放射性药物内照射剂量计算软件(Ⅰ)——源器官衰变数的计算

为快速、准确的计算核衰变数 ,本工作在简要介绍计算模式的基础上提出了一个用VB6 .0编制的专门软件BIKNC 1.0。验算结果表明 。

吸入粒子在呼吸道各隔室发生的衰变数及其向血液、胃肠转移的份额

本文比较全面地阐述了 ICRP新呼吸道模型关于吸入气溶胶廓清过程的种种假定 ,给出了吸入气溶胶在源隔室中滞留时间、发生的衰变数及其向血液、胃肠转移份额的计算公式 ,并采用这些公式对职业人员单次吸入的长寿命放射性气溶胶进行了相应计算 ,计算结果与 ICRP的相应值基本一致。与ICRP66的例题计算不同 ,本文计入了与粒子输运相关的隔室内 S类物质的早期快速吸收。

肝-胆排泄模型的数学表达

本文提出肝 -胆排泄模型的数学表达 ,以注入血液的 99m Tc标记的亚氨基二乙酸 (IDA)衍生物为例 ,说明该数学表达的应用 ,得到与

肾-膀胱排泄的剂量学模型

计算有效剂量时 ,膀胱有 0 .0 5的组织权重因子值。为计算摄入放射性物质对膀胱壁产生的当量剂量 ,需要放射性物质经肾 膀胱排泄的剂量学模型。ICRP 5 3号出版物给出了该模型的数学表达式。不过 ,这些表达式只适用于能从体液直接经尿排泄的物质。本文导出了摄入放射性物质经体内若干器官、组织依次转移然后经尿排出时 ,其在肾尿路、膀胱内容物中衰变数的计算式 ,并以吸入99mTc标记的DTPA气溶胶为例 。

一类直径为3的2-连通图的最大亏格

用 ξ( G)表示图 G的 Betti亏数 ,ζ( G)表示图 G的衰变数 ,本文在文献 [5 ]图的结构上增加点和边得到一类直径为 3的 2 -连通类极图 (即 m=2 n-5 ) .通过计算此类图的ξ( G′)和ζ( G′)的范围 。

A 1×4 Polymeric Digital Optical Switch Based on the Thermo-Optic Effect

We present a 1 × 4 Y-branch digital optical switch in which S-bend variable optical attenuators are integrated. The S-bend waveguides, which are always introduced to connect the switch and the standard fiber array, are made use of and designed as variable optical attenuators. A compact device with low crosstalk and larger branching-angle is obtained. The device is fabricated on the thermo-optic polymer materials,and the performance of the device is measured. With an applied driving power of less than 200mW, the device has a low crosstalk of less than - 35dB at a wavelength of 1.55 μm.

什么是放射性活度、放射性浓度和比活度？其单位是什么？

答：放射性活度是用来描写放射性核素衰变强弱的，表示在单位时间间隔内发生的核衰变数。其单位按照国际单位的专用名称是贝可勒尔（Becquerel），简称贝可（Bq），定义为1秒内1次衰变，即：1Bq=1s^（-1）；

New Approach for Solving Master Equations in Quantum Optics and Quantum Statistics by Virtue of Thermo-Entangled State Representation

By introducing a fictitious mode to be a counterpart mode of the system mode under review we introduce the entangled state representation （η｜, which can arrange master equations of density operators p（t） in quantum statistics as state-vector evolution equations due to the elegant properties of （η｜. In this way many master equations （respectively describing damping oscillator, laser, phase sensitive, and phase diffusion processes with different initial density operators） can be concisely solved. Specially, for a damping process characteristic of the decay constant k we find that the matrix element of p（t） at time t in 〈η｜ representation is proportional to that of the initial po in the decayed entangled state （ηe^-kt｜ representation, accompanying with a Gaussian damping factor. Thus we have a new insight about the nature of the dissipative process. We also set up the so-called thermo-entangled state representation of density operators, ρ = f（d^2η/π）（η｜ρ〉D（η）, which is different from all the previous known representations.

