为提高物联网(IOT)应用中源节点位置距离基站较近时的隐私保护强度,提出基于不规则环的源位置隐私保护路由协议RBIR(routing based irregular ring)。设计一种创建不规则环的方法并分析环的最佳创建区域,结合中间节点实现数据包的转发...为提高物联网(IOT)应用中源节点位置距离基站较近时的隐私保护强度,提出基于不规则环的源位置隐私保护路由协议RBIR(routing based irregular ring)。设计一种创建不规则环的方法并分析环的最佳创建区域,结合中间节点实现数据包的转发。中间节点的选择受到约束,避免路径交叉;动态更新环节点,使环节点能耗分散,延长网络寿命。仿真结果表明,RBIR的网络寿命较长且安全性较好,当源节点距离基站较近时,有效保证了源位置的隐私。展开更多
结合两类定位基(邻对位基和间位基)单取代苯的亲电取代反应实验结果,采用Materials Studio 8.0软件中的DMol3模块,对3种单取代苯环上C原子的Mulliken原子电荷和Mulliken Fukui函数进行了计算模拟。结合实验结果进行讨论分析,使学生们掌...结合两类定位基(邻对位基和间位基)单取代苯的亲电取代反应实验结果,采用Materials Studio 8.0软件中的DMol3模块,对3种单取代苯环上C原子的Mulliken原子电荷和Mulliken Fukui函数进行了计算模拟。结合实验结果进行讨论分析,使学生们掌握取代基的电子效应(诱导效应、共轭效应),深刻理解芳环上亲电取代反应的定位规则的本质。融合了多学科的教学内容和灵活的教学方式,培养了学生发现问题、分析问题及解决问题的能力。展开更多
AIM: To investigate the molecular pathways involved in human cholangiocarcinogenesis by gene expression profiling. METHODS: Oligonucleotide arrays (Affymetrix U133A) were used to establish a specific gene expression p...AIM: To investigate the molecular pathways involved in human cholangiocarcinogenesis by gene expression profiling. METHODS: Oligonucleotide arrays (Affymetrix U133A) were used to establish a specific gene expression profile of intrahepatic CCC in comparison to corresponding non- malignant liver tissue. To validate the expression values of the most overexpressed genes, RT-PCR experiments were performed. RESULTS: Five hundred and fifty-two statistically differentially expressed genes/ESTs (221 probes significantly up-regulated, 331 probes down-regulated; P < 0.05; fold change > 2; ≥ 70%) were identified. Using these data and two-dimensional cluster analysis,a specific gene expression profile was obtained allowing fast and reproducible differentiation of CCC, which was confirmed by supervised neuronal network modelling. The most consistently overexpressed gene (median fold change 33.5, significantly overexpressed in 100%) encoded osteopontin. Furthermore, an association of various genes with the histopathological grading could be demonstrated. CONCLUSION: A highly specific gene expression profile for intrahepatic CCC was identified, allowing for its fast and reproducible discrimination against non- malignant liver tissue and other liver masses. The most overexpressed gene in intrahepatic CCC was the gene encoding osteopontin. These data may lead to a better understanding of human cholangiocarcinogenesis.展开更多
The essay focuses on the question ＂what does the evideace on environmental regulation and its implementation tell us about the extent of eco-centric management in China and how to improve it＂. The first part will in...The essay focuses on the question ＂what does the evideace on environmental regulation and its implementation tell us about the extent of eco-centric management in China and how to improve it＂. The first part will introduce ecocentrism, eco.centric management, and one major way to achieve eco-centric management in reality. Second. the environmental regulations of United Nation （UN） and China will be analyzed and compared to find out whether they are eco-centric. Moreover, the implementation of environmental regulation in China will be analyzed because regulatitm cannnt exist without proper implementation. Three suggestions were given to improve eco-centric management in China： natural science research and public administration, environmental education, international cooperation.展开更多
In this paper, we study spatially periodic system with infinite globally coupled oscillators driven by temporal-spatial noise and subject to a constant force. The results show that the system exhibits the phenomena of...In this paper, we study spatially periodic system with infinite globally coupled oscillators driven by temporal-spatial noise and subject to a constant force. The results show that the system exhibits the phenomena of the non-equilibrium phase transition, transport of particles, and the anomalous hysteresis cycle for the mean field and the probability current.展开更多
