背景:大多研究认为牙齿美白会造成牙釉质表面粗糙,易吸引外源性染色物质再次沾染而形成反色现象,在美白后尝试选用树脂表面处理剂使牙釉质表面光滑,以期降低反色效应。目的:分析光固化树脂表面处理剂Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive对冷光...背景:大多研究认为牙齿美白会造成牙釉质表面粗糙,易吸引外源性染色物质再次沾染而形成反色现象,在美白后尝试选用树脂表面处理剂使牙釉质表面光滑,以期降低反色效应。目的:分析光固化树脂表面处理剂Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive对冷光(氙激光)美白牙齿反色效应的影响。方法:将24颗离体牙涂布体积分数35%的过氧化氢并氙激光照射美白,美白后,其中12颗颊侧涂布光固化树脂表面处理剂Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive(实验组),另12颗不涂布光固化树脂表面处理剂(对照组),两组组内再分2亚组,分别浸泡于蒸馏水与茶水中进行老化实验,老化实验的第1,3,5,7,14,21,28,35,42天,观察样本色差变化;于美白前、美白后、涂布树脂表面处理后、老化实验的第28天观察样本表面微观结构。结果与结论:①色差变化:实验组样本美白处理前后、涂布树脂表面处理前后及蒸馏水保存前后的色差值无差异(P>0.05);浸泡于蒸馏水后,实验组与对照组色差值无差异;浸泡于茶水后,实验组第1-42天的色差值均小于对照组(P<0.05);②扫描电镜观察:美白处理后的牙釉质表面存在破坏、空洞;涂布树脂表面处理剂后,实验组牙釉质光滑,少有空洞。浸泡于茶水后,实验组表面呈现渐层平滑面,有部分裂痕,片状染色层颜色分解不明显;对照组样本表面有孔洞较大的粗糙面,并清楚可见到茶水留下的斑驳染色层。浸泡于蒸馏水后,所有样本均只见少量块状染色层、孔洞,粗糙程度弱于浸泡于茶水的效果;③结果表明:涂布光固化树脂表面处理剂Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive能够使冷光美白后的牙釉质表面变得平滑,降低染色物质黏附,起到降低美白后反色效应的作用。展开更多
目的研究光固化树脂表面处理剂是否对牙齿美白后反色效应有所影响。方法将24颗完整的离体磨牙或前磨牙于美白前以分光测色仪SCM-104记录CIE(L*,a*,b*)值作为基准值。在各样本颊侧涂35%浓度的过氧化氢,波长(810±10)nm二极体激光照...目的研究光固化树脂表面处理剂是否对牙齿美白后反色效应有所影响。方法将24颗完整的离体磨牙或前磨牙于美白前以分光测色仪SCM-104记录CIE(L*,a*,b*)值作为基准值。在各样本颊侧涂35%浓度的过氧化氢,波长(810±10)nm二极体激光照射完成漂白。以分光比色仪记录美白后釉质表面的ΔE。将24颗样本随机均分为L+B组(表面涂布Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive光固化树脂表面处理剂)与L组(不涂布Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive光固化树脂表面处理剂),n=12。记录涂布表面处理剂后的釉质表面色差ΔE1,所有样本保存在蒸馏水中1 h避免脱水,1 h后记录釉质表面色差ΔE2。将L+B组与L组随机各自均分为两小组,其中(L+B)W与LW组浸泡于37℃蒸馏水及(L+B)T与LT组浸泡于37℃茶水中,n=6,完成老化测试。记录各小组各时间点的颜色变化CIE(L1*,a1*,b1*)。对涂布处理剂前后和老化试验后的实验数据进行单因素方差分析和样本均数的t检验。扫描电子显微镜观察各处理样本4周时间点的牙釉质表面微观结构。结果ΔE(8.46±3.7)与ΔE1(8.32±3.97)及ΔE2(7.82±2.74)之间没有显著差异(P>0.05)。老化实验LW与(L+B)W组按各个时间点测定色差值之间均没有统计学差异(P>0.05),LT与(L+B)T组以各时间点比较各组间色差的变化,结果差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。扫描电镜显示样本美白处理后的釉质表面存在破坏,空洞。而涂布表面处理剂后的样本釉质可变得光滑。老化实验蒸馏水组样本均只见少量块状染色层、孔洞。茶水(L+B)T组样本表光滑,有部分裂痕,片状染色层颜色分解不明显。而LT组样本表面是有孔洞的粗糙面及清晰的茶水染色层。结论涂布Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive光固化树脂表面处理剂能够使激光美白后的牙釉质表面变得平滑,降低色层的黏附,从而起到牙齿美白后降低反色效应的作用。展开更多
Cloud point extraction （CPE） processes with two silicone surfactants, Dow Coming DC-190 and DC-193, were studied as preconcentration and treatment for the water polluted by three trace polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbo...Cloud point extraction （CPE） processes with two silicone surfactants, Dow Coming DC-190 and DC-193, were studied as preconcentration and treatment for the water polluted by three trace polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）： anthracene, phenanthrene and pyrene. For all cases, the volumes of surfactant-rich phase obtained by two silicone surfactants were very small, i.e. a lower water content in the surfactant-rich phase was obtained. For example, less than 3% of the initial solution was obtained in a 1% （by mass） surfactant solution, which was much smaller than that of TX-114 in the same surfactant concentration. And TX-114 is known as a high compact surfactant-rich phase among most nonionic surfactants, thus the comparison showed that an excellent enrichment was ensured in the analysis application by the CPE process with the silicone surfactants, and the lower water content obtained in the surfactant-rich phase is also important in the large scale water treatment. The influences of additives and phase separation methodology on the recovery of PAHs were discussed. Comparing with DC-193, DC-190 has a lower cloud point and a higher recovery （near 100%） of all the three PAHs in same surfactant concentration, which was required for application as a preconcentration process prior to HPLC system. However the DC-190 solution is hard to be phase separated only by heating, whereas DC-193 has a relative higher phase separating speed by heating, but a high cloud point （around 360K） limits its application. Due to the phase separation by heating is the only method of CPE suitable to the large scale water treatment, the mixtures of two silicone surfacrants solutions were investigated in this study. A solution containing 1% of mixed DC-190 and DC-193 （in the ratio of 90 ： 10） removed anthracene, phenanthrene and pyrene near 100% with a relative low cloud point and quick phase separating speed.展开更多