The roll damping assessment via decay model testing (new ideas about an old subject)

The methodology to obtain the non-linear roll damping from decay tests is very old. It has been proposed by Froude in the 19th century and used from then on. Behind it there is a quadratic model [θ｜θ｜] for the damping and a subsequent equivalent linearization. Probably all model basin in the world follows this approach to assess the damping from a methods to get the P1-P2 coefficients. This is very applied to any kind of hull. However, it has become decay test. This is well documented and so is the general in the sense that in principle, it could be clear that for hull with a flat bottom such as a very large crude carrier （VLCC）, this approach may lead to confusing results such as negative P2. Faced with this, the work presents a completely new idea. Avoiding the polynomial approximation, the basic attitude is to devise two regions from the decaying test response. The first, called the large amplitude response region yields a larger damping, probably due to the large bilge keel vortices that are attracted to the hull flat bottom. The second is the small amplitude response region where the vortices are not attracted to the bottom but travels approximately 45° sidewise. These observations has led to a new approach called the bi-linear approach as discussed in the work after analyzing several （many） model test results. In fact, a new modified bi-linear approach is ultimately proposed after the understanding of a transition region instead of a transition angle.

Charmonium Spectrum and Their Transitions in Relativistic Quark Models

Using the phenomenological relativistic harmonic model （RHM） for quarks, we have obtained the masses of S wave charmonium states. The full Hamiltonian used in the investigation has Lorentz scalar plus vector confinement potential, along with the confined one gluon exchange potential （COGEP）. A good agreement with the experimental masses for the ground state and the radially excited states is obtained for both the triplet and singlet S wave mesons. The calculated charge radii, meson decay constants, leptonic decay width, two photon decay width, and the radiative M1 decay width are in good agreement with the experimental results.

A Study on Radiative Dileptonic Decays B^0（Bs）→γe^＋e^-

We study the rare radiative dileptonlc decays B^0（Bs）→γe^＋e^- （e = e, μ） in the standard model By using the B meson wave function constrained by non-leptonic decays, the branching ratios turn out to be of the order of 10^-9 for Bs→γe^＋e^-, γe^＋e^-, and 10^-10 for Bs→γe^＋e^-, γe^＋e^-. Based on the study, these decays are accessible at the near future LHC-b experiment, which are useful to determine the B（B,） wave function.

B→D_s^((*))η^(('))Decays in Perturbative QCD

In this paper,we calculate the branching ratios for B^+→D_s^+η,B^+→D_s^+η′,B^+→D_s^(*+)η and B^+→D_s^(*+)η′decays by employing the perturbative QCD (pQCD) factorization approach.Under the two kinds of η-η′ mixingschemes,the quark-flavor mixing scheme and the singlet-octet mixing scheme,we find that the calculated branchingratios agree well with the currently available experimental upper limits.We also consider the so called 'f_D_s puzzle',byusing two groups of parameters about the D_s^((*)) meson decay constants,that are f_D_s = 241 MeV,f_D_s~* = 272 MeV andf_D_s = 274 MeV,f_D_s~* = 312 MeV,to calculate the branching ratios for the considered decays.We find that the resultschange 30% by using these two different kinds of paramters.

A Comparative Study of f_B within QCD Sum Rules with Two Typical Correlators up to Next-to-Leading Order

The B-meson decay constant fB is an important component for studying the B-meson decays, which can be studied through QCD sum rules. We make a detailed discussion on f B from two sum rules up to next-to- leading order, i.e. sum rules I and II, which are derived from the conventional correlator and the correlator with chiral currents respectively. It is found that these two sum rules are consistent with each other. The sum rules H involves less non-perturbative condensates as that of sum rules I, and in principle, it can be more accurate if we know the dimensionfour gluon condensate well. It is found that fB decreases with the increment of mb, and to compare with the Belle experimental data on fB, both sum rules I and H prefer smaller pole b-quark mass, mb= 4.68 ± 0.07 GeV. By varying all the input parameters within their reasonable regions and by adding all the uncertainties in quadrature, we obtain fB=172-25^＋23 MeV for sum rules I and fB =214-34^26 MeV for sum rules П.