Progression of cells from G2 phase of the cell cycle to mitosis is a tightly regulated cellular process that requires activation of the Cdc2 kinase, which determines onset of mitosis in all eukaryotic cells. In both h...Progression of cells from G2 phase of the cell cycle to mitosis is a tightly regulated cellular process that requires activation of the Cdc2 kinase, which determines onset of mitosis in all eukaryotic cells. In both human and fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) cells, the activity of Cdc2 is regulated in part by the phosphorylation status of tyrosine 15 (Tyr15) on Cdc2, which is phosphorylated by Wee1 kinase during late G2 and is rapidly dephosphorylated by the Cdc25 tyrosine phosphatase to trigger entry into mitosis. These Cdc2 regulators are the downstream targets of two well- characterized G2/M checkpoint pathways which prevent cells from entering mitosis when cellular DNA is damaged or when DNA replication is inhibited. Increasing evidence suggests that Cdc2 is also commonly targeted by viral proteins, which modulate host cell cycle machinery to benefit viral survival or replication. In this review, we describe the effect of viral protein R (Vpr) encoded by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) on cell cycle G2/M regulation. Based on our current knowledge about this viral effect, we hypothesize that Vpr induces cell cycle G2 arrest through a mechanism that is to some extent different from the classic G2/M checkpoints. One the unique features distinguishing Vpr-induced G2 arrest from the classic checkpoints is the role of phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in Vpr-induced G2 arrest. Interestingly, PP2A is targeted by a number of other viral proteins including SV40 small T antigen, polyomavirus T antigen, HTLV Tax and adenovirus E4orf4. Thus an in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying Vpr-induced G2 arrest will provide additional insights into the basic biology of cell cycle G2/M regulation and into the biological significance of this effect during host-pathogen interactions.展开更多
As a growing number of countries, including both developed and developing countries, have in recent yearstaken environmental regulation at different levels, a question of great concern has been raised: can the regulat...As a growing number of countries, including both developed and developing countries, have in recent yearstaken environmental regulation at different levels, a question of great concern has been raised: can the regulation alterthe existing trade volume and trade pattern, and ultimately drive pollution-intensive industries to countries with low-levelregulations or even those without regulations at all? Starting from the three different propositions concerning therelationship between environmental regulation and trade pattern, this paper applies cointegration analysis and errorcorrection model to empirically testing the relationship between environmental regulation and trade in China during theperiod of 1985-2005. Our empirical results indicate that in the short run the collection of pollution discharge fees bearsa positive impact on the export share of clean products of total exports. Thus, higher pollution discharge fees raise theratio of clean products exports to total exports. This further indicates that more stringent environmental regulationpromotes the exports of clean products. In the long run pollution discharge fees are positively correlated with the exportshare of clean products but negatively associated with their import share. Such correlations imply that environmentalregulation tends to facilitate the international specialization in line with comparative advantages.展开更多
Koetzig put forward a question on strongly-regular self-complementary graphs, that is, for any natural number k, whether there exists a strongLy-regular self- complementary graph whose order is 4k ＋ 1, where 4k ＋ 1 ...Koetzig put forward a question on strongly-regular self-complementary graphs, that is, for any natural number k, whether there exists a strongLy-regular self- complementary graph whose order is 4k ＋ 1, where 4k ＋ 1 = x^2 ＋ y^2, x and y are positive integers; what is the minimum number that made there exist at least two non-isomorphic strongly-regular self-complementary graphs. In this paper, we use two famous lemmas to generalize the existential conditions for strongly-regular self-complementary circular graphs with 4k ＋ 1 orders.展开更多
This letter proposes a novel and simple construction of regular Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes using sparse binary sequences. It utilizes the cyclic cross correlation function of sparse sequences to generate co...This letter proposes a novel and simple construction of regular Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes using sparse binary sequences. It utilizes the cyclic cross correlation function of sparse sequences to generate codes with girth8. The new codes perform well using the sumproduct decoding. Low encodingcomplexity can also be achieved due to the inherent quasi-cyclic structure of the codes.展开更多
