规划实施新型定量评价模式探索--“城市发展规划指数”体系构建及实证研究

针对当前城乡规划实施绩效评估的精细化管理需求,为促进提升动态监测、定量反馈、预警响应和决策支撑能力,探索引入定量评价更具优势、关联分析更具深度的指数评价方法,建立科学定量评价规划实施进程和发展效果的"城市发展规划指数"评价体系。明确提出"城市发展规划指数"的概念内涵、体系框架、评价方法和运行流程,在宏观层面形成系统完整的核心理论构架;以北京10个新城为分析样本,选取其中1个二级指数——"城市职能发育指数"完成深化设计和实证运行,在中观层面取得可靠的应用检验结论。构建城市发展规划指数评价机制,为客观揭示城市规划实施过程中的发展特征和质量内涵提供了新型定量评价模式,为规划管理部门从规划实施角度参与政府绩效评价提供了新型技术手段。

中国省级规划执行进程测度:指数构建及其时空分布

新中国成立以来,中央政府制定的五年计划或规划对经济与社会发展产生了极为重要的影响,但一个全面系统的能定量评估“十三五”和“十四五”期间规划执行进程水平的理论框架在学术界尚未出现。利用中央及地方政府文件中提出的规划指标,构建中国省级规划执行进程指数,测度2016—2021年间中国各省市规划执行情况。研究发现,2021年各省市“十四五”规划目标的平均完成度为77%,且之间存在较大差异;2020年,超过60%的省份完成了“十三五”规划目标,各省市“十三五”规划执行情况随年份表现出显著的空间相关性。

基于AcrGIS的水库移民安置区土地利用规划方法

由于传统方法在水库移民安置区土地利用规划应用中,规划方案与实际需求一致性系数较低,因此文章提出基于AcrGIS的水库移民安置区土地利用规划方法。利用AcrGIS技术获取水库移民安置区地理数据,并对数据进行格式调整、坐标转换等处理,根据获取的水库移民安置区地理数据,预测水库移民安置区土地利用程度及社会发展水平,选取自然因素和社会因素两大类指标,对水库移民安置区土地利用综合分析,计算出土地利用空间规划综合指数,根据指数对土地类型进行区分。经实验证明,设计方法规划结果与实际需求一致性系数高于传统方法,具有较好的可行性与可靠性。

Kinematic Analysis and Trajectory Planning of J-Groove Welding Robot

This paper introduces the complexity and particularity of tube-sphere intersection weld(J-groove weld) and establishes the mathematical model of tube-sphere intersection trajectory.Based on the characteristics of J-groove welds,the computational process of welding gun orientation is first simplified.Then the kinematic algorithm of a welding robot is obtained according to screw theory and exponential product formula.Finally,Solidworks and SimMechanics are employed to simulate the kinematics of the welding robot,which proves the feasibility of the kinematic algorithm.

Hybrid particle swarm optimization with chaotic search for solving integer and mixed integer programming problems

A novel chaotic search method is proposed,and a hybrid algorithm combining particle swarm optimization(PSO) with this new method,called CLSPSO,is put forward to solve 14 integer and mixed integer programming problems.The performances of CLSPSO are compared with those of other five hybrid algorithms combining PSO with chaotic search methods.Experimental results indicate that in terms of robustness and final convergence speed,CLSPSO is better than other five algorithms in solving many of these problems.Furthermore,CLSPSO exhibits good performance in solving two high-dimensional problems,and it finds better solutions than the known ones.A performance index(PI) is introduced to fairly compare the above six algorithms,and the obtained values of(PI) in three cases demonstrate that CLSPSO is superior to all the other five algorithms under the same conditions.

Watershed Prioritization of Palar Sub-watershed Based on the Morphometric and Land Use Analysis

Morphometric analysis is an indispensable tool for hydrological investigation that involves the development and management of drainage basin. This study characterizes the micro watersheds in the Palar sub-watershed using morphometric analysis and assesses its risk by land use and land cover features in a particular micro watershed. Palar sub-watershed is divided into 6 micro watersheds for prioritization based on morphometric and land use analysis. Several morphometric parameters （linear, shape and relief） are determined from the drainage map; ranks are assigned based on their capacity to induce erodability and degradation. Final ranking is based on the composite index calculated from the sum of the ranks of each morphometric parameter. Morphometric analysis reveals micro watersheds 5 and 6 as most susceptible and 2 and 3 as low susceptible. Land use is mapped using IRS ID LISS III satellite data. The risk in terms of watershed degradation involved to each micro watershed is based on the ranks of each land use feature, obtained from a similar composite index as that of morphometric analysis. Land use analysis shows that micro watersheds 2 and 4 fall under high priority category while 5 and 6 under low priority category. Integration of the morphometric and land use analysis shows that only microwatershed 1 falls under the same category in both analyses. Control measures are suggested to contain degradation depending on its specific land use pattern and morphometric features. This study ean be used to prepare a comprehensive watershed plan for the development or for planning resource conservation strategies, by integrating land use features with the drainage characteristics of the region, in particular for a hill ecosystem as the prioritization is at micro level.

Groundwater Quality Index Mapping for Gulbarga City, Karnataka State, India

The present work is aimed at assessing the water quality index （WQI） for the groundwater for Gulbarga city. The water quality index （WQI） is a mathematical instrument used to transform large quantities of water quality data into a single number which represents the water quality level. In fact, developing WQI in an area is a fundamental process in the planning of land use and water resources management. One can then compare different samples for quality on the basis of the index value of each sample. The present work relates to the development of water quality index for the study area based on the experimental results of physicochemical analysis of water samples. For calculating the WQI, the following 11 parameters have been considered, pH, TH, Ca, Mg, NO3, SO4, TDS, F, CI, K and Na. The WQI for these samples ranges from 10.40 to 155. Using developed indices, groundwater isopleth map has been prepared for study area. In the case study, the WQI map reveals that groundwater quality in two areas is extremely near to mineral water quality. Created index map provides a comprehensive picture that is easily interpretable for regional decision makers for better planning and management. The results of analysis have been used to suggest models for predicting water quality. The analysis reveals that the groundwater of the area needs some degree of treatment before consumption, and it also needs to be protected from the perils of contamination.

Road Centrality and Landscape Spatial Patterns in Wuhan Metropolitan Area,China

Road network is a corridor system that interacts with surrounding landscapes,and understanding their interaction helps to develop an optimal plan for sustainable transportation and land use.This study investigates the relationships between road centrality and landscape patterns in the Wuhan Metropolitan Area,China.The densities of centrality measures,including closeness,betweenness,and straightness,are calculated by kernel density estimation(KDE).The landscape patterns are characterized by four landscape metrics,including percentage of landscape(PLAND),Shannon′s diversity index(SHDI),mean patch size(MPS),and mean shape index(MSI).Spearman rank correlation analysis is then used to quantify their relationships at both landscape and class levels.The results show that the centrality measures can reflect the hierarchy of road network as they associate with road grade.Further analysis exhibit that as centrality densities increase,the whole landscape becomes more fragmented and regular.At the class level,the forest gradually decreases and becomes fragmented,while the construction land increases and turns to more compact.Therefore,these findings indicate that the ability and potential applications of centrality densities estimated by KDE in quantifying the relationships between roads and landscapes,can provide detailed information and valuable guidance for transportation and land-use planning as well as a new insight into ecological effects of roads.