Objective To investigate the effect of Zuogui Jiangtang Jieyu Formula(左归降糖解郁方,ZJJF)on hippocampal neuron apoptosis in diabetic rats with depression and to ascertain whether its mechanism involves the regulation...Objective To investigate the effect of Zuogui Jiangtang Jieyu Formula(左归降糖解郁方,ZJJF)on hippocampal neuron apoptosis in diabetic rats with depression and to ascertain whether its mechanism involves the regulation of JNK signaling pathway.Methods(i)A total of 72 specific pathogen-free(SPF)grade male Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into six groups,with 12 rats in each group:control,model,metformin(Met,0.18 g/kg)+fluoxetine(Flu,1.8 mg/kg),and the high-,medium-,and low-ZJJF dosages(ZJJF-H,20.52 g/kg;ZJJF-M,10.26 g/kg;ZJJF-L,5.13 g/kg)groups.All groups except control group were injected once via the tail vein with streptozotocin(STZ,38 mg/kg)combined with 28 d of chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)to establish diabetic rat models with depression.During the CUMS modeling period,treatments were administered via gavage,with control and model groups receiving an equivalent volume of distilled water for 28 d.The efficacy of ZJJF in reducing blood sugar and alleviating depression was evaluated by measuring fasting blood glucose,insulin,and glycated hemoglobin levels,along with behavioral assessments,including the open field test(OFT),forced swim test(FST),and sucrose preference test(SPT).Hippocampal tissue damage and neuronal apoptosis were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nickend labeling(TUNEL)staining.Apoptosis-related proteins Bax,Bcl-2,caspase-3,and the expression levels of JNK/Elk-1/c-fos signaling pathway were detected using Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).(ii)To further elucidate the role of JNK signaling pathway in hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and the pharmacological effects of ZJJF,an additional 50 SPF grade male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups,with 10 rats in each group:control,model,SP600125(SP6,a JNK antagonist,10 mg/kg),ZJJF(20.52 g/kg),and ZJJF(20.52 g/kg)+Anisomycin(Aniso,a JNK agonist,15 mg/kg)groups.Except for control group,all groups were established as diabetic rat models with depression,and treatments were administered via gavage for ZJJF and intraperitoneal injection for SP6 and Aniso for 28 d during the CUMS modeling period.Behavioral changes in rats were evaluated through the OFT,FST,and SPT,and hippocampal neuron damage and apoptosis were observed using HE staining,Nissl staining,TUNEL staining,and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Changes in apoptosis-related proteins and JNK signaling pathway in the hippocampal tissues of rats were also analyzed.展开更多
Tacrine(9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine) was synthesized using isatin as the raw material through isatin 3-oxime and 2-aminobenzonitrile with a yield of 68.1%. Sodium methoxide was used as the catalyst in the therm...Tacrine(9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine) was synthesized using isatin as the raw material through isatin 3-oxime and 2-aminobenzonitrile with a yield of 68.1%. Sodium methoxide was used as the catalyst in the thermal decomposition of isatin 3-oxime, and tetramethylene sulfone was used as the solvent. The structure of tacrine was determined by IR, 1H NMR, MS and elemental analysis.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to provide theoretical basis for effective prevention of goat pox disease.[Method] 5 cases of infected goats were diagnosed for goat pox with microbiology examination.The poxes on their skin,ru...[Objective] The aim was to provide theoretical basis for effective prevention of goat pox disease.[Method] 5 cases of infected goats were diagnosed for goat pox with microbiology examination.The poxes on their skin,rumen,reticulum,omasum,abomasum and submandibular lymph nodes,bronchial lymph nodes,lung and spleen were macroscopically and microscopically observed with pathanatomical and histopathological technique.[Result] Poxes on skin mainly showed ashen hemisphere state and gave prominence to the surface of skin; some cases had hemorrhage in the poxes and showed dark purplish red.Poxes on gastric mucosa showed ashen.Cytoplasmic inclusion body could be all observed in epithelial cells of the poxes and macrphages of lymph node,lung and spleen.[Conclusion] Poxes on skin,lung and the surface of gastric mucosa as well as cytoplasmic inclusion body in the epithelial cells of pox and the macrphages of lymphoid organs were the especial pathochanges of goat pox,which could be taken as the proof of goat pox＇s clinic diagnisis.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the accumulation of toxic slag of penicillin bacteria residue degradation products and explore its ability to meet the aquaculture industry as a protein feed into development ...[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the accumulation of toxic slag of penicillin bacteria residue degradation products and explore its ability to meet the aquaculture industry as a protein feed into development and utilization conditions.