, the surfaces of the coated meshes were superoleophilic in water and superhydrophobic in oil. Due to the coated meshes with these wettabilities were fabricated via a facile two-step method, the presented method may be adopted for large-scale industrial production, in various fields, such as icing prevention or the oil-field industry.

Generalized Butler-Volmer relation on a curved electrode surface under the action of stress

According to the principle of thermal activation process, the energy state of a material under the action of stress is a function of local stress. A generalized Butler-Volmer relationship for the electrode reaction on the surface of a curved electrode is derived,which takes account of the effects of local stress and the radius of mean curvature. From this relationship, the overpotential is found to be proportional to hydrostatic stress and the activation volume under the condition of open circuit. The conditions for the deposition of the material made solely from solute atoms and the formation of surface pits and porous structures are obtained,using the generalized Butler-Volmer relationship.

Comparative Effect of an Addition of a Surface Term to Woods-Saxon Potential on Thermodynamics of a Nucleon

In this study, we reveal the difference between Woods-Saxon(WS) and Generalized Symmetric WoodsSaxon(GSWS) potentials in order to describe the physical properties of a nucleon, by means of solving Schr¨odinger equation for the two potentials. The additional term squeezes the WS potential well, which leads an upward shift in the spectrum, resulting in a more realistic picture. The resulting GSWS potential does not merely accommodate extra quasi bound states, but also has modified bound state spectrum. As an application, we apply the formalism to a real problem,an α particle confined in Bohrium-270 nucleus. The thermodynamic functions Helmholtz energy, entropy, internal energy,specific heat of the system are calculated and compared for both wells. The internal energy and the specific heat capacity increase as a result of upward shift in the spectrum. The shift of the Helmholtz free energy is a direct consequence of the shift of the spectrum. The entropy decreases because of a decrement in the number of available states.