The Time-Frequency Energy Attenuation Factor and Its Application on the Basis of Gauss Linear Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wavelet Transform

Based on the Gauss linear frequency modulated wavelet transform, a new characteristic index is presented, namely time frequency energy attenuation factor which can reflect the difference features of waveform in earthquake focus mechanism, wave traveling path and its attenuation characteristics in focal area or near field. In order to test its validity, we select the natural earthquakes and explosion or collapse events whose focus mechanisms vary obviously,and some natural earthquakes located at the same site or in a very small area. The study indicates that the time frequency energy attenuation factors of the natural earthquakes are obviously different with that of explosion or collapse events, and the change of the time frequency energy attenuation factors is relatively stable for the earthquakes under the normal seismicity background. Using the above mentioned method, it is expected to offer a useful criterion for strong earthquake prediction by continuous earthquake observation.

Semileptonic Decays of B_s^(**) Mesons into D_(s1) and D_(s2)~* in HQET

In the framework of the heavy quark effective theory, the leading order Isgur-Wise functions relevant to semileptonie decays of the orbitally P-wave excited Bs meson states Bs＊, including the newly found narrow Bs1 （5830） andBs2（5840） states, into the （Ds1（2536）, Ds2（2573）） doublet are calculated from QCD sum rules. With these universal form factors, the decay rates and branching ratios are also estimated.

Uncertainty Study of B_d(B_s)→γv Decays

B^0(B+s)→γvv decays are useful to determining the decay constants f_B(f_B_s) and B(B_s) meson wavefunction.Using the B meson wave function determined in hadronic B(Bs) decays,we study the uncertainties due tothe types of B meson wave functions.We find that the branching ratios are sensitive to the type of wave functions andinput parameters,but the energy spectrum is independent.The predicted branching ratios are (0.45-1.04) ×10^(-9) and(2.14-3.27) × 10^(-8) for B^0 and B_s decay,respectively.

Analysis of Vector Meson Transitions Among Heavy Quarkonium States

In this article,we study the vector meson transitions among the charmonium and bottomonium states with the heavy quark effective theory in a systematic way,and make predictions for the ratios among the vector meson decay widths of a special multiplet to another multiplet.The predictions can be confronted with the experimental data in the future.

Benford's Law and β-Decay Half-Lives

The experimental values of 2059 β-decay half-lives are systematically analyzed and investigated. We have found that they are in satisfactory agreement with Benford＇s law, which states that the frequency of occurrence of each figure, 1-9, as the first significant digit in a surprisingly large number of different data sets follows a logarithmic distribution favoring the smaller ones. Benford＇s logarithmic distribution of β-deeay half-lives can be explained in terms of Neweomb＇s justification of Benford＇s law and empirical exponential law of β-decay half-lives. Moreover, we test the calculated values of 6721 β-decay half-lives with the aid of Benford＇s law. This indicates that Benford＇s law is useful for theoretical physicists to test their methods for calculating β-decay half-lives.

Treatment Registration and Nuclide Decay Calculation System

Objective ：To design a software to do the complicated and multiple calculations automatically in routine internal radionuelide irradiation therapy to avoid mistakes and shorten patients waiting times. Methods：The software is designed on the Microsoft Windows XP operating system. Visual Basic 5.0 and Microsoft Access 2000 are used respectively as the programming language and database system here. The data and DBGrid controls and VB data window guide of Visual Basic were used to control access to and Access database. Results ： Not only can the radioactivity of any radionuelide be calculated, but also the administered total iodine dose of therapy for hyperthyroidism or thyroid cancer and the total administered 153Sm-EDTMP solutions for remedy of bone metastasis of malignant tumor can be ciphered out. Conclusion ：The work becomes easier, faster, more correct and interesting when the software can make the complicated and multiple calculations automatically. Patients＇ information, diagnosis and treatment can be recorded for further study.