[Method] Through the sub-acute toxicity tests in mice strains,which were fed by different doses of penicillin bacteria residue degradation products （3% and 6%） under continuous observation of 15 weeks,recording a weekly mouse weight and death,and sampling executed after the test,animal liver and kidney function were blood test,taking heart,liver,spleen,kidney weighing,as well as liver and kidney pathology observed in the optical microscope.[Result] There were no significant differences （P 0.05） between the test group mice body weight,mortality and liver and kidney function and the control group within 15 weeks.Low-dose test group could be seen the liver cells,renal tubular epithelial nuclei broken,and a small number of liver and kidney cells with mild edema.High-dose test group could be seen in liver tissue of mice nuclei fragmentation and a fat droplets,the majority of liver cells,edema,and only a small number of liver cells,there were no significant changes.Renal portal area showed inflammatory cell infiltration,renal tubular epithelial cells,edema and necrosis.[Conclusion] In this experimental condition,the degradation products of penicillin bacteria residue played a mild toxcity on organ parenchymal cells in mice.展开更多
AIMS To investigate the relationship between the liver function- al impairment and sodium and water retention. METHODS Acute liver damage model was established with carbon tetrachloride (CCl_4) administration to male ...AIMS To investigate the relationship between the liver function- al impairment and sodium and water retention. METHODS Acute liver damage model was established with carbon tetrachloride (CCl_4) administration to male Sprague-Daw- ley rats. Twenty-four and 48 hours later after CCl_4 administration, the excretion of acute sodium and water load was examined,and 24 hours later after normal saline administration,the excretion of acute sodium and water load was examined in control group. The concentration of plasma caffeine was analysed with high pressure liquid chromatograph (HPLC). The half life time of plasma caffein (Caft 1/2) sewed as a quantitative index of hepatic function. Plasma ALT was measured with Reitman method. The hepatic tis- sue was sectioned in the same site for water content measurement and pathological observation. The serumal and urinary sodium was measured with flame photometry. RESULTS Twenty-four hours later after CCl_4 administration, plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT,n=6,37.5±12.6→ 189.4±34.4U,P<0.01) and water content of hepatic tissue (n =6,70.0%±1.1%→73.0%±1.0%,P<0.01) rose significantly,Caft 1/2 was prolonged significantly (94.9±18.9→ 326.4±85.8 minutes,P<0.01 ). The renal function of excretion of acute salt and water load declined obviously (n=6,Na^+: 92.4%±14.1%→50.1%±13.1%,P<0.01;H_2O:86.3%± 14.3%→42.1%±8.8%,P<0.01). Forty-eight hours later, the indexes above somewhat recovered,but were still markedly different from those of the control. Furthermore,the relationships betweenCaft 1/2 andALT (r=0.752,P<0.01),and between Caft 1/2 and excretory rate of sodium (r=-0.634,P<0.05) and water were still significant (r=-0. 612,P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Caft 1/2 is a good index to assess the degree of hepatic damage. The hepatic dysfunction may be a factor caus- ing the renal excretory impairment to the acute sodium and water load.展开更多
In the application of regression analysis method to model dam deformation, the ill-condition problem occurred in coefficient matrix always prevents an accurate modeling mainly due to the multicollinearity of the varia...In the application of regression analysis method to model dam deformation, the ill-condition problem occurred in coefficient matrix always prevents an accurate modeling mainly due to the multicollinearity of the variables. Independent component regression （ICR） was proposed to model the dam deformation and identify the physical origins of the deformation. Simulation experiment shows that ICR can successfully resolve the problem of ill-condition and produce a reliable deformation model. After that, the method is applied to model the deformation of the Wuqiangxi Dam in Hunan province, China. The result shows that ICR can not only accurately model the deformation of the dam, but also help to identify the physical factors that affect the deformation through the extracted independent components.展开更多
AIM： To determine the distance between the branching point of the left colic artery （LCA） and the inferior mesenteric artery （IMA） by computed tomography （CT） scanning, for preoperative evaluation before laparo...AIM： To determine the distance between the branching point of the left colic artery （LCA） and the inferior mesenteric artery （IMA） by computed tomography （CT） scanning, for preoperative evaluation before laparoscopic colorectal operation. METHODS： From February 2004 to May 2005, 100 patients （63 men, 37 women） underwent angiography performed with a 16-scanner multi-detector row CT unit （Toshiba, Aquilion 16）. All images were analyzed on a workstation （AZE Ltd, Virtual Place Advance 300）. The distance from the root of the IMA to the bifurcation of the LCA was measured by curved multi-planar reconstruction on a workstation. RESULTS： The IMA could be visualized in all the cases, but the LCA was missing in two patients. The mean distance from the root of the IMA to the root of the LCA was 42.0 mm （range, 23.2-75.0 mm）. There were no differences in gender, arterial branching types, body weight, height, and body mass index. CONCLUSION： Volume-rendered 3D-CT is helpful to assess the vascular branching anatomy for laparoscopic surgery.展开更多