The paradigms of old media are replaced by new forms of creativity and delivery of content by those who strive to enhance innovative ways of communication and learning based on universally accepted guidelines. These u...The paradigms of old media are replaced by new forms of creativity and delivery of content by those who strive to enhance innovative ways of communication and learning based on universally accepted guidelines. These ubiquitous rules of design are what scholars in the field of call as the principles of design. Particularly when instructional effectiveness of a new message is under close lens, instructional designers unanimously accept and implement these design principles in the process of planning and designing products for consumers and/or learners With today＇s digital revolution and technological break-throughs, instructional designers need to keep seeking new forms of design, communication, and learning with various forms of instructional media and innovative, technology-rich design techniques. Given this educational milieu in an ever-growing digital world of learning and instruction, this paper will focus on eliciting some of these most innovative and outstanding instructional design （ID） products and evaluate their effectiveness in learning and teaching environments based on an army of ID principles generally accepted by the scholars of the field.展开更多
文摘为提高物联网(IOT)应用中源节点位置距离基站较近时的隐私保护强度,提出基于不规则环的源位置隐私保护路由协议RBIR(routing based irregular ring)。设计一种创建不规则环的方法并分析环的最佳创建区域,结合中间节点实现数据包的转发。中间节点的选择受到约束,避免路径交叉;动态更新环节点,使环节点能耗分散,延长网络寿命。仿真结果表明,RBIR的网络寿命较长且安全性较好,当源节点距离基站较近时,有效保证了源位置的隐私。
文摘结合两类定位基(邻对位基和间位基)单取代苯的亲电取代反应实验结果,采用Materials Studio 8.0软件中的DMol3模块,对3种单取代苯环上C原子的Mulliken原子电荷和Mulliken Fukui函数进行了计算模拟。结合实验结果进行讨论分析,使学生们掌握取代基的电子效应(诱导效应、共轭效应),深刻理解芳环上亲电取代反应的定位规则的本质。融合了多学科的教学内容和灵活的教学方式,培养了学生发现问题、分析问题及解决问题的能力。
基金Supported by The fortüne-program of the University of Tuebingen, No. F1281305
文摘AIM: To investigate the molecular pathways involved in human cholangiocarcinogenesis by gene expression profiling. METHODS: Oligonucleotide arrays (Affymetrix U133A) were used to establish a specific gene expression profile of intrahepatic CCC in comparison to corresponding non- malignant liver tissue. To validate the expression values of the most overexpressed genes, RT-PCR experiments were performed. RESULTS: Five hundred and fifty-two statistically differentially expressed genes/ESTs (221 probes significantly up-regulated, 331 probes down-regulated; P < 0.05; fold change > 2; ≥ 70%) were identified. Using these data and two-dimensional cluster analysis,a specific gene expression profile was obtained allowing fast and reproducible differentiation of CCC, which was confirmed by supervised neuronal network modelling. The most consistently overexpressed gene (median fold change 33.5, significantly overexpressed in 100%) encoded osteopontin. Furthermore, an association of various genes with the histopathological grading could be demonstrated. CONCLUSION: A highly specific gene expression profile for intrahepatic CCC was identified, allowing for its fast and reproducible discrimination against non- malignant liver tissue and other liver masses. The most overexpressed gene in intrahepatic CCC was the gene encoding osteopontin. These data may lead to a better understanding of human cholangiocarcinogenesis.
文摘The essay focuses on the question ＂what does the evideace on environmental regulation and its implementation tell us about the extent of eco-centric management in China and how to improve it＂. The first part will introduce ecocentrism, eco.centric management, and one major way to achieve eco-centric management in reality. Second. the environmental regulations of United Nation （UN） and China will be analyzed and compared to find out whether they are eco-centric. Moreover, the implementation of environmental regulation in China will be analyzed because regulatitm cannnt exist without proper implementation. Three suggestions were given to improve eco-centric management in China： natural science research and public administration, environmental education, international cooperation.
文摘In this paper, we study spatially periodic system with infinite globally coupled oscillators driven by temporal-spatial noise and subject to a constant force. The results show that the system exhibits the phenomena of the non-equilibrium phase transition, transport of particles, and the anomalous hysteresis cycle for the mean field and the probability current.
基金supported in part by grants from the National Institute of Health GM89630 and AI63080an endowed Research Scholar Chair by the Medical Research Institute Councilby an internal grant of the University of Maryland Medical Center(RYZ).
