长正中型全口义齿的咀嚼效率和义齿满意度

目的探讨长正中型全口义齿的咀嚼效率及满意度,对长正中型义齿的佩戴效果进行分析。方法选取12例重度牙槽嵴吸收无牙患者,分别制作长正中型与解剖型两种义齿,各给予患者3个月佩戴。对患者佩戴期间咀嚼效果以及满意率进行测试,总结患者最终选择结果。结果患者佩戴两种义齿期间,分别于佩戴4,8,12周行咀嚼效率测定,长正中型3次测量结果均显著高于解剖型,比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);解剖型使用满意率为(8.81±0.30)分,长正中型使用满意率为(9.58±0.54)分,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);12例患者均选择长正中型全口义齿。结论相较于传统的解剖型义齿,长正中型全口义齿具有更高的咀嚼效率,且患者满意度高,更符合时下患者的需求。

Can post-mortem computed tomography be considered an alternative for autopsy in deaths due to hemopericardium？

Hemopericardium is a common finding at autopsy, but it may represent a challenge for the forensic pathologist when the etiopathologi-cal relationship in causing death is requested. Hemopericardium and cardiac tamponade can be evaluated in living people using radiological techniques, in particular computer tomography （CT）. Only a few studies are reported in literature involving post-mortem （PM） cases, where PMCT imaging has been used in order to investigate acute hemopericardium, and they have shown a good accuracy of this technique. Here we report a case involving a 70-year-old white male found dead on the beach, with a medical history of hepatitis C and chronic hypertension with a poor pharmacological response. A PMCT was performed about 3 h after the discovery of the body. The PMCT examination showed an intrapericardial aortic dissection associated to a periaortic hematoma, a sickle-shaped intramural hematoma, a false lumen, and a hemop-ericardium consisting in fluid and clotted blood. In this case, the PMCT was able to identify the cause of death, even though a traditional autopsy was required to confirm the radiological findings. PMCT is a reliable technique, which in chosen cases, can be performed without the need for a traditional autopsy to be carried out.

Anatomically realistic multiscale models of normal and abnormal gastrointestinal electrical activity

One of the major aims of the International Union of Physiological Sciences (IUPS) Physiome Project is to develop multiscale mathematical and computer models that can be used to help understand human health. We present here a small facet of this broad plan that applies to the gastrointestinal system. Specifically, we present an anatomically and physiologically based modelling framework that is capable of simulating normal and pathological electrical activity within the stomach and small intestine. The continuum models used within this framework have been created using anatomical information derived from common medical imaging modalities and data from the Visible Human Project. These models explicitly incorporate the various smooth muscle layers and networks of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) that are known to exist within the walls of the stomach and small bowel. Electrical activity within individual ICCs and smooth muscle cells is simulated using a previously published simplified representation of the cell level electrical activity. This simulated cell level activity is incorporated into a bidomain representation of the tissue, allowing electrical activity of the entire stomach or intestine to be simulated in the anatomically derived models. This electrical modelling framework successfully replicates many of the qualitative features of the slow wave activity within the stomach and intestine and has also been used to investigate activity associated with functional uncoupling of the stomach.

Comparative Leaves Anatomical Studies of Bouea, Mangifera and Spondias （Anacardiaceae） in Malaysia

Leaves anatomy of two species of Bouea, 11 species of Mangifera and two species of Spondias were studied in order to see the differences in stomata type, petiole, midrib and lamina anatomy and leaf venation. This study aims to use anatomical characters for species and genus identification. Common characters observed were the absence of trichomes, closed vascular bundles, uniseriate epidermal layers, resin canal in parenchyma cells, anticline wall pattems and druses crystals in leaf lamina transverse sections. All species displayed closed vascular bundles except Mangiferapajang which showed a combination of medullary vascular bundles. Uniseriate epidermal layer was observed in all species. All the species showed straight-wavy anticlinal walls. Druses crystals were found in the parenchyma cells of all the species. Four types of stomata were observed namely anomocytic, anisocytic, staurocytic and diacytic. Anomocytic, anisocytic and staurocytic stomata were observed in Mangifera, diacytic in Bouea and anomocytic in Spondias.