AIM： To evaluate how proximal colon polyps interpreted as hyperplastic polyps in 2001 would be interpreted by expert pathologists in 2007.METHODS： ≥ 5 mm in interpreted pathologists 2007 by 3 GI Forty consecutive p...AIM： To evaluate how proximal colon polyps interpreted as hyperplastic polyps in 2001 would be interpreted by expert pathologists in 2007.METHODS： ≥ 5 mm in interpreted pathologists 2007 by 3 GI Forty consecutive proximal colon polyps size, removed in 2001, and originally as hyperplastic polyps by general at Indiana University, were reviewed in pathologists.CONCLUSION： Many polyps interpreted as hyperplastic in 2001 were considered sessile serrated lesions by GI pathologists in 2007, but there is substantial inter-observer variation amongst GI pathologists.展开更多
The gastrointestinal tract is lined by a simple epithelium that undergoes constant renewal involving cell division, differentiation and cell death. In addition, the epithelial lining separates the hostile processes of...The gastrointestinal tract is lined by a simple epithelium that undergoes constant renewal involving cell division, differentiation and cell death. In addition, the epithelial lining separates the hostile processes of digestion and absorption that occur in the intestinal lumen from the aseptic environment of the internal milieu by defensive mechanisms that protect the epithelium from being breached. Central to these defensive processes is the synthesis of heme and its catabolism by heme oxygenase （HO）. Dietary heme is also an important source of iron for the body which is taken up intact by the enterocyte. This review describes the recent literature on the diverse properties of heme/HO in the intestine tract. The roles of heme/HO in the regulation of the cell cycle/ apoptosis, detoxification of xenobiotics, oxidative stress, inflammation, development of colon cancer, hemeiron absorption and intestinal motility are specifically examined.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(82104836 and 82104793)Science and Technology Talent Promotion Project of Hunan Province(2023TJ-N22).
文摘Objective To investigate the effect of Zuogui Jiangtang Jieyu Formula(左归降糖解郁方,ZJJF)on hippocampal neuron apoptosis in diabetic rats with depression and to ascertain whether its mechanism involves the regulation of JNK signaling pathway.Methods(i)A total of 72 specific pathogen-free(SPF)grade male Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into six groups,with 12 rats in each group:control,model,metformin(Met,0.18 g/kg)+fluoxetine(Flu,1.8 mg/kg),and the high-,medium-,and low-ZJJF dosages(ZJJF-H,20.52 g/kg;ZJJF-M,10.26 g/kg;ZJJF-L,5.13 g/kg)groups.All groups except control group were injected once via the tail vein with streptozotocin(STZ,38 mg/kg)combined with 28 d of chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)to establish diabetic rat models with depression.During the CUMS modeling period,treatments were administered via gavage,with control and model groups receiving an equivalent volume of distilled water for 28 d.The efficacy of ZJJF in reducing blood sugar and alleviating depression was evaluated by measuring fasting blood glucose,insulin,and glycated hemoglobin levels,along with behavioral assessments,including the open field test(OFT),forced swim test(FST),and sucrose preference test(SPT).Hippocampal tissue damage and neuronal apoptosis were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nickend labeling(TUNEL)staining.Apoptosis-related proteins Bax,Bcl-2,caspase-3,and the expression levels of JNK/Elk-1/c-fos signaling pathway were detected using Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).(ii)To further elucidate the role of JNK signaling pathway in hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and the pharmacological effects of ZJJF,an additional 50 SPF grade male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups,with 10 rats in each group:control,model,SP600125(SP6,a JNK antagonist,10 mg/kg),ZJJF(20.52 g/kg),and ZJJF(20.52 g/kg)+Anisomycin(Aniso,a JNK agonist,15 mg/kg)groups.Except for control group,all groups were established as diabetic rat models with depression,and treatments were administered via gavage for ZJJF and intraperitoneal injection for SP6 and Aniso for 28 d during the CUMS modeling period.Behavioral changes in rats were evaluated through the OFT,FST,and SPT,and hippocampal neuron damage and apoptosis were observed using HE staining,Nissl staining,TUNEL staining,and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Changes in apoptosis-related proteins and JNK signaling pathway in the hippocampal tissues of rats were also analyzed.
