中华绒螯蟹2龄早熟和晚熟品系选育第4代(G4)在成蟹阶段养殖性能的比较

为评估选育第4代(G4)的中华绒螯蟹在成蟹阶段的养殖性能和性腺发育情况,以G4中华绒螯蟹2龄早熟和2龄晚熟品系为试验对象,以未经选育的养殖群体作对照,比较了这3个群体的扣蟹在成蟹养殖阶段生长、性腺发育及最终养殖效果的差异。试验结果显示:(1)2个选育品系在成蟹养殖阶段的平均体质量始终高于对照组,其中在9月份和11月份,2龄晚熟雌、雄个体的平均体质量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);(2)2龄早熟雌、雄个体的生殖蜕壳时间均早于其他2组,此外,2龄晚熟雌、雄个体分别在7月25日和8月15日的生殖蜕壳率显著低于另外2组(P<0.05);(3)就性腺发育而言,2龄早熟品系在性腺发育期间的性腺指数(GSI)始终较高,而2龄晚熟品系的GSI始终较低,其中在9月25日2龄早熟雌蟹的GSI显著高于另外2组(P<0.05);(4)2个选育品系成蟹的最终平均体质量和单位面积产量均显著高于对照组,且晚熟雌蟹的成活率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);(5)就规格分布而言,晚熟雄蟹体质量在145.00~169.99 g所占的比例显著低于对照组,而在195.00 g以上的比例显著高于其他2组(P<0.05);晚熟雌蟹体质量在80.00~99.99 g所占的比例显著低于对照组,而在140.00 g以上的比例显著高于另外2组(P<0.05)。结果表明,遗传选育可以有效控制中华绒螯蟹的性腺发育速度及最终体质量。这一结果为2龄早熟和2龄晚熟新品种的申报提供了数据支撑。

Research on segregation evaluation methods of asphalt pavement based on air voids distribution

Eye observation was used to evaluate the segregation degree of asphalt pavement, which was not much creditable. To the asphalt pavement, road surface texture measuring method which has appeared recently can identify gradational segregation; but it can’t reflect the influence of the temperature segregation. However, using infrared temperature detector to evaluate the segregation must be taken during paving, which brings much inconvenience. In this paper, measuring the air voids distribution using non-nuclear density gauge to evaluate asphalt pavement segregation was introduced. Result shows that this method can directly reflect the comprehensive results of the two types of segregation in a high efficient and accurate way. Moreover, using the sketch map of segregation area can help to analyze the segregation reason visually.