It was found that air dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) plasma contributed to the grafting of epoxy resin onto continuous PBO fiber surface. This air-plasma-grafting-epoxy method yielded a noticeable enhancement in th...It was found that air dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) plasma contributed to the grafting of epoxy resin onto continuous PBO fiber surface. This air-plasma-grafting-epoxy method yielded a noticeable enhancement in the interfacial adhesion between PBO fiber and thermoplastic matrix resin, with the interlaminar shear strength of the resulting composites increased by 66.7%. DSC and FTIR analyses were then used to study the curing behavior of epoxy coating on PBO fiber surface, deduce the possible grafting reactions and investigate the grafting mechanism. More importantly, TGA measurement showed that the grafting of epoxy onto PBO fiber had almost no effect on the composite heat resistance, and there was more thermoplastic matrix resin adhering to the fiber surface; the latter could also be clearly found in the SEM photos. Thereby, the air-plasma-grafting-epoxy treatment was proved to be an effective method for the improvement of continuous PBO fiber surface adhesive properties.展开更多
The uniform surface ion-imprinted resins for Zn2+ as the imprinting guest were prepared by emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization utilizing ally phenyl hydrogenphosphate as a functional comonomer. The Zn2+-imprinted ...The uniform surface ion-imprinted resins for Zn2+ as the imprinting guest were prepared by emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization utilizing ally phenyl hydrogenphosphate as a functional comonomer. The Zn2+-imprinted resin adsorbed Zn2+ much more effectively than did the unimprinted one. The selective feature of the surface imprinted resins to the template ions was demonstrated.展开更多
文摘背景:大多研究认为牙齿美白会造成牙釉质表面粗糙,易吸引外源性染色物质再次沾染而形成反色现象,在美白后尝试选用树脂表面处理剂使牙釉质表面光滑,以期降低反色效应。目的:分析光固化树脂表面处理剂Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive对冷光(氙激光)美白牙齿反色效应的影响。方法:将24颗离体牙涂布体积分数35%的过氧化氢并氙激光照射美白,美白后,其中12颗颊侧涂布光固化树脂表面处理剂Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive(实验组),另12颗不涂布光固化树脂表面处理剂(对照组),两组组内再分2亚组,分别浸泡于蒸馏水与茶水中进行老化实验,老化实验的第1,3,5,7,14,21,28,35,42天,观察样本色差变化;于美白前、美白后、涂布树脂表面处理后、老化实验的第28天观察样本表面微观结构。结果与结论:①色差变化:实验组样本美白处理前后、涂布树脂表面处理前后及蒸馏水保存前后的色差值无差异(P>0.05);浸泡于蒸馏水后,实验组与对照组色差值无差异;浸泡于茶水后,实验组第1-42天的色差值均小于对照组(P<0.05);②扫描电镜观察:美白处理后的牙釉质表面存在破坏、空洞;涂布树脂表面处理剂后,实验组牙釉质光滑,少有空洞。浸泡于茶水后,实验组表面呈现渐层平滑面,有部分裂痕,片状染色层颜色分解不明显;对照组样本表面有孔洞较大的粗糙面,并清楚可见到茶水留下的斑驳染色层。浸泡于蒸馏水后,所有样本均只见少量块状染色层、孔洞,粗糙程度弱于浸泡于茶水的效果;③结果表明:涂布光固化树脂表面处理剂Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive能够使冷光美白后的牙釉质表面变得平滑,降低染色物质黏附,起到降低美白后反色效应的作用。
文摘目的研究光固化树脂表面处理剂是否对牙齿美白后反色效应有所影响。方法将24颗完整的离体磨牙或前磨牙于美白前以分光测色仪SCM-104记录CIE(L*,a*,b*)值作为基准值。在各样本颊侧涂35%浓度的过氧化氢,波长(810±10)nm二极体激光照射完成漂白。以分光比色仪记录美白后釉质表面的ΔE。将24颗样本随机均分为L+B组(表面涂布Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive光固化树脂表面处理剂)与L组(不涂布Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive光固化树脂表面处理剂),n=12。记录涂布表面处理剂后的釉质表面色差ΔE1,所有样本保存在蒸馏水中1 h避免脱水,1 h后记录釉质表面色差ΔE2。将L+B组与L组随机各自均分为两小组,其中(L+B)W与LW组浸泡于37℃蒸馏水及(L+B)T与LT组浸泡于37℃茶水中,n=6,完成老化测试。记录各小组各时间点的颜色变化CIE(L1*,a1*,b1*)。对涂布处理剂前后和老化试验后的实验数据进行单因素方差分析和样本均数的t检验。扫描电子显微镜观察各处理样本4周时间点的牙釉质表面微观结构。结果ΔE(8.46±3.7)与ΔE1(8.32±3.97)及ΔE2(7.82±2.74)之间没有显著差异(P>0.05)。老化实验LW与(L+B)W组按各个时间点测定色差值之间均没有统计学差异(P>0.05),LT与(L+B)T组以各时间点比较各组间色差的变化,结果差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。扫描电镜显示样本美白处理后的釉质表面存在破坏,空洞。而涂布表面处理剂后的样本釉质可变得光滑。老化实验蒸馏水组样本均只见少量块状染色层、孔洞。茶水(L+B)T组样本表光滑,有部分裂痕,片状染色层颜色分解不明显。而LT组样本表面是有孔洞的粗糙面及清晰的茶水染色层。结论涂布Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive光固化树脂表面处理剂能够使激光美白后的牙釉质表面变得平滑,降低色层的黏附,从而起到牙齿美白后降低反色效应的作用。