文摘Tacrine(9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine) was synthesized using isatin as the raw material through isatin 3-oxime and 2-aminobenzonitrile with a yield of 68.1%. Sodium methoxide was used as the catalyst in the thermal decomposition of isatin 3-oxime, and tetramethylene sulfone was used as the solvent. The structure of tacrine was determined by IR, 1H NMR, MS and elemental analysis.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Innovation Talents Support Project in University of Henan Province (2010HASTIT026)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to provide theoretical basis for effective prevention of goat pox disease.[Method] 5 cases of infected goats were diagnosed for goat pox with microbiology examination.The poxes on their skin,rumen,reticulum,omasum,abomasum and submandibular lymph nodes,bronchial lymph nodes,lung and spleen were macroscopically and microscopically observed with pathanatomical and histopathological technique.[Result] Poxes on skin mainly showed ashen hemisphere state and gave prominence to the surface of skin; some cases had hemorrhage in the poxes and showed dark purplish red.Poxes on gastric mucosa showed ashen.Cytoplasmic inclusion body could be all observed in epithelial cells of the poxes and macrphages of lymph node,lung and spleen.[Conclusion] Poxes on skin,lung and the surface of gastric mucosa as well as cytoplasmic inclusion body in the epithelial cells of pox and the macrphages of lymphoid organs were the especial pathochanges of goat pox,which could be taken as the proof of goat pox＇s clinic diagnisis.
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the accumulation of toxic slag of penicillin bacteria residue degradation products and explore its ability to meet the aquaculture industry as a protein feed into development and utilization conditions.[Method] Through the sub-acute toxicity tests in mice strains,which were fed by different doses of penicillin bacteria residue degradation products （3% and 6%） under continuous observation of 15 weeks,recording a weekly mouse weight and death,and sampling executed after the test,animal liver and kidney function were blood test,taking heart,liver,spleen,kidney weighing,as well as liver and kidney pathology observed in the optical microscope.[Result] There were no significant differences （P 0.05） between the test group mice body weight,mortality and liver and kidney function and the control group within 15 weeks.Low-dose test group could be seen the liver cells,renal tubular epithelial nuclei broken,and a small number of liver and kidney cells with mild edema.High-dose test group could be seen in liver tissue of mice nuclei fragmentation and a fat droplets,the majority of liver cells,edema,and only a small number of liver cells,there were no significant changes.Renal portal area showed inflammatory cell infiltration,renal tubular epithelial cells,edema and necrosis.[Conclusion] In this experimental condition,the degradation products of penicillin bacteria residue played a mild toxcity on organ parenchymal cells in mice.
