The dominant patterns of the winter(December-February)surface air temperature anomalies(SATAs)over Central Asia(CA)are investigated in this study.The first two leading modes revealed by empirical orthogonal function(E...The dominant patterns of the winter(December-February)surface air temperature anomalies(SATAs)over Central Asia(CA)are investigated in this study.The first two leading modes revealed by empirical orthogonal function(EOF)analysis represent the patterns by explaining 74%of the total variance.The positive phase of EOF1 is characterized by a monopole pattern,corresponding to cold SATAs over CA,while the positive phase of EOF2 shows a meridional dipole pattern with warm and cold SATAs over northern and southern CA.EOF1 is mainly modulated by the negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation(AO)in the troposphere,and the negative AO phase may be caused by the downward propagation of the precursory anomalies of the stratospheric polar vortex.EOF2 is mainly influenced by the Ural blocking pattern and the winter North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO).The SATAs associated with EOF2 can be attributed to a dipole-like pattern of geopotential height anomalies over CA.The dipole-like pattern is mainly caused by the Ural blocking pattern,and the NAO can also contribute to the northern part of the dipole.展开更多
This study analyses the possibilities for optimal land use structure in mountainous areas of rural Serbia, which is faced with problems such as unfavorable terrain characteristics and inadequate land use patterns caus...This study analyses the possibilities for optimal land use structure in mountainous areas of rural Serbia, which is faced with problems such as unfavorable terrain characteristics and inadequate land use patterns causing economic underdevelopment and increasing population migration. In the case of a small privately owned farm in Western Serbia, optimal land use pattern is determined using the linear programming model. The objective function-cost-effectiveness or soil erosion reduction, as well as constraints, are formulated using the benefit-cost ratio(BCR) for a 15-year production period and soil losses data calculated using the Universal Soil Loss Equation(USLE). The best results are achieved using the scenario with the aim to minimize soil erosion, considering the BCR in the constraints. This scenario is proposed since it was registered that the benefit for landowners would increase by five times, while the losses of land would decline about 80%. The sensitivity analysis of investments is performed to check whether the price variation affects the cost-effectiveness of proposed land use. Results show that market changes(nine cases are considered) do not lead to significant changes in land use allocation. Proposed land use pattern improves the environmental condition, strengthens the rural economy and thus offers the greatest potential for sustainable development of mountainous rural areas.展开更多
Population growth has consequences for intense use of aquatic ecosystems. Samples were taken, between 2013 and 2014, in the reservoirs ＂Algodoeiro＂ and ＂Gloria＂ in Sergipe, Brazil. TSI （Trophic State Index） and ...Population growth has consequences for intense use of aquatic ecosystems. Samples were taken, between 2013 and 2014, in the reservoirs ＂Algodoeiro＂ and ＂Gloria＂ in Sergipe, Brazil. TSI （Trophic State Index） and WQI （Water Quality Index） were used. It was determined the parameters such as conductivity, dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chlorophyll. TSI has been applied, in ＂Algodoeiro＂, which was classified as mesotrophic. With the increase of rainfall in 2014, this reservoir changed its condition to eutrophic. ＂Gloria＂ reservoir was already classified in super-eutrophication. Regarding the WQI, the reservoirs were classified in Class IV, indicating a critically degraded condition.展开更多
This paper is about the results of the project, ＂The Music in Uludag University from Asia to Balkans＂. In this project, cultures and traditional music of foreign students who are educated in Uludag University were s...This paper is about the results of the project, ＂The Music in Uludag University from Asia to Balkans＂. In this project, cultures and traditional music of foreign students who are educated in Uludag University were searched. The students who also play or sing their music were chosen from Indonesia, Republic of Bashkortostan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Egypt, Morocco, Ethiopia, Macedonia, Albania, Kosovo, and Bosnia Herzegovina. They had studied and practiced music for six weeks. In May 2015, they introduced their music with big organization host in campus concert hall organized by Uludag University, Turkish State and Relatives Community Applications and Research Center. These chosen students introduced their countries with their music and at the end of the concert in this research the outcomes and results of multicultural activity were examined. This paper was presented at 2015 West East Institute Academic Conference and the full paper was published at proceeding book.展开更多
基金This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 42088101 and 41730964]an Innovation Group Project of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)[grant number 311021001].
