时空视频超分辨率(space-time video super-resolution,STVSR)通过时间和空间2个尺度提升视频的质量,从而实现在视频采集设备、传输或者存储有限的情况下依然能实时地呈现高分辨率和高帧率的视频,满足人们对超高清画质的追求。相比两阶...时空视频超分辨率(space-time video super-resolution,STVSR)通过时间和空间2个尺度提升视频的质量,从而实现在视频采集设备、传输或者存储有限的情况下依然能实时地呈现高分辨率和高帧率的视频,满足人们对超高清画质的追求。相比两阶段方法,一阶段方法实现的是特征层面而非像素层面的帧插值,其在推理速度和计算复杂度上都明显更胜一筹。一些现有的一阶段STVSR方法采用基于像素幻觉的特征插值,这幻化了像素,因此很难应对帧间快速运动物体的预测。为此,提出一种基于光流法的金字塔编码器-解码器网络来进行时间特征插值,实现快速的双向光流估计和更真实自然的纹理合成,在使得网络结构更高效的同时弥补了大运动对光流估计带来的不稳定性。另外,空间模块采用基于滑动窗口的局部传播和基于循环网络的双向传播来强化帧对齐,整个网络称为时间特征细化网络(temporal feature refinement netowrk,TFRnet)。为了进一步挖掘TFRnet的潜力,将空间超分辨率先于时间超分辨率(space-first),在几种广泛使用的数据基准和评估指标上的实验证明了所提出方法TFRnet-sf的出色性能,在总体峰值信噪比(peak signal to noise ratio,PSNR)和结构相似性(structural similarity,SSIM)提升的同时,插入中间帧的PSNR和SSIM也得到提升,在一定程度上缓和了插入的中间帧与原有帧之间PSNR和SSIM差距过大的问题。展开更多
In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based multihop communications, the conventional decodeand-forward (DF) relay scheme severely suffers from the error propagation problem. This drawback is seriou...In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based multihop communications, the conventional decodeand-forward (DF) relay scheme severely suffers from the error propagation problem. This drawback is serious in multihop networks as errors made by any relay node may fail the decoder at the destination in great chance. In this paper, we propose a bit error rate (BER) modified DF protocol (BMDF) which can be applied to systems where error correction channel coding and M-ary modulation are used. By modeling all links except the last one as a binary symmetric channel (BSC), we derive a log likelihood ratio (LLR) modification function relying only on the accumulated BER of all previous links to be applied to the output of the soft demapper. Furthermore, to reduce the computational complexity and signaling overhead, the modification function is simplified from its original exponential expression and less BERs are delivered between nodes by making successive subcarriers share the same BER. In addition, for situations where the channel state information (CSI) of forward link is available, the proposed BMDF can be further enhanced by combining with subcarrier pairing (SP) and power allocation (PA), where a sorted-channel gain SP scheme and a greedy PA algorithm are proposed. The simulation results verify thesignificant performance improvement to the conventional DF.展开更多
文摘时空视频超分辨率(space-time video super-resolution,STVSR)通过时间和空间2个尺度提升视频的质量,从而实现在视频采集设备、传输或者存储有限的情况下依然能实时地呈现高分辨率和高帧率的视频,满足人们对超高清画质的追求。相比两阶段方法,一阶段方法实现的是特征层面而非像素层面的帧插值,其在推理速度和计算复杂度上都明显更胜一筹。一些现有的一阶段STVSR方法采用基于像素幻觉的特征插值,这幻化了像素,因此很难应对帧间快速运动物体的预测。为此,提出一种基于光流法的金字塔编码器-解码器网络来进行时间特征插值,实现快速的双向光流估计和更真实自然的纹理合成,在使得网络结构更高效的同时弥补了大运动对光流估计带来的不稳定性。另外,空间模块采用基于滑动窗口的局部传播和基于循环网络的双向传播来强化帧对齐,整个网络称为时间特征细化网络(temporal feature refinement netowrk,TFRnet)。为了进一步挖掘TFRnet的潜力,将空间超分辨率先于时间超分辨率(space-first),在几种广泛使用的数据基准和评估指标上的实验证明了所提出方法TFRnet-sf的出色性能,在总体峰值信噪比(peak signal to noise ratio,PSNR)和结构相似性(structural similarity,SSIM)提升的同时,插入中间帧的PSNR和SSIM也得到提升,在一定程度上缓和了插入的中间帧与原有帧之间PSNR和SSIM差距过大的问题。
基金The authors would like to thank National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61072059).
文摘In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based multihop communications, the conventional decodeand-forward (DF) relay scheme severely suffers from the error propagation problem. This drawback is serious in multihop networks as errors made by any relay node may fail the decoder at the destination in great chance. In this paper, we propose a bit error rate (BER) modified DF protocol (BMDF) which can be applied to systems where error correction channel coding and M-ary modulation are used. By modeling all links except the last one as a binary symmetric channel (BSC), we derive a log likelihood ratio (LLR) modification function relying only on the accumulated BER of all previous links to be applied to the output of the soft demapper. Furthermore, to reduce the computational complexity and signaling overhead, the modification function is simplified from its original exponential expression and less BERs are delivered between nodes by making successive subcarriers share the same BER. In addition, for situations where the channel state information (CSI) of forward link is available, the proposed BMDF can be further enhanced by combining with subcarrier pairing (SP) and power allocation (PA), where a sorted-channel gain SP scheme and a greedy PA algorithm are proposed. The simulation results verify thesignificant performance improvement to the conventional DF.