Photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol with V_2O_5-TiO_2 catalysts: Effect of catalyst support and surfactant additives

Binary oxide catalysts with various weight percentage V2O5 loadings were prepared by solid‐state dispersion and the nanocomposites were modified with surfactants. The catalysts were analyzed using X‐ray diffraction, diffuse‐reflectance spectroscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and N2 adsorption‐desorption. The photocatalytic activities of the catalysts were evaluated in the degradation of 2,4‐dichlorophenol under ultraviolet irradiation. The photocatalytic activity of 50 wt%V2O5‐TiO2 （50V2O5‐TiO2） was higher than those of pure V2O5, TiO2, and P25. Interactions between V2O5 and TiO2 affected the photocatalytic efficiencies of the binary oxide catalysts. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB） and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide （HTAB） significantly enhanced the efficiency of the 50V2O5‐TiO2 catalyst. The highest per‐centage of 2,4‐dichlorophenol degradation （100%） and highest reaction rate （2.22 mg/（L·min）） were obtained in 30 min with the （50V2O5‐TiO2）‐CTAB catalyst. It is concluded that the addition of a surfactant to the binary oxide significantly enhanced the photocatalytic activity by modifying the optical and electronic properties of V2O5 and TiO2.

Influence of Clothing Fabrics on Skin Microcirculation

This study investigated the effects of clothing fabric on human skin microcirculation.Once skin is covered with a clothing fabric,human sensations,namely,coolness,warmth,softness,and roughness,are aroused immediately,and the cutaneous microcirculation may be changed consequently.Since the complex relationships of the human skin,the environment,and the clothing,there is few publication focusing on the physiological responses of the skin to the fabrics.In this paper,a Laser Doppler Flowmetry(LDF)was used to test the dynamic responses of the skin blood flow when the fabric was placed on the skin.Effects of different fabrics on the skin blood flux were investigated.The results show that cold stimulation of fabric has remarkable influences on the skin blood flux,and the surface properties of fabric are of importance to affect the human skin blood flow.

Surface characteristics and structure of oxide films containing Ca and P on Ti substrate

The oxide films were obtained in an electrolyte of calcium glycerphosphate (Ca-GP) and calcium acetate (CA) by microarc oxidation (MAO). The oxide films displayed a porous and rough structure on the film surface, and the roughness tended to increase with increasing voltage of microarc oxidation. The oxide film exhibited a uniform coating and tends to be well boned to the substrate. The thickness of oxide films depended on the final voltage at a constant concentration of electrolyte solution. Ca and P were also incorporated into the oxide film during the microarc oxidation process. It was found that the electrolyte of calcium glycerphosphate (Ca-GP) and calcium acetate (CA) was suitable for microarc oxidation to form oxide film containing Ca and P on Ti substrate. The concentration of Ca and P were 11.6 at% and 6.4 at%, respectively, when microarc oxidation was performed in the electrolyte of 0.06 M Ca-GP and 0.25 M CA at current density 50 A/m^2 and final voltage 350 V. The composition of the Ca, P and Ti changed during depth profiling. The crystalline phases were only anatase when final voltage was below 300 V and rutile was presented when voltage was up to 350 V. The microstructure, phase structure and phase composition were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), energy dispersive X-ray microanalyser (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Pilling Image Acquisition method for Complicated Texture Fabric

In order to solve the problem of complicated fabric texture interference on the pilling segmentation during the objective evaluation of fabric pilling, a new method of pilling image acquisition was proposed. Firstly, multi-direction lights were projected on the pilled fabric surface and its pilling images were captured, which mixed with invariant fabric background texture and pilling profile information modulated by the variant light projections. The captured fabric pilling images were analyzed by independent component analysis method. Using the spectrum feature analysis method, the independent components belonging to the complicated fabric background texture were separated and the pilling images are reconstructed with the left components. The experimental results showed that this method can effectively separate the pilling image from complicated fabric texture, which provides one possibility for colored fabric pilling objective evaluation.