This paper describes the short channel theory of the bipolar field-effect transistor (BiFET) by partitioning the transistor into two sections,the source and drain sections,each can operate as the electron or hole em...This paper describes the short channel theory of the bipolar field-effect transistor (BiFET) by partitioning the transistor into two sections,the source and drain sections,each can operate as the electron or hole emitter or collector under specific combinations of applied terminal voltages. Analytical solution is obtained in the source and drain sections by separating the two-dimensional trap-free Shockley Equations into two one-dimensional equations parametrically coupled via the surface-electric-potential and by using electron current continuity and hole current continuity at the boundary between the emitter and collector sections. Total and electron-hole-channel components of the output and transfer currents and conductances, and the electrical lengths of the two sections are computed and presented in graphs as a function of the D. C. terminal voltages for the model transistor with two identical and connected metal-oxide-silicon-gates (MOS-gates) on a thin pure-silicon base over practical ranges of thicknesses of the silicon base and gate oxide. Deviations of the long physical channel currents and conductances from those of the short electrical channels are reported.展开更多
This paper gives the short channel analytical theory of the bipolar field-effect transistor (BiFET) with the drift and diffusion currents separately computed in the analytical theory. As in the last-month paper whic...This paper gives the short channel analytical theory of the bipolar field-effect transistor (BiFET) with the drift and diffusion currents separately computed in the analytical theory. As in the last-month paper which represented the drift and diffusion current by the single electrochemical (potential-gradient) current, the two-dimensional transistor is partitioned into two sections, the source and drain sections, each can operate as the electron or hole emitter or collector under specific combinations of applied terminal voltages. Analytical solution is then obtained in the source and drain sections by separating the two-dimensional trap-free Shockley Equations into two one-dimensional equations parametrically coupled via the surface-electric-potential and by using electron current continuity and hole current continuity at the boundary between the emitter and collector sections. Total and the drift and diffusion components of the electron-channel and hole-channel currents and output and transfer conductances, and the electrical lengths of the two sections are computed and presented in graphs as a function of the D. C. terminal voltages for the model transistor with two identical and connected metal-oxide-silicon-gates (MOS-gates) on a thin pure-silicon base over practical ranges of thicknesses of the silicon base and gate oxide. Deviations of the two-section short-channel theory from the one-section long-channel theory are described.展开更多
This paper describes the bipolar field-effect transistor (BiFET) and its theory. Analytical solution is ob- tained from partitioning the two-dimensional transistor into two one-dimensional transistors. The analysis ...This paper describes the bipolar field-effect transistor (BiFET) and its theory. Analytical solution is ob- tained from partitioning the two-dimensional transistor into two one-dimensional transistors. The analysis employs the parametric surface-electric-potential and the electrochemical (quasi-Fermi) potential-gradient driving force to compute the current. Output and transfer D. C. current and conductance versus voltage are presented over practi- cal ranges of terminal D. C. voltages and device parameters. Electron and hole surface channel currents are pres- ent simultaneously, a new feature which could provide circuit functions in one physical transistor such as the CMOS inverter and SRAM memory.展开更多
The bipolar theory of field-effect transistor is introduced to replace the 55-year-old classic unipolar theory invented by Shockley in 1952 in order to account for the characteristics observed in recent double-gate na...The bipolar theory of field-effect transistor is introduced to replace the 55-year-old classic unipolar theory invented by Shockley in 1952 in order to account for the characteristics observed in recent double-gate nanometer silicon MOS field-effect transistors. Two electron and two hole surface channels are simultaneously present in all channel current ranges. Output and transfer characteristics are computed over practical base and gate oxide thicknesses. The bipolar theory corroborates well with experimental data reported recently for FinFETs with metal/silicon and p/n junction source/drain contacts. Single-device realization of CMOS inverter and SRAM memory circuit functions are recognized.展开更多
This paper describes the drift-diffusion theory of the bipolar field-effect transistor (BiFET) with two identical and connected metal-oxide-silicon-gates (MOS-gates) on a thin-pure-base. Analytical solution is obt...This paper describes the drift-diffusion theory of the bipolar field-effect transistor (BiFET) with two identical and connected metal-oxide-silicon-gates (MOS-gates) on a thin-pure-base. Analytical solution is obtained by partitioning the two-dimensional transistor into two one-dimensional problems coupled by the parametric sur- face-electric-potential. Total and component output and transfer currents and conductances versus D. C. voltages from the drift-diffusion theory, and their deviations from the electrochemical (quasi-Fermi) potential-gradient theory,are presented over practical ranges of thicknesses of the silicon base and gate oxide. A substantial contri- bution from the longitudinal gradient of the square of the transverse electric field is shown.展开更多
