The goal of this research was to determine the impact of nonionic surfactants on drag reduction effect in water and metal oxide nanofluid. Two nonionic surfactants （Rokacet 07 and Rokanol KT） and copper（II） oxide ...The goal of this research was to determine the impact of nonionic surfactants on drag reduction effect in water and metal oxide nanofluid. Two nonionic surfactants （Rokacet 07 and Rokanol KT） and copper（II） oxide wa- ter-based nanofluid were examined. Friction factors in a 4 mm diameter pipe for the Reynolds number between 8000 and 50000 were determined. Results showed that addition of nonionic surfactants caused the decrease of fric- tion factor in water and nanofluid. The drag reduction effect was similar in both cases. Presence of nanoparticles in the system has no great influence on drag reduction effect.展开更多
In order to develop turbulent drag-reducing technology by using an environmentally friendly additive in a water-transporting system,the drag reducing characteristics in a non-ionic surfactant(Oleyldimethylamineoxide,O...In order to develop turbulent drag-reducing technology by using an environmentally friendly additive in a water-transporting system,the drag reducing characteristics in a non-ionic surfactant(Oleyldimethylamineoxide,ODMAO) dilute aqueous solution flowing in a circular pipe of 5 mm diameter have been experimentally investigated with an air-driven fluid resistance test device.The rheological characteristics of the solution have also been examined by a rheometer with a cone-plate flow cell.The results show that the ODMAO solutions are drag-reducing when concentration is 400 ppm or higher,that the critical Reynolds number corresponding to the maximum drag reduction rate increases with both concentration and temperature,and that the maximum drag reduction rate can reach up to 70% in the straight pipe.At low shear rates,the shear viscosity of ODMAO solutions with a relatively high drag-reduction behaves similarly to Newtonian fluids;at above a certain critical shear rate,it is firstly shear-thickening,then shear-thinning.Such shear-rate-dependent characteristics of the shear viscosity are attributed to the different transitions of micellar network structure induced by different shear rates.Relaxation of shear stress after removing an applied constant shear rate at which the solution is in the SIS(shear-induced structure) state is found to be well expressed by a 2-step Maxwell model with a tail relaxation time much shorter than that for a drag-reducing cationic surfactant,which indicates that for the ODMAO solution,a viscoelasticity as strong as a drag-reducing cationic surfactant is not needed to realize turbulent drag-reduction.展开更多
基金Supported by the State Committee for Scientific Research(Poland)(NN209764040)Michal Drzazga received the Scholarship under the Project DoktoRIS-Scholarship Program for Innovative Silesia Co-financed by the European Union under the European Social Fund
文摘The goal of this research was to determine the impact of nonionic surfactants on drag reduction effect in water and metal oxide nanofluid. Two nonionic surfactants （Rokacet 07 and Rokanol KT） and copper（II） oxide wa- ter-based nanofluid were examined. Friction factors in a 4 mm diameter pipe for the Reynolds number between 8000 and 50000 were determined. Results showed that addition of nonionic surfactants caused the decrease of fric- tion factor in water and nanofluid. The drag reduction effect was similar in both cases. Presence of nanoparticles in the system has no great influence on drag reduction effect.
基金supported by the Center of Natural Science and Technology of Japan
文摘In order to develop turbulent drag-reducing technology by using an environmentally friendly additive in a water-transporting system,the drag reducing characteristics in a non-ionic surfactant(Oleyldimethylamineoxide,ODMAO) dilute aqueous solution flowing in a circular pipe of 5 mm diameter have been experimentally investigated with an air-driven fluid resistance test device.The rheological characteristics of the solution have also been examined by a rheometer with a cone-plate flow cell.The results show that the ODMAO solutions are drag-reducing when concentration is 400 ppm or higher,that the critical Reynolds number corresponding to the maximum drag reduction rate increases with both concentration and temperature,and that the maximum drag reduction rate can reach up to 70% in the straight pipe.At low shear rates,the shear viscosity of ODMAO solutions with a relatively high drag-reduction behaves similarly to Newtonian fluids;at above a certain critical shear rate,it is firstly shear-thickening,then shear-thinning.Such shear-rate-dependent characteristics of the shear viscosity are attributed to the different transitions of micellar network structure induced by different shear rates.Relaxation of shear stress after removing an applied constant shear rate at which the solution is in the SIS(shear-induced structure) state is found to be well expressed by a 2-step Maxwell model with a tail relaxation time much shorter than that for a drag-reducing cationic surfactant,which indicates that for the ODMAO solution,a viscoelasticity as strong as a drag-reducing cationic surfactant is not needed to realize turbulent drag-reduction.
