Reflections and Improvements on China’s Asset-Backed Securities Information Disclosure System

Asset-backed securities are developed through complex processes such as asset restructuring and credit enhancement.Therefore,the information asymmetry between issuers and investors is greater compared to traditional securities,which imposes higher requirements on information disclosure for asset-backed securities.Asset-backed securities have characteristics such as diversified disclosers,differentiated disclosure content,and specialized risk factors.China has already formulated a series of rules and regulations regarding information disclosure of asset-backed securities.It is imperative to develop specialized laws and regulations for asset-backed securities,encompass original equity holders and credit enhancement agencies as information disclosers,incorporate information such as underlying asset details,cash flow projections,and credit ratings and enhancements into the disclosure content,and improve the legal liability rules to effectively address false disclosures.

Impact of carbon disclosure on debt financing costs

Creditors,such as banks,often use disclosed environmental information to assess a company’s environmental risk and ensure the safety of debt funds.Consequently,carbon disclosures have become an important consideration for creditors when making investments.This study explores the relationship between carbon disclosure and debt financing costs using data on listed companies from 2008 to 2019.The results show that carbon disclosure can reduce the debt financing costs of enterprises,and that this influence is more significant for private companies than for state-owned enterprises.Instrumental variables and Propensity Score Matching(PSM)were used to evaluate the robustness of negative relationships.Furthermore,carbon disclosure has a more significant impact on debt costs with less environmental supervision pressure,weak residents’environmental awareness,and weak product market competition.These findings provide guidance for companies’carbon information disclosure and support the establishment of official carbon disclosure standards.

The Impact of Short Selling Disclosure Regulatory Constraint on the Lending Market and Stock Ownership

We examine the impact of the short sell disclosure(SSD)regime on the stock lending market and investor behaviors,employing a staggered difference-indifference(DiD)methodology.Our research reveals that the introduction of the disclosure regime enhances market transparency,resulting in a diminished appeal of stock ownership in the lending market for active investors.This shift is accompanied by a reduction in information leakage risks and longer loan durations.Specifically,our analysis reveals a significant decrease in the risk of loan recall by 4.87%,accompanied by an average increase of 23.72%in loan duration for short selling activities.Furthermore,the cost associated with short-sell disclosure causes a decline in both lending supply and short demand.

Correlation Analysis between Self-Disclosure and Social Support in Patients with Breast Cancer

Objective: Describe the status quo of self-disclosure and social support in breast cancer patients and analyze the correlation between them. Methods: General data questionnaire, distress disclosure Index scale and Chinese version of medical social support scale were used to investigate the correlation between self-disclosure and social support in breast cancer patients by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: 1) The total self-disclosure score was (38.75 ± 9.18);the total score of social support was (70.57 ± 14.04) scores, including emotional information support dimension (28.39 ± 6.06) scores, practical support dimension (15.62 ± 3.31) scores, elastic support dimension (14.85 ± 3.23) scores, and emotional support dimension (11.70 ± 2.56) scores. 2) Self-disclosure was positively correlated with social support (r = 0.433, p Conclusion: Breast cancer patients had a moderate level of self-disclosure, and the higher the level of self-disclosure, the better the social support. It is suggested that improving the self-disclosure level of breast cancer patients can help them obtain more social support.

人工智能驱动教育变革的伦理风险及其解蔽之路

人工智能驱动教育变革给教育带来双重影响,使教育中的机会与风险共存。尽管人工智能技术给教育带来强大优势,能够增强教育主体的能力、记录完整的教育信息、推动人的个性发展、以及提高教育效率。但随着技术向度的增强与工具理性思维的介入,这一过程也面临不同维度的伦理风险。人工智能驱动教育变革的伦理风险主要表现为主体风险、安全风险、算法风险和技术滥用四方面。解蔽人工智能裹挟下的四重风险,推动人工智能技术在教育变革中的价值实现,需回归以人为本的价值理念,强化教育主体地位;建立依法规约的伦理体系,加强信息安全管理;遵循算法使用的伦理准则,促进个体生命发展;内化德性为先的伦理意识,健全技术变革边界。

HIV Status Disclosure Rate to a Sexual Partner, Associated Factors and Outcomes among Pregnant Women in PMTCT Care in Two Large HIV Facilities in Abuja, Nigeria