The field-effect transistor is inherently bipolar, having simultaneously electron and hole surface and volume channels and currents. The channels and currents are controlled by one or more externally applied transvers...The field-effect transistor is inherently bipolar, having simultaneously electron and hole surface and volume channels and currents. The channels and currents are controlled by one or more externally applied transverse electric fields. It has been known as the unipolar field-effect transistor for 55-years since Shockley's 1952 invention,because the electron-current theory inevitably neglected the hole current from over-specified internal and boundary conditions, such as the electrical neutrality and the constant hole-electrochemical-potential, resulting in erroneous solutions of the internal and terminal electrical characteristics from the electron channel current alone, which are in gross error when the neglected hole current becomes comparable to the electron current, both in subthreshold and strong inversion. This report presents the general theory, that includes both electron and hole channels and currents. The rectangular ( x, y, z) parallelepiped transistors,uniform in the width direction (z-axis),with one or two MOS gates on thin and thick,and pure and impure base, are used to illustrate the two-dimensional effects and the correct internal and boundary conditions for the electric and the electron and hole electrochemical potentials. Complete analytical equations of the DC current-voltage characteristics of four common MOS transistor structures are derived without over-specification: the 1-gate on semi-infinite-thick impure-base (the traditional bulk transistor), the 1-gate on thin impure-silicon layer over oxide-insulated silicon bulk (SOI) ,the 1-gate on thin impure-silicon layer deposited on insulating glass (SOI TFT), and the 2-gates on thin pure-base (FinFETs).展开更多
This paper reports the DC steady-state voltage and current transfer characteristics and power dissipation of the Complimentary Metal-Oxide-Silicon (CMOS) voltage-inverter circuit using one physical Bipolar Field-Eff...This paper reports the DC steady-state voltage and current transfer characteristics and power dissipation of the Complimentary Metal-Oxide-Silicon (CMOS) voltage-inverter circuit using one physical Bipolar Field-Effect Transistor (BiFET) of nanometer dimensions. The electrical characteristics are numerically obtained by solving the five partial dif- ferential equations for the transistor structure of two MOS-gates on the two surfaces of a thin pure silicon base layer with electron and hole contacts on both ends of the thin base. Internal and CMOS boundary conditions are used on the three potentials (electrostatic and electron and hole electrochemical potentials). Families of curves are rapidly computed using a dual-processor personal computer running the 64-bit FORTRAN on the Windows XP operating system.展开更多
文摘This paper describes the short channel theory of the bipolar field-effect transistor (BiFET) by partitioning the transistor into two sections,the source and drain sections,each can operate as the electron or hole emitter or collector under specific combinations of applied terminal voltages. Analytical solution is obtained in the source and drain sections by separating the two-dimensional trap-free Shockley Equations into two one-dimensional equations parametrically coupled via the surface-electric-potential and by using electron current continuity and hole current continuity at the boundary between the emitter and collector sections. Total and electron-hole-channel components of the output and transfer currents and conductances, and the electrical lengths of the two sections are computed and presented in graphs as a function of the D. C. terminal voltages for the model transistor with two identical and connected metal-oxide-silicon-gates (MOS-gates) on a thin pure-silicon base over practical ranges of thicknesses of the silicon base and gate oxide. Deviations of the long physical channel currents and conductances from those of the short electrical channels are reported.
文摘This paper gives the short channel analytical theory of the bipolar field-effect transistor (BiFET) with the drift and diffusion currents separately computed in the analytical theory. As in the last-month paper which represented the drift and diffusion current by the single electrochemical (potential-gradient) current, the two-dimensional transistor is partitioned into two sections, the source and drain sections, each can operate as the electron or hole emitter or collector under specific combinations of applied terminal voltages. Analytical solution is then obtained in the source and drain sections by separating the two-dimensional trap-free Shockley Equations into two one-dimensional equations parametrically coupled via the surface-electric-potential and by using electron current continuity and hole current continuity at the boundary between the emitter and collector sections. Total and the drift and diffusion components of the electron-channel and hole-channel currents and output and transfer conductances, and the electrical lengths of the two sections are computed and presented in graphs as a function of the D. C. terminal voltages for the model transistor with two identical and connected metal-oxide-silicon-gates (MOS-gates) on a thin pure-silicon base over practical ranges of thicknesses of the silicon base and gate oxide. Deviations of the two-section short-channel theory from the one-section long-channel theory are described.