文摘Cloud point extraction （CPE） processes with two silicone surfactants, Dow Coming DC-190 and DC-193, were studied as preconcentration and treatment for the water polluted by three trace polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）： anthracene, phenanthrene and pyrene. For all cases, the volumes of surfactant-rich phase obtained by two silicone surfactants were very small, i.e. a lower water content in the surfactant-rich phase was obtained. For example, less than 3% of the initial solution was obtained in a 1% （by mass） surfactant solution, which was much smaller than that of TX-114 in the same surfactant concentration. And TX-114 is known as a high compact surfactant-rich phase among most nonionic surfactants, thus the comparison showed that an excellent enrichment was ensured in the analysis application by the CPE process with the silicone surfactants, and the lower water content obtained in the surfactant-rich phase is also important in the large scale water treatment. The influences of additives and phase separation methodology on the recovery of PAHs were discussed. Comparing with DC-193, DC-190 has a lower cloud point and a higher recovery （near 100%） of all the three PAHs in same surfactant concentration, which was required for application as a preconcentration process prior to HPLC system. However the DC-190 solution is hard to be phase separated only by heating, whereas DC-193 has a relative higher phase separating speed by heating, but a high cloud point （around 360K） limits its application. Due to the phase separation by heating is the only method of CPE suitable to the large scale water treatment, the mixtures of two silicone surfacrants solutions were investigated in this study. A solution containing 1% of mixed DC-190 and DC-193 （in the ratio of 90 ： 10） removed anthracene, phenanthrene and pyrene near 100% with a relative low cloud point and quick phase separating speed.
基金Project(L2014056)supported by the Liaoning Education Department,ChinaProject(201501089)supported by the Dr.Start-up Fund of Liaoning Province,China
文摘It was found that air dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) plasma contributed to the grafting of epoxy resin onto continuous PBO fiber surface. This air-plasma-grafting-epoxy method yielded a noticeable enhancement in the interfacial adhesion between PBO fiber and thermoplastic matrix resin, with the interlaminar shear strength of the resulting composites increased by 66.7%. DSC and FTIR analyses were then used to study the curing behavior of epoxy coating on PBO fiber surface, deduce the possible grafting reactions and investigate the grafting mechanism. More importantly, TGA measurement showed that the grafting of epoxy onto PBO fiber had almost no effect on the composite heat resistance, and there was more thermoplastic matrix resin adhering to the fiber surface; the latter could also be clearly found in the SEM photos. Thereby, the air-plasma-grafting-epoxy treatment was proved to be an effective method for the improvement of continuous PBO fiber surface adhesive properties.
基金Financial supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (No: 50003006)
文摘The uniform surface ion-imprinted resins for Zn2+ as the imprinting guest were prepared by emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization utilizing ally phenyl hydrogenphosphate as a functional comonomer. The Zn2+-imprinted resin adsorbed Zn2+ much more effectively than did the unimprinted one. The selective feature of the surface imprinted resins to the template ions was demonstrated.