HIV status disclosure to partners is critical in improving the health and well-being of mother-infant dyad in the prevention of HIV transmission from mother to child (PMTCT) program. This study assesses the HIV disclosure rate to intimate partners, associated factors, and outcomes among women in the PMTCT program in two large HIV clinics in Abuja, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study employed a multi-stage sampling technique in selecting 220 pregnant women enrolled in PMTCT care in two clinics. Outcomes measures include HIV status disclosure to intimate partner, women’s viral suppression status (suppressed < 1000 copies/mL, unsuppressed ≥ 1000 copies/mL), and previous MTCT experience. Exposure variables include the participant’s socio-demographic characteristics and HIV care history. Data were presented using frequency tables. Simple and multivariate logistic regression was done to ascertain the predictors of HIV status disclosure and assess the association between HIV disclosure, viral suppression, and MTCT experience at a p-value of less than 0.05. Only 205 (96.7%) entries were completed and analyzed A larger percentage of the participants were married women, 158 (77.1%), within the age group 26 - 35 years (53.3%). Women’s HIV status disclosure rate to intimate partners was 49.3% (101/205). Factors associated with HIV disclosure rate to intimate partners at the univariate level were the participant’s age, Christian religion [COR: 1.80, 95%CI: 1.04 - 3.21, p = 0.04], full employment [COR: 1.92, 95%CI: 1.10 - 3.34, p = 0.02], HIV positivity prior to PMTCT enrollment [COR: 2.88, 95%CI: 1.26 - 6.59, p < 0.01], duration on antiretroviral therapy [COR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.01 - 1.13, p = 0.03], and knowledge of partner’s HIV status [COR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.08 - 0.51, p < 0.01]. Only HIV positivity prior to PMTCT enrollment [AOR: 3.27, 95%CI: 1.23 - 8.70, p < 0.01] and awareness of the partner’s HIV status, [AOR: 0.17, 95%CI: 0.06 - 0.49, p < 0.01] were significant predictors of HIV status disclosure after controlling for confounder. The two study outcomes;women’s viral suppression and MTCT experience were not significantly associated with participants’ HIV status disclosure to intimate partners. Our study shows that HIV disclosure to intimate partners is still a big challenge among pregnant women in PMTCT settings in Nigeria, with awareness of the partner’s HIV status and the type of patient enrollment in the PMTCT setting being the two strong predictors of pregnant women’s HIV disclosure status to partners.

“蔽”无可避:荀子“解蔽”的诠释学考察

“解蔽”是荀子提出的思想主张,集中体现在《荀子·解蔽》篇中。“解蔽”指解除理解中的不合理前见。荀子把人性中的情与知的偏见都视为“蔽”,以礼让忠信和君王统治的实践效果作为评判“蔽”的依据,主张以“化性起伪”涤除人性之蔽,用“虚一而静”解除知识之蔽。荀子的“解蔽”仍有其蔽,他的“解蔽”是以孔子仁义之道这一前见取代其他诸子前见,目的是把儒家思想建成具有唯一合理性的前见。荀子因其“蔽”而成就自身的同时,却局限于自我的理解之蔽,否定了诸子思想之“蔽”的积极意义,阻碍了思想的平等对话与会通,所以,荀子的“解蔽”是一种独断型的诠释模式。

解蔽与遮蔽:热点事件中“梗”现象的省思

互联网中伴随热点事件广为流传的“梗”具有解蔽与遮蔽两方面的作用。一方面,“梗”解蔽着人们对热点事件的感性认知,从“人寓于梗”的具象化存在,到“人追寻梗”的趣缘结构,最终形成“人输出梗”的感性意识形态,充分彰显了公众对于热点事件的感性认知与价值认同;另一方面,过度抢占公众视野的“梗”使人们陷入人云亦云式的共在关系与巴赫金式的狂欢中,遮蔽了公众对热点事件的理性之思,引发理智缺失、盲目跟从的舆论乱象。克服热点事件中“梗”的遮蔽问题,需要发挥“梗”的“技术调节”作用,形塑人们对热点事件的正确认知,这也为新媒体时代处置热点事件舆情提供了新的视域。

思想政治教育审美性的遮蔽与解蔽——基于工具理性与价值理性的视角

审美性是思想政治教育基础理论研究的重点问题,彰显思想政治教育审美性对增强思想政治教育实效性具有重要意义。然而,在工具理性影响下,思想政治教育审美性受到不同程度的遮蔽,主要表现为器用化的审美窠臼、灌输化的知识困境、政治化的刻板印象以及片面化的狭隘眼界。为此,要解蔽并彰显思想政治教育审美性,实现思想政治教育从工具理性到价值理性的复归,首先得厘清思想政治教育审美性与工具理性、价值理性的基本意涵与内在关系,在此基础上从主体需要、理念建构、实践奠基等三个方面提出优化路径,将思想政治教育审美性从工具理性的“桎梏”中解放出来。