文摘This paper describes the bipolar field-effect transistor (BiFET) and its theory. Analytical solution is ob- tained from partitioning the two-dimensional transistor into two one-dimensional transistors. The analysis employs the parametric surface-electric-potential and the electrochemical (quasi-Fermi) potential-gradient driving force to compute the current. Output and transfer D. C. current and conductance versus voltage are presented over practi- cal ranges of terminal D. C. voltages and device parameters. Electron and hole surface channel currents are pres- ent simultaneously, a new feature which could provide circuit functions in one physical transistor such as the CMOS inverter and SRAM memory.
文摘The bipolar theory of field-effect transistor is introduced to replace the 55-year-old classic unipolar theory invented by Shockley in 1952 in order to account for the characteristics observed in recent double-gate nanometer silicon MOS field-effect transistors. Two electron and two hole surface channels are simultaneously present in all channel current ranges. Output and transfer characteristics are computed over practical base and gate oxide thicknesses. The bipolar theory corroborates well with experimental data reported recently for FinFETs with metal/silicon and p/n junction source/drain contacts. Single-device realization of CMOS inverter and SRAM memory circuit functions are recognized.
文摘This paper describes the drift-diffusion theory of the bipolar field-effect transistor (BiFET) with two identical and connected metal-oxide-silicon-gates (MOS-gates) on a thin-pure-base. Analytical solution is obtained by partitioning the two-dimensional transistor into two one-dimensional problems coupled by the parametric sur- face-electric-potential. Total and component output and transfer currents and conductances versus D. C. voltages from the drift-diffusion theory, and their deviations from the electrochemical (quasi-Fermi) potential-gradient theory,are presented over practical ranges of thicknesses of the silicon base and gate oxide. A substantial contri- bution from the longitudinal gradient of the square of the transverse electric field is shown.
文摘The field-effect transistor is inherently bipolar, having simultaneously electron and hole surface and volume channels and currents. The channels and currents are controlled by one or more externally applied transverse electric fields. It has been known as the unipolar field-effect transistor for 55-years since Shockley's 1952 invention,because the electron-current theory inevitably neglected the hole current from over-specified internal and boundary conditions, such as the electrical neutrality and the constant hole-electrochemical-potential, resulting in erroneous solutions of the internal and terminal electrical characteristics from the electron channel current alone, which are in gross error when the neglected hole current becomes comparable to the electron current, both in subthreshold and strong inversion. This report presents the general theory, that includes both electron and hole channels and currents. The rectangular ( x, y, z) parallelepiped transistors,uniform in the width direction (z-axis),with one or two MOS gates on thin and thick,and pure and impure base, are used to illustrate the two-dimensional effects and the correct internal and boundary conditions for the electric and the electron and hole electrochemical potentials. Complete analytical equations of the DC current-voltage characteristics of four common MOS transistor structures are derived without over-specification: the 1-gate on semi-infinite-thick impure-base (the traditional bulk transistor), the 1-gate on thin impure-silicon layer over oxide-insulated silicon bulk (SOI) ,the 1-gate on thin impure-silicon layer deposited on insulating glass (SOI TFT), and the 2-gates on thin pure-base (FinFETs).
文摘This paper reports the DC steady-state voltage and current transfer characteristics and power dissipation of the Complimentary Metal-Oxide-Silicon (CMOS) voltage-inverter circuit using one physical Bipolar Field-Effect Transistor (BiFET) of nanometer dimensions. The electrical characteristics are numerically obtained by solving the five partial dif- ferential equations for the transistor structure of two MOS-gates on the two surfaces of a thin pure silicon base layer with electron and hole contacts on both ends of the thin base. Internal and CMOS boundary conditions are used on the three potentials (electrostatic and electron and hole electrochemical potentials). Families of curves are rapidly computed using a dual-processor personal computer running the 64-bit FORTRAN on the Windows XP operating system.