文摘The dominant patterns of the winter(December-February)surface air temperature anomalies(SATAs)over Central Asia(CA)are investigated in this study.The first two leading modes revealed by empirical orthogonal function(EOF)analysis represent the patterns by explaining 74%of the total variance.The positive phase of EOF1 is characterized by a monopole pattern,corresponding to cold SATAs over CA,while the positive phase of EOF2 shows a meridional dipole pattern with warm and cold SATAs over northern and southern CA.EOF1 is mainly modulated by the negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation(AO)in the troposphere,and the negative AO phase may be caused by the downward propagation of the precursory anomalies of the stratospheric polar vortex.EOF2 is mainly influenced by the Ural blocking pattern and the winter North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO).The SATAs associated with EOF2 can be attributed to a dipole-like pattern of geopotential height anomalies over CA.The dipole-like pattern is mainly caused by the Ural blocking pattern,and the NAO can also contribute to the northern part of the dipole.
基金a part of the Project No.43007,subproject No.16 funded by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia
文摘This study analyses the possibilities for optimal land use structure in mountainous areas of rural Serbia, which is faced with problems such as unfavorable terrain characteristics and inadequate land use patterns causing economic underdevelopment and increasing population migration. In the case of a small privately owned farm in Western Serbia, optimal land use pattern is determined using the linear programming model. The objective function-cost-effectiveness or soil erosion reduction, as well as constraints, are formulated using the benefit-cost ratio(BCR) for a 15-year production period and soil losses data calculated using the Universal Soil Loss Equation(USLE). The best results are achieved using the scenario with the aim to minimize soil erosion, considering the BCR in the constraints. This scenario is proposed since it was registered that the benefit for landowners would increase by five times, while the losses of land would decline about 80%. The sensitivity analysis of investments is performed to check whether the price variation affects the cost-effectiveness of proposed land use. Results show that market changes(nine cases are considered) do not lead to significant changes in land use allocation. Proposed land use pattern improves the environmental condition, strengthens the rural economy and thus offers the greatest potential for sustainable development of mountainous rural areas.
文摘Population growth has consequences for intense use of aquatic ecosystems. Samples were taken, between 2013 and 2014, in the reservoirs ＂Algodoeiro＂ and ＂Gloria＂ in Sergipe, Brazil. TSI （Trophic State Index） and WQI （Water Quality Index） were used. It was determined the parameters such as conductivity, dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chlorophyll. TSI has been applied, in ＂Algodoeiro＂, which was classified as mesotrophic. With the increase of rainfall in 2014, this reservoir changed its condition to eutrophic. ＂Gloria＂ reservoir was already classified in super-eutrophication. Regarding the WQI, the reservoirs were classified in Class IV, indicating a critically degraded condition.
文摘This paper is about the results of the project, ＂The Music in Uludag University from Asia to Balkans＂. In this project, cultures and traditional music of foreign students who are educated in Uludag University were searched. The students who also play or sing their music were chosen from Indonesia, Republic of Bashkortostan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Egypt, Morocco, Ethiopia, Macedonia, Albania, Kosovo, and Bosnia Herzegovina. They had studied and practiced music for six weeks. In May 2015, they introduced their music with big organization host in campus concert hall organized by Uludag University, Turkish State and Relatives Community Applications and Research Center. These chosen students introduced their countries with their music and at the end of the concert in this research the outcomes and results of multicultural activity were examined. This paper was presented at 2015 West East Institute Academic Conference and the full paper was published at proceeding book.
