表面氧修饰纳米金刚石制备及抗菌性能

表面修饰可有效提升纳米金刚石的抗菌性能。通过在空气中高温退火的方式实现了纳米金刚石的表面氧修饰,并对其进行了一系列表征以及抗菌测试。表征结果与采用光密度(OD)法进行抗菌测试结果表明,空气中400℃下退火进行的氧修饰可在纳米金刚石表面引入C=O官能团,并显著提高纳米金刚石的抗菌能力,对于金黄色葡萄球菌与大肠杆菌的抗菌率分别可达64.8%与83.4%。C=O官能团的形成将大量电子引入体系,并在氧原子作用下在表面富集,从而形成强负电性表面,该结论与Zeta电位结果一致。强负电性表面可抑制细菌的生长和繁殖,这使氧修饰纳米金刚石具有良好的抗菌性能。

锂离子电池富锂材料中离子掺杂、表面包覆、表面氧空位修饰的作用机理及其联合机制

富锂层状氧化物材料是一种具有类固溶体结构的锂离子电池正极材料,放电比容量可达250 m Ah/g,且价格低廉。因此,富锂层状氧化物材料被认为是最有希望的下一代正极材料之一。然而,富锂层状材料还存在诸多问题,如首次库仑效率低、倍率性能差以及容量和电压平台衰减严重,这些问题阻碍其在商业中的应用。本文从富锂层状材料的晶型结构和首次充放电特性出发,主要介绍了离子掺杂、表面包覆以及表面氧空位修饰的作用机理,并进一步分析了不同掺杂离子和不同包覆材料作用于富锂层状材料后性能差异的原因,以及双掺杂和双包覆的优势。最后,本文针对单纯的离子掺杂、表面包覆、表面氧空位修饰在富锂层状材料改性中的不足,提出了基于上述三种改性方式的联合改性机制,并对该机制进行了简要介绍。

Enhanced low-temperature NH3-SCR performance of CeTiOx catalyst via surface Mo modification

The effect of molybdenum oxide on the activity and durability of Ce O2-Ti O2 catalyst for NO reduction by NH3 was examined. It was found that the introduction of Mo could improve the low-temperature NH3-SCR activity and SO2/H2 O durability of the Ce O2-Ti O2 catalyst and an optimal loading of Mo was 4?wt.%. The best Mo O3/Ce O2-Ti O2 catalyst displayed over 90% NO conversion from 200 °C to 400 °C and obtained 4-fold increase in NO conversion compared to Ce O2-Ti O2 at 150 °C. The characterization results revealed that the number of Br?nsted acid sites over Mo O3/Ce O2-Ti O2 was significantly increased, and the adsorption of nitrate species was dramatically weakened because of the coverage of Mo O3, which were favorable for the high NH3-SCR performance. It is believed that the Mo O3/Ce O2-Ti O2 catalyst is a suitable substitute for the NH3-SCR reaction.

Preparation of defect free ceramic/Ti composite membranes by surface modification and in situ oxidation

Al2O3 ceramic powder was applied to modify the large pores defects on the surface of the porous metal Ti support,in situ oxidation method was a convenient method to prepare defect free ceramic/Ti composite membranes on this basis.In situ oxidation conditions experimental results show that the best condition for preparing the TiO2-Al2O3/Ti composite membrane is under 800°C for 2 h,and the microstructure and pore sizes of the TiO2-Al2O3/Ti composite membranes are affected obviously.The thickness and composition of the TiO2/Ti composite membranes are determined by SEM and XRD completely.The pore size distribution of the composite membrane is measured by bubble pressure method,the most probable aperture is about 3.12μm,while the average pore size of defect free TiO2-Al2O3/Ti is about 3.23μm.After ultrasonic treatment,the slight weight change of membranes reveals no observable change,which indicates that TiO2-Al2O3/Ti composite membranes maintain a good stability.

Aliphatic amines modified CoO nanoparticles for catalytic oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbon with molecular oxygen

The surface modification of metal oxides using organic modifiers is a potential strategy for enhancing their catalytic performances.In this study,a hydrophobic surface amine-modified CoO catalyst with a water contact angle of 143°was fabricated.The catalyst was characterized by XRD,TGA,FT-IR,HR-TEM,and XPS.The results showed that the fabricated catalyst performed better than the hydrophilic commercial CoO nanoparticle in the process of aromatic hydrocarbon oxidation.After the amines modification,commercial CoO also became hydrophobic and improved conversion of ethylbenzene was achieved.The surface modification of CoO with amines induced the hydrophobicity property,which could serve as a reference for the design of other hydrophobic catalysts.

A REVIEW OF OXYGEN-CONTAINING SURFACE GROUPS AND SURFACE MODIFICATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON

This review focused on the recent reports related to the function, characterization and modification of oxygen-containing surface groups of activated carbon (AC). The Oxygen-containing surface groups were briefly described, and the most frequently used techniques for characterization of the oxygen-containing surface groups on ACs were also briefly stated. A detailed discussion of the effects of the oxygen-containing surface groups on the adsorptive capacity of AC was given. The recent progresses in modification of the oxygen-containing surface groups of AC were also reviewed.

Guanine-regulated proton transfer enhances CO_(2)-to-CH_(4) selectivity over copper electrode

Electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction has attracted growing attention as a promising route to realize artificial carbon recycling.Proton transfer plays an essential role in CO_(2) reduction and dramatically impacts product distribution.However,the precise control of proton transfer during CO_(2) reduction remains challenging.In this study,we present a well-controlled proton transfer through the modification of several purines with similar molecular structures,and reveal a direct correlation between surface proton transfer capability and CO_(2) reduction selectivity over Cu electrode.With a moderate proton transfer capability,the guanine modification can remarkably boost CH_(4) production and suppress C2 products formation.In-situ ATR-SEIRAS suggests a weakened^(*)CO intermediate adsorption and a relatively low local pH environment after the guanine modification,which facilitates the^(*)CO protonation and detachment for CH_(4) generation.

Surface modification of magnesium hydroxide by γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane

Magnesium hydroxide(MH),which is commonly used as a halogen-free flame retardant filler in composite materials,was modified by silanization reaction with γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (γ-APS) in aqueous solution at different pH values (pH range from 8.0 to 12.0). The surface properties of grafted γ-APS on MH surface as a function of solution pH value were studied using elemental analysis,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and zeta potential measurement. The results show that hydrolysis and condensation of γ-APS are activated in alkaline solution and lead to multilayer adsorption of γ-APS molecules on the surface of MH. The type of adsorption orientation of γ-APS on MH surface is a function of coverage density that is altered by changing solution pH value. At low coverage density (e.g. 55 nm-2),γ-APS molecules are preferentially adsorbed to the surface with the silicon moiety towards the surface,and increasing coverage density (e.g. 90 nm-2) leads to parallel orientation. At an even higher coverage density (e.g. 115 nm-2),γ-APS molecules bond to the surface with the amino moiety towards the surface.