基于双液芯柱透镜测量液相扩散系数-等观察高度测量法

介绍了一种基于双液芯柱透镜(DLCL)测量液相扩散系数的方法-等观察高度测量法,该方法利用双液芯柱透镜的前液芯作为扩散池和主要成像元件,后液芯作为辅助消球差元件。选择双液芯柱透镜上某一固定高度作为观测位置,根据观测位置处扩散图像宽度随时间的变化规律,基于Fick第二定律计算液相扩散系数。用等观察高度测量法测得室温(25℃)下0.33mol/L氯化钾水溶液的扩散系数D=1.8530×10-5 cm2/s,测量结果与文献值之间的相对误差为0.65%。该方法利用双液芯柱透镜在一定折射率范围内减小球差的优势,使得测量液相扩散系数具有精度高(相对误差小于1%)、速度快(测量时间约为60min)和扩散过程可视化的特点。

土壤重金属铬、铅、铜不同形态分析方法仪器测定条件的优化

采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪对土壤重金属铬、铜、铅形态进行分析。对ICP-OES的分析谱线、RF功率、雾化气流量、观察高度和观察方式等仪器条件进行优化,确定了测定土壤重金属形态分析的仪器最优条件和技术流程。使用国家标准物质GBW07443、GBW07444、GBW07445进行准确度测试。实验结果显示,测定腐殖酸结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态、强有机结合态、残渣态时的最佳工作条件为:分析谱线分别是Cr 205.560 nm、Cr 267.716 nm、Cu 327.395 nm、Pb 220.363 nm、Pb 283.305 nm,RF功率分别是1.1 W、0.9 W、0.9 W、1.0 W,雾化器流速分别是0.70 L·min^(-1)、0.85 L·min^(-1)、0.9 L·min^(-1)、0.85 L·min^(-1),观察高度分别是9 mm、11 mm、14 mm、12 mm,观察方式为轴向。

从新视角分析“硬币消失”实验

“消失的硬币”是光学现象的一个有趣实验。但是观察者很容易忽略硬币是逐渐“融化”的这个细节。针对烧杯注水之后硬币逐渐消失的现象，可通过区分光线走过的两种不同的路径（一部分光线经过4个界面、部分光线经过5个界面）来进行分析。当杯中水位较低时，所有经过4个界面的光线都不会发生全反射，观察者能从任何高度看到硬币。当杯中水位较高时，大部分经过4个界面的光线在某些界面上发生了全反射，于是观察者完全看不到硬币。少部分路径经过5个界面的光线不会发生全反射，但观察者必须提高观察高度才能看到硬币。

Clinical Observations on Therapeutic Effects of the Modified Shengjing Zhongzi Tang(生精种子汤) in Patients with Asthenospermia and Oligozoospermia

Objective:To compare the therapeutic effects of Shengjing Zhongzi Tang(生精种子汤Decoction for Generating Sperms) and Wuzi Yanzong Wan(五子衍宗丸Pills for Reproduction) for asthenospermia and oligozoospermia.Methods:Seventy patients with asthenospermia and oligozoospermia were divided into a treatment group of 35 cases treated with Shengjing Zhongzi Tang and a control group of 35 cases treated with Wuzi Yanzong Wan for 3 months respectively.The therapeutic effects were evaluated,the semen parameters were analyzed and the spermatic morphology was judged before and after treatment.Results:In the treatment group,the total effective rate was 91.4% with a pregnant rate of 8.6% spouses,and the markedly effective rate was 65.7%.In the control group,the total effective rate was 85.7% with a pregnant rate of 5.7% spouses,and the markedly effective rate was 54.3%.Both the total effective rate and the markedly effective rate were higher in the treatment group than those in the control group,but with no significant statistical difference(P>0.05).The spermatic density,spermatic motility and the percentage of normal spermatic morphology were obviously enhanced in the two groups with the indexes in the treatment group superior to those in the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:Shengjing Zhongzi Tang with obvious therapeutic effects for asthenospermia and oligozoospermia can significantly enhance the spermatic density and motility,and raise the pregnant rate in spouses.