文摘Progression of cells from G2 phase of the cell cycle to mitosis is a tightly regulated cellular process that requires activation of the Cdc2 kinase, which determines onset of mitosis in all eukaryotic cells. In both human and fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) cells, the activity of Cdc2 is regulated in part by the phosphorylation status of tyrosine 15 (Tyr15) on Cdc2, which is phosphorylated by Wee1 kinase during late G2 and is rapidly dephosphorylated by the Cdc25 tyrosine phosphatase to trigger entry into mitosis. These Cdc2 regulators are the downstream targets of two well- characterized G2/M checkpoint pathways which prevent cells from entering mitosis when cellular DNA is damaged or when DNA replication is inhibited. Increasing evidence suggests that Cdc2 is also commonly targeted by viral proteins, which modulate host cell cycle machinery to benefit viral survival or replication. In this review, we describe the effect of viral protein R (Vpr) encoded by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) on cell cycle G2/M regulation. Based on our current knowledge about this viral effect, we hypothesize that Vpr induces cell cycle G2 arrest through a mechanism that is to some extent different from the classic G2/M checkpoints. One the unique features distinguishing Vpr-induced G2 arrest from the classic checkpoints is the role of phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in Vpr-induced G2 arrest. Interestingly, PP2A is targeted by a number of other viral proteins including SV40 small T antigen, polyomavirus T antigen, HTLV Tax and adenovirus E4orf4. Thus an in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying Vpr-induced G2 arrest will provide additional insights into the basic biology of cell cycle G2/M regulation and into the biological significance of this effect during host-pathogen interactions.
文摘As a growing number of countries, including both developed and developing countries, have in recent yearstaken environmental regulation at different levels, a question of great concern has been raised: can the regulation alterthe existing trade volume and trade pattern, and ultimately drive pollution-intensive industries to countries with low-levelregulations or even those without regulations at all? Starting from the three different propositions concerning therelationship between environmental regulation and trade pattern, this paper applies cointegration analysis and errorcorrection model to empirically testing the relationship between environmental regulation and trade in China during theperiod of 1985-2005. Our empirical results indicate that in the short run the collection of pollution discharge fees bearsa positive impact on the export share of clean products of total exports. Thus, higher pollution discharge fees raise theratio of clean products exports to total exports. This further indicates that more stringent environmental regulationpromotes the exports of clean products. In the long run pollution discharge fees are positively correlated with the exportshare of clean products but negatively associated with their import share. Such correlations imply that environmentalregulation tends to facilitate the international specialization in line with comparative advantages.
文摘Koetzig put forward a question on strongly-regular self-complementary graphs, that is, for any natural number k, whether there exists a strongLy-regular self- complementary graph whose order is 4k ＋ 1, where 4k ＋ 1 = x^2 ＋ y^2, x and y are positive integers; what is the minimum number that made there exist at least two non-isomorphic strongly-regular self-complementary graphs. In this paper, we use two famous lemmas to generalize the existential conditions for strongly-regular self-complementary circular graphs with 4k ＋ 1 orders.
基金Supported by Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60496311).
文摘This letter proposes a novel and simple construction of regular Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes using sparse binary sequences. It utilizes the cyclic cross correlation function of sparse sequences to generate codes with girth8. The new codes perform well using the sumproduct decoding. Low encodingcomplexity can also be achieved due to the inherent quasi-cyclic structure of the codes.
文摘The paradigms of old media are replaced by new forms of creativity and delivery of content by those who strive to enhance innovative ways of communication and learning based on universally accepted guidelines. These ubiquitous rules of design are what scholars in the field of call as the principles of design. Particularly when instructional effectiveness of a new message is under close lens, instructional designers unanimously accept and implement these design principles in the process of planning and designing products for consumers and/or learners With today＇s digital revolution and technological break-throughs, instructional designers need to keep seeking new forms of design, communication, and learning with various forms of instructional media and innovative, technology-rich design techniques. Given this educational milieu in an ever-growing digital world of learning and instruction, this paper will focus on eliciting some of these most innovative and outstanding instructional design （ID） products and evaluate their effectiveness in learning and teaching environments based on an army of ID principles generally accepted by the scholars of the field.
