苯酚是一种重要的化工原料并广泛存在于工业废水中,随着各国对苯酚生物毒性的认识,排放标准日益提高。生物法作为一种高效、低成本、不易二次污染的方法常用于含酚的废水处理。但是可降解苯酚的微生物筛选却是一个复杂繁琐的过程。衰减...苯酚是一种重要的化工原料并广泛存在于工业废水中,随着各国对苯酚生物毒性的认识,排放标准日益提高。生物法作为一种高效、低成本、不易二次污染的方法常用于含酚的废水处理。但是可降解苯酚的微生物筛选却是一个复杂繁琐的过程。衰减全反射傅里叶红外光谱(attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared,ATR-FTIR)技术是一种高效、快捷、高指纹特性的物理检测技术,主成分分析联用最小偏二乘法(principal component analysis-partial least squares,PCA-PLS)是一种有效提取特征指纹峰并建立模型的方法,该实验联合ATR-FTIR检测技术和PCA-PLS统计方法建立苯酚浓度与吸光度模型,可以快速检测固体培养基中底物浓度。实验建立模型判定系数可以达到99.5%,预测集的判定系数可以到达99.4%,说明模型具有较高的拟合性和推广性。通过模型可以预测出菌株降解后固体培养基底物浓度,筛选出可降解苯酚功能微生物,传统的液体培养并采用气相色谱检测残留苯酚浓度筛选出的结果与ATR-FTIR方法筛选出结果进行对比发现,得到相同的筛选结果。结果表明ATR-FTIR联合PCA-PLS建立高拟合度模型,可以快速检测固体培养基底物浓度,从而达到快速筛选可降解苯酚菌的目的,这种方法可以应用到其他有特征指纹峰的底物中,ATR-FTIR是一种可以广泛应用到功能微生物筛选的快速检测方法。展开更多
Methanol oxidation reaction （MOR） at Pt and Pt electrode surface deposited with various amounts of Ru （denoted as PtxRuy, nominal coverage y is 0.17, 0.27, and 0.44 ML） in 0.1 mol/L HClO4＋0.5 mol/L MeOH has been ...Methanol oxidation reaction （MOR） at Pt and Pt electrode surface deposited with various amounts of Ru （denoted as PtxRuy, nominal coverage y is 0.17, 0.27, and 0.44 ML） in 0.1 mol/L HClO4＋0.5 mol/L MeOH has been studied under potentiostatic conditions by in situ FTIR spectroscopy in attenuated-total-reflection con guration and di erential electro-chemical mass spectrometry under controlled flow conditions. Results reveal that （i） CO is the only methanol-related adsorbate observed by IR spectroscopy at all the Pt and PtRu electrodes examined at potentials from 0.3 V to 0.6 V （vs. RHE）; （ii） at Pt0.56Ru0.44, two IR bands, one from CO adsorbed at Ru islands and the other from COL at Pt substrate are detected, while at other electrodes, only a single band for COL adsorbed at Pt is observed; （iii） MOR activity decreases in the order of Pt0.73Ru0.27〉Pt0.56Ru0.44〉Pt0.83Ru0.17〉Pt; （iv） at 0.5 V, MOR at Pt0.73Ru0.27 reaches a current e ciency of 50% for CO2 production, the turn-over frequency from CH3OH to CO2 is ca. 0.1 molecule/（site sec）. Suggestions for further improving of PtRu catalysts for MOR are provided.展开更多
基金Tianjin Science and Technology Support Program(13ZCZDSF00600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31270050)
文摘苯酚是一种重要的化工原料并广泛存在于工业废水中,随着各国对苯酚生物毒性的认识,排放标准日益提高。生物法作为一种高效、低成本、不易二次污染的方法常用于含酚的废水处理。但是可降解苯酚的微生物筛选却是一个复杂繁琐的过程。衰减全反射傅里叶红外光谱(attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared,ATR-FTIR)技术是一种高效、快捷、高指纹特性的物理检测技术,主成分分析联用最小偏二乘法(principal component analysis-partial least squares,PCA-PLS)是一种有效提取特征指纹峰并建立模型的方法,该实验联合ATR-FTIR检测技术和PCA-PLS统计方法建立苯酚浓度与吸光度模型,可以快速检测固体培养基中底物浓度。实验建立模型判定系数可以达到99.5%,预测集的判定系数可以到达99.4%,说明模型具有较高的拟合性和推广性。通过模型可以预测出菌株降解后固体培养基底物浓度,筛选出可降解苯酚功能微生物,传统的液体培养并采用气相色谱检测残留苯酚浓度筛选出的结果与ATR-FTIR方法筛选出结果进行对比发现,得到相同的筛选结果。结果表明ATR-FTIR联合PCA-PLS建立高拟合度模型,可以快速检测固体培养基底物浓度,从而达到快速筛选可降解苯酚菌的目的,这种方法可以应用到其他有特征指纹峰的底物中,ATR-FTIR是一种可以广泛应用到功能微生物筛选的快速检测方法。
文摘Methanol oxidation reaction （MOR） at Pt and Pt electrode surface deposited with various amounts of Ru （denoted as PtxRuy, nominal coverage y is 0.17, 0.27, and 0.44 ML） in 0.1 mol/L HClO4＋0.5 mol/L MeOH has been studied under potentiostatic conditions by in situ FTIR spectroscopy in attenuated-total-reflection con guration and di erential electro-chemical mass spectrometry under controlled flow conditions. Results reveal that （i） CO is the only methanol-related adsorbate observed by IR spectroscopy at all the Pt and PtRu electrodes examined at potentials from 0.3 V to 0.6 V （vs. RHE）; （ii） at Pt0.56Ru0.44, two IR bands, one from CO adsorbed at Ru islands and the other from COL at Pt substrate are detected, while at other electrodes, only a single band for COL adsorbed at Pt is observed; （iii） MOR activity decreases in the order of Pt0.73Ru0.27〉Pt0.56Ru0.44〉Pt0.83Ru0.17〉Pt; （iv） at 0.5 V, MOR at Pt0.73Ru0.27 reaches a current e ciency of 50% for CO2 production, the turn-over frequency from CH3OH to CO2 is ca. 0.1 molecule/（site sec）. Suggestions for further improving of PtRu catalysts for MOR are provided.
