A bench-scale biopiling experiment was conducted to hydrocarbon bioremediation in a chronically contaminated soil compare the ability of different techniques to enhance petroleum After 195 days, 10%-32% removal of TP...A bench-scale biopiling experiment was conducted to hydrocarbon bioremediation in a chronically contaminated soil compare the ability of different techniques to enhance petroleum After 195 days, 10%-32% removal of TPHs （total petroleum hydrocarbons） occurred in unamended soil （control）. Biostimulation by inorganic nutrient addition enhanced TPH removal （49%） confirming that bioremediation was nutrient limited and the soil contained a well-adapted hydrocarbonoclastic microbial community. The addition of organic amendments including green waste at 25% and 50% （w/w） and a commercial product called DaramendTM had a further biostimulatory effect （50%-66%, 34%-59% and 69%-80% TPH removal respectively）. Bioaugmentation using two commercially available petroleum hydrocarbon degrading microbial cultures with nutrients enhanced TPH removal in the case of RemActivTM （60%-69%）, but had a marginal effect using Recycler 102 （49%-55%）. The effect of a non-ionic surfactant in green waste amended soil was variable （52%-72% TPH reduction）, but its potential to enhance biodegradation presumably by promoting contaminant bioavailability was demonstrated. High degradation of artificially added polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） occurred after 106 days （75%-84%）, but significant differences between the control and treatments were unapparent, suggesting that spiked soils do not reflect the behavior of contaminants in genuinely polluted and weathered soil.展开更多
Phage contamination is a very serious and unavoidable problem in modem fermentation industry. It is necessary to develop sensitive and rapid phage detection methods for the early detection of phage contamination. In t...Phage contamination is a very serious and unavoidable problem in modem fermentation industry. It is necessary to develop sensitive and rapid phage detection methods for the early detection of phage contamination. In the present work, a real-time, rapid, specific and quantitative phage T4 detection method based on surface plasmon resonance （SPR） technique has been in- troduced. Escherichia coli was immobilized onto the preformed MPA self-assembled monolayer （SAM） through the widely used EDC/NHS cross-linking reaction as the recognition element. The bacteria immobilization was verified efficiently through the electrochemical measurements and fluorescence microscopy observations. The specific adsorption was much stronger than the non-specific adsorption of phage T4 binding to the biosensor surface modified by E. coli, and the latter could be neglected. The detection sensitivity reached 1×10^7 PFU/mL within 10 min. Within the experimental phage concentrations, the linear cor- relation between the SPR response and the phage concentration was good. The results suggest that the SPR technique is a po- tentially powerful tool for the phage or other virus detections, as a label-free, real-time, and rapid method.展开更多
文摘A bench-scale biopiling experiment was conducted to hydrocarbon bioremediation in a chronically contaminated soil compare the ability of different techniques to enhance petroleum After 195 days, 10%-32% removal of TPHs （total petroleum hydrocarbons） occurred in unamended soil （control）. Biostimulation by inorganic nutrient addition enhanced TPH removal （49%） confirming that bioremediation was nutrient limited and the soil contained a well-adapted hydrocarbonoclastic microbial community. The addition of organic amendments including green waste at 25% and 50% （w/w） and a commercial product called DaramendTM had a further biostimulatory effect （50%-66%, 34%-59% and 69%-80% TPH removal respectively）. Bioaugmentation using two commercially available petroleum hydrocarbon degrading microbial cultures with nutrients enhanced TPH removal in the case of RemActivTM （60%-69%）, but had a marginal effect using Recycler 102 （49%-55%）. The effect of a non-ionic surfactant in green waste amended soil was variable （52%-72% TPH reduction）, but its potential to enhance biodegradation presumably by promoting contaminant bioavailability was demonstrated. High degradation of artificially added polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） occurred after 106 days （75%-84%）, but significant differences between the control and treatments were unapparent, suggesting that spiked soils do not reflect the behavior of contaminants in genuinely polluted and weathered soil.
基金support from the National Basic Research Program of China (2011CB933600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21077081,20921062)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2010CDB01302)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities (1103005 and 1101007)
文摘Phage contamination is a very serious and unavoidable problem in modem fermentation industry. It is necessary to develop sensitive and rapid phage detection methods for the early detection of phage contamination. In the present work, a real-time, rapid, specific and quantitative phage T4 detection method based on surface plasmon resonance （SPR） technique has been in- troduced. Escherichia coli was immobilized onto the preformed MPA self-assembled monolayer （SAM） through the widely used EDC/NHS cross-linking reaction as the recognition element. The bacteria immobilization was verified efficiently through the electrochemical measurements and fluorescence microscopy observations. The specific adsorption was much stronger than the non-specific adsorption of phage T4 binding to the biosensor surface modified by E. coli, and the latter could be neglected. The detection sensitivity reached 1×10^7 PFU/mL within 10 min. Within the experimental phage concentrations, the linear cor- relation between the SPR response and the phage concentration was good. The results suggest that the SPR technique is a po- tentially powerful tool for the phage or other virus detections, as a label-free, real-time, and rapid method.
