西藏冬虫夏草寄生镰孢属真菌生物学特性分析

[目的]对西藏冬虫夏草寄生镰孢属真菌进行生物学特性分析。[方法]以从新鲜冬虫夏草体上分离得到了镰刀菌菌株为材料,对其进行菌株和孢子形态观察。[结果]此种菌株在大米培养基上生长茂盛,菌丝呈白色绒毛状,基质呈米黄色到粉红色;菌株在(18±4)℃条件下培养2周后,产生乳白色突起,里面有淡黄色的厚垣孢子,分大小2种孢子;通过安斯沃斯分类系统查阅分离到的菌株属于丝孢纲瘤座孢目镰孢属的一种;对菌株的大孢子观察发现有3种类型大孢子,而其中2种的形态比较特别,在安斯沃斯分类系统中未有描述。[结论]此次从西藏冬虫夏草上分离到的菌株,与查阅相关资料记载的镰孢属真菌结构有很大区别,有待于做进一步研究。

西藏产冬虫夏草化学成分研究

目的 研究冬虫夏草 [Cordycepssinensis (Berk)Sacc.]的化学成分。 方法 利用硅胶柱色谱 ,从西藏产冬虫夏草石油醚、氯仿部分中分离得到 8个化合物 ,经波谱分析 ,理化常数及与已知化合物对照 ,鉴定其结构。结果 分别鉴定为棕榈酸(Ⅰ )、麦角甾醇 (Ⅱ )、麦角甾醇过氧化物 (Ⅲ )、胆甾醇 (Ⅳ )、β 谷甾醇 (Ⅴ )、咖啡因 (Ⅵ )、啤酒甾醇 (Ⅶ )、N (2′ 羟基 二十四酰基 ) 2 氨基 1,3,4 三羟基 十八 8E 烯 (Ⅷ )。结论 化合物Ⅵ ,Ⅶ ,Ⅷ为首次从本科植物中分离得到 ,且化合物Ⅷ为首次以单体形式分离得到。

Investigation of Biological Characteristics of Parasitic Fusarium Fungi from Tibetan Cordyceps sinensis

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the biological characteristics of parasitic Fusarium fungi from tibetan Cordyceps sinensis. [Method] A Fusarium strain was isolated from fresh tibetan Cordyceps sinensis as the experimental material, to observe the morphologies of Fusarium mycelium and spores. [Result] The isolated Fusarium fungus strain grew lushly on rice medium, with white and villiform myceliurn, and the villous stroma appeared in colors from beige to pink. After cultivated at （18 ± 4） ℃ for 14 d, the Fusarium strain produced milky white protrusions containing pale yellow chlamydospores, which can be divided into microconidiums and macroconidiums based on the different sizes. According to Ainsworth＇s classification system, the isolated strain belongs to Fusarium, Tuberculariales, Hyphomycetes, adelomycete subphylum. Further observation identified three types of macroconidium, and two of them showed distinct morphology, which was not described in Ainsworth＇s classification system. [Conclusion] The structure of the strain isolated from tibetan Cordyceps sinensis is significantly different from that of Fusariurn fungi recorded in relevant literatures, which requires further investigation.