Isolated Type C Interrupted Aortic Arch in Adult:Extra-anatomic Repair Using Circulatory Arrest

INTERRUPTED aortic arch （IAA） is a rare congenital malformation that occurs in 5.8 per million live births. 1 IAA was thought to be incompatible with life once the ductus arteriosus closed. However, ifextensive collateral circulation is p possible. We report treated successfully an unusual resent at case of with extra-anatomic under deep hypothermia drculatory arrest birth survival is IAA, who was aortic repair

Currents and Electric Fields Induced in Anatomically Realistic Human Models by Extremely Low Frequency Electric Fields

There is increasing public concern about biological interactions with and the potential health effects of low frequency electric and magnetic fields. Recently, the ICNIRP （International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection） has published new exposure guidelines with regard to these fields. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the calculation of the currents and electric fields induced in the human body by external electric fields at 60 Hz, using numerical human models of anatomically-realistic human bodies, and to compare those results with the basic restrictions proposed by the new guidelines. As a result, in the case that a human is exposed to an electric field of 1 kV/m at 60 Hz the short-circuit current of 18 μA flows though the ankles. Furthermore, the electric field of 40 mV/m in the nervous tissue of the adult model is induced by exposure to external electric fields at the reference level, which is enough smaller than the basic restrictions established in the ICNIRP guidelines for occupational exposure.

Usefulness of a novel slim type Flush Knife-BT over conventional Flush Knife-BT in esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection

To investigated the usefulness of a novel slim type ball-tipped FlushKnife (FlushKnife-BTS) over ball-tipped FlushKnife (FlushKnife-BT) in functional experiments and clinical practice.METHODSIn order to evaluate the functionality of FlushKnife-BTS, water aspiration speed, resistance to knife insertion through the scope, and waterjet flushing speed were compared between FlushKnife-BTS and BT. In clinical practice, esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) performed using FlushKnife-BTS or BT by an experienced endoscopist between October 2015 and January 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The treatment speed and frequency of removing and reinserting the knife to aspirate fluid and air during ESD sessions were analyzed.RESULTSFunctional experiments revealed that water aspiration speed by the endoscope equipped with a 2.8-mm working channel with FlushKnife-BTS was 7.7-fold faster than that with conventional FlushKnife-BT. Resistance to knife insertion inside the scope with a 2.8-mm working channel was reduced by 40% with FlushKnife-BTS. The waterjet flushing speed was faster with the use of FlushKnife-BT. In clinical practice, a comparison of 6 and 7 ESD using FlushKnife-BT and BTS, respectively, revealed that the median treatment speed was 25.5 mm2/min (range 19.6-30.3) in the BT group and 44.2 mm2/min (range 15.5-55.4) in the BTS group (P = 0.0633). However, the median treatment speed was significantly faster with FlushKnife-BTS when the resection size was larger than 1000 m2 (n = 4, median 24.2 mm2/min, range 19.6-27.7 vs n = 4, median 47.4 mm2/min, range 44.2-55.4, P = 0.0209). The frequency of knife replacement was less in the BTS group (median 1.76 times in one hour, range 0-5.45) than in the BT group (7.02 times in one hour, range 4.23-15) (P = 0.0065).CONCLUSIONOur results indicate that FlushKnife-BTS enhances the performance of ESD, particularly for large lesions, by improving air and fluid aspiration and knife insertion during ESD and reducing the frequency of knife removal and reinsertion.

无牙颌患者全口义齿修复人工牙选择的研究

目的评价不同人工牙制作全口义齿修复无牙颌患者的临床疗效。方法选取2008—2010年中国医科大学附属口腔医院修复科诊治的无牙颌患者50例,按无牙颌分类法以及人工牙种类,将患者分为以下6组。A1组(9例),为第1类无牙颌患者,使用解剖型树脂牙;A2组(6例),为第1类无牙颌患者,使用长正中合成树脂牙;B1组(17例),为第2类无牙颌患者,应用解剖型树脂牙制作义齿;B2组(6例),为第2类无牙颌患者,使用长正中合成树脂牙;C1组(5例),为第3类无牙颌患者,使用解剖型树脂牙;C2组(7例),为第3类无牙颌患者,使用长正中合成树脂牙。常规全口义齿修复治疗3个月后,采用问卷调查的方法评价患者使用全口义齿的满意度。结果治疗3个月后,C2组无牙颌患者固位、咀嚼、语音3方面的满意度好于C1组,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。C1组磨改解剖型人工牙面后,仅咀嚼方面满意度与C2组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于牙槽嵴吸收较严重的无牙颌患者,长正中型全口义齿是一种有效的修复方法。