教育领域生成式人工智能伦理失范的理论解构、风险生成与解蔽之策

进入数智时代,生成式人工智能凭借其强大的内容生成与逻辑推演能力成为教育改革的重要驱动力,但也随之引发了一系列伦理失范问题。从生成式人工智能作为一种生产力新形态在其全生命周期中的作用方式来对其伦理失范问题进行理论解构,揭示其内在技术与行为机制:在生成式人工智能的生命周期内,算法设计是导致其伦理失范的技术缘起,训练数据是导致其伦理失范的调控中介,现实的人则是导致其伦理失范的行为主体。生成式人工智能驱动教育变革的伦理风险主要表现为算法运行风险、数据存储风险、内容生成风险、技术滥用风险等四方面。由于人类是人工智能伦理失范的行为主体,故解蔽生成式人工智能的伦理风险有必要回归“人类”本身,基于此,研究提出应当从普及人工智能知识以提高教育者技术认知、加快教育领域人工智能的技术研发和转化、着力提升教育者与受教育者人工智能素养等三个方面进行人工智能伦理风险治理,以确保其在教育领域应用的符合伦理规范。

中华优秀传统文化的认知误区及解蔽思路

科学认知中华优秀传统文化是传承和发展中华优秀传统文化的前提性问题,也是“双创”“第二个结合”等诸问题展开的“元问题”。科学认知中华优秀传统文化,需要从学理层面对当下存在的关于中华优秀传统文化的四种认知误区予以澄明和剖析,走出贬损传统、割断历史的“全盘否定论”迷局,超越故步自封、盲目排外的“文化本位论”定式,摆脱以偏概全、以大代小的“范围模糊论”纠结,破除机械僵化、脱离实际的“拼接调和论”困境。只有以辩证思维、科学态度和问题导向对中华优秀传统文化作全面、整体、系统、细致的思考与廓清,才能赋活中华优秀传统文化,赋能中国式现代化发展。

开放数据服务价值研究——以Smart Disclosure为例

[目的/意义]近年开放数据运动在全球范围内蓬勃发展,欧美政府开放数据领域出现一种新型数据服务方式——Smart Disclosure,为我国在该领域发展提供实践策略。[方法/过程]重点剖析英美三个典型项目:"midata"、M oney Advice Service和"蓝绿按钮",介绍开放数据驱动创新的背景,调查英美政府开放的优先数据类型,讨论该类项目的经济价值。[结果/结论]提出推进我国开放政府数据创新服务的三种途径:利用数据驱动创新,优先开放民生领域数据,鼓励企业开放数据。

荀子“解蔽”理论与新时代大学生人生涵养

荀子“解蔽”是为了“解惑”,倡导从修心入手,通过“虚壹而静”的修心功夫,祛除思想上的偏颇,引导人走向“大清明”的知“道”状态。荀子“解蔽”理论蕴含了对人生存价值与意义的反思,折射出对人达到超越之境——“大清明”——的向往。因此,该理论对新时代大学生人生涵养富有极大的启发与借鉴价值:一是荀子建构了自我解蔽的理想目标,为新时代大学生张扬理性力量提供了参考;二是荀子建构了德行修养的工夫理论,为新时代大学生提供了传统的道德实践路径;三是荀子建构了系统的自我提升途径,为新时代大学生提供了修身养性的借鉴之道。

A Method of Eliminating Information Disclosure in View Publishing

Although it is convenient to exchange data by publishing view, but it may disclose sensitive information. The problem of how to eliminate information disclosure becomes a core problem in the view publishing process. In order to eliminate information disclosure, deciding view security algorithm and eliminating information disclosure algorithm are proposed, and the validity of the algorithms are proved by experiment. The experimental results showing, deciding view security algorithm can decide the safety of a set of views under prior knowledge, and eliminating information disclosure algorithm can eliminate disclosure efficiently.

Disclosure of Parental HIV Positive Status: What, Why, When, and How Parents Tell Their Children in the Era of HAART in South Africa

The aim of the study was to explore the decision to and the process of disclosure of parental HIV status to children. Focus group interviews were conducted with 21 parents of 39 children aged 7 - 18 years. Participants were recruited from a highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) program of an academic hospital in South Africa. Parents disclosed more to older children than to younger children in the same family, and the breadth and depth of the information shared was depended on the age of the child. Communication with adolescent children included topics on HIV prevention and unsafe sexual practices. For parents with a long history of sickness, disclosure occurred soon after the diagnosis was made, when they had not commenced with antiretroviral treatment (ART). They disclosed to prepare their children for HIV related emergencies and imminent death. Parents also expected support from their older children after disclosure. Some parents were forced to disclose because children suspected their HIV status, and parents could not continue to hide symptoms like severe weight loss. In addition, parents disclosed to educate children on how to protect themselves from HIV infection. For most parents, disclosure was unplanned, emotive, and burdened with anxiety and fear of rejection by their children. However, when the decision to disclose was made, parents were honest and open and informed their children that they were HIV positive. Parents may benefit from disclosure support services, and health care providers can assist parents in deciding when and how to disclose.