文摘AIMS To investigate the relationship between the liver function- al impairment and sodium and water retention. METHODS Acute liver damage model was established with carbon tetrachloride (CCl_4) administration to male Sprague-Daw- ley rats. Twenty-four and 48 hours later after CCl_4 administration, the excretion of acute sodium and water load was examined,and 24 hours later after normal saline administration,the excretion of acute sodium and water load was examined in control group. The concentration of plasma caffeine was analysed with high pressure liquid chromatograph (HPLC). The half life time of plasma caffein (Caft 1/2) sewed as a quantitative index of hepatic function. Plasma ALT was measured with Reitman method. The hepatic tis- sue was sectioned in the same site for water content measurement and pathological observation. The serumal and urinary sodium was measured with flame photometry. RESULTS Twenty-four hours later after CCl_4 administration, plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT,n=6,37.5±12.6→ 189.4±34.4U,P<0.01) and water content of hepatic tissue (n =6,70.0%±1.1%→73.0%±1.0%,P<0.01) rose significantly,Caft 1/2 was prolonged significantly (94.9±18.9→ 326.4±85.8 minutes,P<0.01 ). The renal function of excretion of acute salt and water load declined obviously (n=6,Na^+: 92.4%±14.1%→50.1%±13.1%,P<0.01;H_2O:86.3%± 14.3%→42.1%±8.8%,P<0.01). Forty-eight hours later, the indexes above somewhat recovered,but were still markedly different from those of the control. Furthermore,the relationships betweenCaft 1/2 andALT (r=0.752,P<0.01),and between Caft 1/2 and excretory rate of sodium (r=-0.634,P<0.05) and water were still significant (r=-0. 612,P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Caft 1/2 is a good index to assess the degree of hepatic damage. The hepatic dysfunction may be a factor caus- ing the renal excretory impairment to the acute sodium and water load.
基金Project(41074004)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2013CB733303)supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘In the application of regression analysis method to model dam deformation, the ill-condition problem occurred in coefficient matrix always prevents an accurate modeling mainly due to the multicollinearity of the variables. Independent component regression （ICR） was proposed to model the dam deformation and identify the physical origins of the deformation. Simulation experiment shows that ICR can successfully resolve the problem of ill-condition and produce a reliable deformation model. After that, the method is applied to model the deformation of the Wuqiangxi Dam in Hunan province, China. The result shows that ICR can not only accurately model the deformation of the dam, but also help to identify the physical factors that affect the deformation through the extracted independent components.
基金Supported by Kobayashi Magobe Memorial Medical Foundation
文摘AIM： To determine the distance between the branching point of the left colic artery （LCA） and the inferior mesenteric artery （IMA） by computed tomography （CT） scanning, for preoperative evaluation before laparoscopic colorectal operation. METHODS： From February 2004 to May 2005, 100 patients （63 men, 37 women） underwent angiography performed with a 16-scanner multi-detector row CT unit （Toshiba, Aquilion 16）. All images were analyzed on a workstation （AZE Ltd, Virtual Place Advance 300）. The distance from the root of the IMA to the bifurcation of the LCA was measured by curved multi-planar reconstruction on a workstation. RESULTS： The IMA could be visualized in all the cases, but the LCA was missing in two patients. The mean distance from the root of the IMA to the root of the LCA was 42.0 mm （range, 23.2-75.0 mm）. There were no differences in gender, arterial branching types, body weight, height, and body mass index. CONCLUSION： Volume-rendered 3D-CT is helpful to assess the vascular branching anatomy for laparoscopic surgery.
文摘AIM： To evaluate how proximal colon polyps interpreted as hyperplastic polyps in 2001 would be interpreted by expert pathologists in 2007.METHODS： ≥ 5 mm in interpreted pathologists 2007 by 3 GI Forty consecutive proximal colon polyps size, removed in 2001, and originally as hyperplastic polyps by general at Indiana University, were reviewed in pathologists.CONCLUSION： Many polyps interpreted as hyperplastic in 2001 were considered sessile serrated lesions by GI pathologists in 2007, but there is substantial inter-observer variation amongst GI pathologists.
文摘The gastrointestinal tract is lined by a simple epithelium that undergoes constant renewal involving cell division, differentiation and cell death. In addition, the epithelial lining separates the hostile processes of digestion and absorption that occur in the intestinal lumen from the aseptic environment of the internal milieu by defensive mechanisms that protect the epithelium from being breached. Central to these defensive processes is the synthesis of heme and its catabolism by heme oxygenase （HO）. Dietary heme is also an important source of iron for the body which is taken up intact by the enterocyte. This review describes the recent literature on the diverse properties of heme/HO in the intestine tract. The roles of heme/HO in the regulation of the cell cycle/ apoptosis, detoxification of xenobiotics, oxidative stress, inflammation, development of colon cancer, hemeiron absorption and intestinal motility are specifically examined.
