一种引入距变率和角变率的卡尔曼滤波算法

对可以观测距变率和角变率的雷达观测系统提出了在三维空间中引入距变率(径向速度)和角变率(角速度)的伪线性卡尔曼滤波算法。针对匀速直线运动目标和匀加速直线运动目标,将新提出的算法和传统算法进行仿真,当引入距变率和角变率时,其收敛速度加快,收敛精度提高,改善了跟踪性能,具有工程实践指导意义。

保藏温度、时间及代次对蛹虫草菌种质量的影响

目的:探索不同保藏温度、时间及菌种代次对蛹虫草菌种质量的影响。方法:以4℃、10℃、20℃等不同保藏温度,以30 d、60 d、90 d、180 d及360 d等不同保藏时间,以F1、F2、F3、F4等不同代次母种,以F0为对照组,对比菌种质量情况。结果:菌种质量由高到低依次为:10℃保藏1个月、4℃保藏1个月、20℃保藏1个月、4℃保藏2个月、4℃保藏3个月、10℃保藏2个月,其他基本无菌种价值;F1>F2>F3,F4基本无菌种价值。结论:4℃保藏1～2个月为佳,10℃保藏1个月为佳,菌种传代以3代以内为佳。

基于当前统计模型的三维空间机动目标跟踪算法

对可以观测距变率和角变率的雷达观测系统提出了在三维空间中引入距变率(径向速度)和角变率(角速度)的当前统计卡尔曼滤波算法。针对三维空间中的机动目标,将新提出的算法和传统算法进行仿真,结果表明,当引入距变率和角变率时,其收敛速度加快,收敛精度提高,改善了跟踪性能,具有工程实践指导意义。

引入速率量测的滤波算法与初始估计研究

滤波器在滤波开始阶段的滤波效果在一定程度上取决于初始状态,选取的初始状态估计越精确,滤波的效果越好。首先对可以观测距变率和角变率的雷达观测系统提出了在三维空间中引入距变率(径向速度)和角变率(角速度)的伪线性卡尔曼滤波算法;其次针对初始状态选取的问题,以CV和CA模型为例,利用前2个时刻的测量值确定系统的初始状态,并讨论了初始状态估计和不同算法对滤波效果的改善情况。仿真试验证明,改善初始状态估计会使滤波算法收敛速度加快,收敛精度提高,改善跟踪性能。

Strain rate-dependent high temperature compressive deformation characteristics of ultrafine-grained pure aluminum produced by ECAP

To explore the effect of strain rate ε on the high temperature deformation characteristics of ultrafine-grained materials, the deformation and damage features as well as microstructures of ECAP-treated pure Al at different temperatures T and strain ratesε were systematically studied through compression tests and microscopic observations. The increase in ε eliminates strain softening at T≤473 K, and largely enhances the yield strength and flow stress at 473?573 K. The shear deformation dominates the plastic deformation of ECAP-treated Al. Many cracks along shear bands (SBs) are formed at T≥473 K and secondary SBs basically disappear at 1×10?3 s?1; however, at 1×10?2 s?1, cracks are only observed at temperature below 473 K, and secondary SBs become clearer at T≥473 K. The microstructures of ECAP-treated Al mainly consist of sub-grains (SGs). The increase in ε inhibits the SG growth, thus leading to the increases both in yield strength and flow stress at high temperatures.

Sub-pixel extraction of laser stripeand itsapplication in laser plane calibration

For calibrating the laser plane to implement 3D shape measurement, an algorithm for extracting the laser stripe with sub-pixel accuracy is proposed. The proposed algorithm mainly consists of two stages： two-side edge detection and center line extraction. First, the two-side edge of laser stripe is detected using the principal component angle-based progressive probabilistic Hough transform and its width is calculated through the distance between these two edges. Secondly, the center line of laser strip is extracted with 2D Taylor expansion at a sub-pixel level and the laser plane is calibrated with the 3D reconstructed coordinates from the extracted 2D sub-pixel ones. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can not only extract the laser stripe at a high speed, nearly average 78 ms/frame, but also calibrate the coplanar laser stripes at a low error, limited to 0.3 mm. The proposed algorithm can satisfy the system requirement of two-side edge detection and center line extraction, and rapid speed, high precision, as well as strong anti-jamming.

OFDM Scheme Based on Wavelet Packet Transform-Oriented Graded Multi-Service

In this paper, a concept of image grading transmission is put forward to enhance data rate and to improve the usage of subcarriers in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). The idea originates from the wavelet packets representative of an image in which information is graded in terms of different priorities. The graded image facilitates more efficient use of adaptive subcarriers and bits allocation. The results of simulation in typical mobile environment prove that the output signal noise ratio (SNR) of the graded image excels that of the ungraded image by 1—2 dB under the same channel condition.

A new digital transmitter based on delta sigma modulator with bus-splitting

A new digital transmitter based on delta sigma modulator( DSM) with bus-splitting is presented in this paper. The second order low pass error-feedback delta sigma modulator( EF-DSM) is focused. The signal to noise ratio( SNR) of the EF-DSM is derived for different bus-splitting bits.Following the EF-DSM,a multi-bit digital up mixer is used for carrier frequency transform. In order to validate the theory of bus-splitting,two types of transmitters are implemented on FPGA for comparison,in which one is with non-bus-splitting and the other is with bus-splitting. The FPGA implemented transmitter with bus-splitting promotes the maximum operation speed by 39%,and reduces hardware consumptions more than 16%. Both single tone and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing( OFDM) signal source are used to evaluate the proposed transmitter.

Entropy evolution of field with a time-varying frequency in the Jaynes-Cummings model

Following Jaynes-Cummings model,the evolution of the field entropy in the system of a two-level atom interacting with the single mode coherent field is investigated under rotating-wave approximation.The typical case "the field frequency variance with time in the form of sine ω=ω0+usin(wt) has been considered.The influences of the amplitude and angle frequency of the field frequency variance on entropy evolution of the field are discussed by numerical calculations.Calculation results indicate that the field frequency variance influences violently the behavior of field entropy evolution;the larger the amplitude of the field frequency variance is,the stronger the influence of the field frequency variance on the time evolution of field entropy is.

Direction Dependent EPR＇s Entanglement and the ＂Metabrain＂

The Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen （EPR） entanglement problem for spin ~ particles is discussed for last moment arbitrary changes in the angles between the axes of the measurements of the spin components within the ＂metabrain＂ dream analogy paradigm for the interpretation of quantum theory. No ＂spooky＂ action at a distance is required. The ＂metabrain＂ produces a plethora of correlated streams of consciousness which are the totality of observable reality. The mental world and the observable physical world are the same. As in a dream, there are no independently existing observable objects; for an object to exist it must be observed. In this paradigm there is mutual interaction between the streams of consciousness and the ＂metabrain.＂ The non-observable ＂metabrain＂ is the source of the non-local hidden variables which produce our observations. The currents of this ＂metabrain＂ are the quantum probability amplitudes and the firing of the ＂synapses＂ result in our conscious observations. The Born probability rule for quantum calculations is derived within this paradigm and helps to resolve the EPR paradox.

Search for Majorana Neutrino Signal in B_c Meson Rare Decay

We study the Bc meson rare decay in order to search for the Majorana neutrino signal. It is found that the corresponding decay rate is sensitive to the Majorana neutrino mass and mixing angles. The signal of B~ --~ lil l~ Mm induced by the Majorana neutrino within the mass region mr 〈 mn 〈mB may be observed at LHCb.