A Comparative Analysis of Disclosures in Annual Reports

Public companies issue periodic annual reports to give information about the past financial and operational results while presenting the future strategies. Companies release non-financial information concerned with corporate sustainability issues like market share, customer loyalty, supply chain management, corporate governance, and human resources in annual reports as well as the audited financial reports. Annual reports, one of the important instruments of transparency and disclosure, are widely used by shareholders and stakeholders. Recent laws and regulations in the US, European Union, and Turkey require enhanced disclosures in annual reports. In the first part of this study, a comparative regulatory framework for annual reports will be established under the Sarbanes Oxley Act （SOX）, the Securities and Exchange Commission （SEC） filing requirements, the New Turkish Commercial Code, and regulations of Capital Markets Board （CMB） of Turkey. In the second part of this study, annual reports of four sample companies listed in the New York Stock Exchange （NYSE） and Corporate Governance Index of Borsa Istanbul will be discussed in the light of disclosure requirements of Form 20-F. Findings of this study support the hypothesis which states that regulatory environment has a positive impact on the quantity and quality of disclosures. Attention is drawn to the need for global standardization to reduce the reporting variances and the need for independent audit of annual reports to increase the reliability.

Evolution of corporate environmental information disclosure framework of “knowledge and action”: Based on big data background

Cloud accounting is based on the traditional financial work process, the context of big data, and the necessary trend of future corporate accounting development. Its emergence and rapid development will have a fundamental impact on corporate environmental information disclosure. In the big data era of information sharing, companies will have a new understanding of the emergence, balance, and final consideration of social responsibility, and will have new changes in their overall decision-making and information disclosure methods. "Knowing" and "behavior" will be combined on the basis of rational judgment, so that corporate environmental information disclosure is more in line with the overall social development requirements. Based on the background of big data, this article starts with the disclosure of impact factors, footholds, and path choices. It describes the evolution of corporate environmental information disclosure and provides reference suggestions for enterprises to disclose environmental information truthfully and perform social responsibilities.

Accounting standards, disclosure requirements and foreign company listings on stock exchanges

Some have claimed that there would be more foreign companies listed on American stock exchanges if foreign companies could use International Financial Reporting Standards （IFRS） instead of American generally accepted accounting principles （GAAP） and could be exempted from some of the disclosure requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission and of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. In spite of these requirements, as of December 31, 2007, there are approximately 421 non-U.S, companies valued at $11.4 trillion listed on the New York Stock Exchange （NYSE）. Of these 421 companies, 41 companies are from China. This study examines the reasons for Chinese companies choosing to list on the New York Stock Exchange and their experiences with incremental disclosure and listing requirements on the Shanghai, Hong Kong, London, and New York stock exchanges. The lesson for foreign companies everywhere should be that foreign companies should search for those cross listings adding value and not be searching for countries and stock exchanges with weak disclosure and listing requirements.

Disclosure on Intellectual Capital in the Age of Industry 4.0:Evidence From Italian Capital Market

Matter of interest is the disclosure on intellectual capital(IC)in the era of global“knowledge economy”or global“knowledge society”.The aim of the paper is to verify the level of disclosure that Italian companies have on the components and on the relevance of their IC.Using the“content analysis”and a specific method already tested in managerial literature,we propose a report that measures the intellectual capital with the adoption of 21 functional indicators,which consider specific aspects of intangible assets of a firm.Applying the content analysis to financial statements of 56 companies included in five super-sector stock indexes of Italian equity market,we find that the level of overall disclosure is,on average,moderate but increasing.Observing a disclosure index based on the specific components of intellectual capital considered in this research,all the aspects of IC have benefited,on average,of an improvement in the level of external communication.This paper represents an improvement of a paper presented at the Symorg Conference regarding the empirical analysis.At the same time,it is just the first step of a wider research that aims to verify the relationships existing between IC,firm performances,and market capitalization.

Research on Internal Control Information Disclosure of Real Estate Industry-Taking Taihe Group as an Example

After the outbreak of the Enron incident in the United States, China’s attention to internal control information disclosure has gradually increased. As a pillar industry of the national economy, real estate industry internal control system is sound, which has an important impact on social stability and healthy economic development. Therefore, this paper selects a company in the real estate industry, through the analysis of its internal control information disclosure, finds out its existing problems, and puts forward practical and feasible suggestions.