角质玉米饮料的工艺及稳定性研究

研究将干燥的角质玉米制作成饮料的生产工艺,重点阐述了角质玉米饮料生产的3个关键点:糊化工艺、均质工艺和稳定体系。实验结果表明,生产该饮料的最佳工艺条件是:糊化温度为90℃,糊化时间为20 min;经过2级均质,一级均质压力为25 MPa,二级均质压力为30 MPa。最佳稳定剂配方为:羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-FH6)0.06%,海藻酸丙二醇酯(PGA)0.08%,明胶0.05%,蔗糖脂肪酸酯(SE-15)0.10%,三聚磷酸钠(STPP)0.07%。用此工艺和配方可生产出稳定性良好的角质玉米饮料。

角质玉米淀粉糊化的研究

以角质玉米粉为主要原料,在不同的角质玉米粒子半径下,研究糊化时间对玉米浆黏度、固形物含量、pH的影响,确定糊化玉米粉的最佳工艺参数。其最佳工艺参数为均质压力为15MPa,在90℃下糊化30min。

玉米新奇特品种——矮化角质吨玉米

近年来,玉米播种面积逐年扩大,我国北方玉米种植面积占粮谷面积60％～80％,亩产也在逐年提高,据研究,今后玉米增产将向矮秆、密植型发展,提高品质量将由马齿型向半马齿型及硬粒型发展。矮化角质吨玉米正具备上述两大优点,它的出现即将使玉米高产、优质再上一个新的台阶。

基于多阈值分割技术的玉米角质率定量测定方法研究

为解决人工测定玉米角质率工序复杂、精度低的问题,提出一种基于多段阈值分割技术的玉米角质率定量测定方法。通过对玉米籽粒进行纵剖染色处理,将玉米胚部与其他部位进行区分,然后对样本剖面图像进行预处理,并且利用多段阈值分割方法对玉米籽粒进行多次阈值分割,分别得到玉米角质区、粉质区图像,统计各区域像素数,得到各区域面积,计算可求得玉米角质率。试验表明,该方法测试速度优于人工测试,可达到3-10 min/100粒,且变异系数在2.0以下,方法稳定性好,面积误差可精确到每像素0.002 mm2,保证了测试的有效性。该方法操作简便且不受人为因素干扰,可为玉米角质率测定及玉米品质定级提供有效手段。

不同胚乳类型玉米种苗转化中的生理特性比较研究

对粉质玉米鲁单50和角质玉米农大108种苗转化过程的生理特性变化的比较研究表明:粉质玉米的淀粉含量和粗脂肪含量始终略高于角质玉米,粉质玉米的蛋白水解酶活性、脂肪水解酶活性及ATP含量在整个种苗转化过程中始终高于角质玉米农大108。粉质玉米的α-淀粉酶活性高于角质玉米,而β-淀粉酶则低于角质玉米。

低温胁迫下外源性制剂对玉米发芽率和幼苗形态的影响

为降低玉米生产中的环境风险,针对东北春玉米春季低温冷害发生频率高的问题,选取4个不同品质玉米品种以及配置植物激素类、抗生素类以及植物激素和抗生素混合11种制剂进行组合并进行低温胁迫处理,测定低温胁迫下的发芽率、植株鲜重、干物重以及根长、根条数等形态指标,筛选出高效的耐低温制剂。结果表明:11种制剂在6和7℃时,所起的作用最明显。德美亚1号和嫩单13对抗生素类制剂响应最好,京科糯2000和垦粘1号对植物激素类制剂响应最好。

The keratin intermediate filament-like system in maize protoplasts

The application of Penman's method of cell fractionation to plant protoplasts leads to our finding of keratin intermediate filament(IF)-like system in maize protoplasts,which was identified by using immunogold labelling with monoclonal antibody of cytokeratin from animal cells.Many gold particles were found to be bound on filaments,linked by 3 nm filaments.After further digestion and extraction with DNase I and ammonium sulphate.IF-like framework-lamina-nuclear matrix system was shown under electron microscope.That IF system exists in plant protoplasts just like in animal cells,and their main component is keratin-like protein.

Development of Porous Spherical Cellulose Bead Production from Corn Cob as an Exfoliating Agent for Cosmetic Industries

The aim of this research was to develop the porous spherical cellulose production from corn cob as an exfoliating agent for cosmetic industries. In process development of the porous spherical cellulose production from corn cob, it was found that alkaline extraction with 10% sodiumhydroxide gave 85.86% purity of cellulose and the crystallinity index of the pulp of 76.08%. Then, the obtained pulp was extracted with acid sodium chlorite. It was found that the acid sodium chlorite extraction increased the cellulose from 85.86% to 91.86%. The obtained pulp was hydrolyse dwithdilute hydrochloric solution. The result shows that the crystallinity increased from 71.13% to 86.31% with smaller crystallite size compared to that obtained acid sodium chlorite extraction. The hydrolysis pulp was used to prepare porous spherical cellulose which has homogeneous and rough surface. The porosity and pore volume of the porous spherical cellulose increased when the amount of calcium carbonate as porogen was increased. The porous spherical cellulose was prepared from the optimized conditions and the physical and chemical properties were analysed and compared with standard commercial beads （Sephadex G-25）. It was found that the porous spherical cellulose had particle size and pH value similar to the standard value. Hazardous substances such as arsenic, lead and mercury were not found in the obtained porous spherical cellulose. The consumers test shows that 87~/＇0 of consumers accepted the product and the overall complacency was great.