从斯科伦定理看禅宗的触事即真观及其意义

世界的多样性缘于悖论,缘于真性的形式不可描述性。斯科伦定理指出,任意一个形式系统,都存在可数多个语义解释方式。用禅宗的陈述,就是真性是不可描述的,因此真性可以处处体现;概括为一句话,就是“触事即真”。对于解释物理世界多样性的本性而言,禅宗的触事即真思想,无疑是有着深刻洞见的。这种思想,对于我们维护与发展生态、环境及文化等事物的多样性,有着重要的启迪。

《天问》中动物异类相触事象考释

《天问》中的动物异类相触事象与我国古代氏族集团的联合与冲突相关。动物相亲为联合标志 。

中国古代诗歌发生学研究

中国自古就是诗的国度,善于用诗理解世界和创造生活。在我国悠久的历史上,产生的诗人灿若繁星,创作的诗篇成千累万。诗的产生不仅是历史的、必然的,又是结构的、偶然的。在诗的世界里,有"物",也有"我"。"物"即"理、事、情","我"即"才、胆、识、力"。从发生学的角度看,诗歌是物我相接、诗意传达的产物。从生存论的角度看,诗歌是触事兴咏,随遇发生的结果。诗以其独特的存在方式,让我们懂得了理、通晓了事、理解了情。研究中国古代诗歌的发生,不仅有利于深刻认识古代诗歌的存在形态,而且也有利于全面推进当代诗歌的发展。

The Triggering Mechanism for the Largest Aftershock (M_S=6.3) of the Great Luhuo Event (M_S=7.6) in 1973

The Great Luhuo Event ( M S=7 6) occurred on February 6, 1973 in Sichuan Province. There were a lot of aftershocks in the source area. The largest aftershock ( M S=6 3) occurred along a normal fault zone between the Xianshuihe Fault and the Ganzi Yushu fault. Based on the focal mechanism solution, surface rupture, coseismic dislocation and seismo\|geological tectonics of the event, an elastic dislocation model of the Great Luhuo Event with a strike slip mechanism was designed and the Coulomb Failure Stress Change ( ΔCFS) in the slip direction on normal faults along and surrounding the source zone due to the event was calculated. The results showed that the largest aftershock occurred in an area with ΔCFS >0, and that ΔCFS =4 5MPa. Therefore, the largest aftershock was probably triggered by the Coulomb Failure Stress Change.

The Characteristic Analysis and Seismic Triggering Study of the M6.2 and M6.1 Dayao Earthquake Sequences in 2003

The high-resolution hypocenter locations of the mainshocks on July 21 （M6.2） and October 16, 2003 （M6.1） and their aftershock sequences are determined in Dayao, Yunnan by using a double-difference earthquake location algorithm. The results show that the epicenters of the two mainshocks are very close to each other and the distribution of the aftershock sequence appears to be very linear. The distribution of the earthquake sequence is very consistent with the focal mechanism, and both mainshocks are of nearly vertical right-lateral fault. Unlike most other double earthquakes in the Yunmm area, the aftershock distribution of the M6.2 and M6.1 Dayao earthquakes does not appear to be a conjugated distribution but to be in a line, and there are some stacks in the two earthquake sequences. It can be inferred that they are all controlled by the same fault. The distribution of aftershocks is asymmetrical with respect to the mainshock location and appears to be unilateral. The aftershocks of the M6.2 mainshock centralize in the northwest of M6.2 earthquake and the aftershocks of the M6.1 earthquake are in the southeast of the mainshock, moreover, the M6.1 earthquake appears to be another rupture on the southeastern extensiou of the same fault as the M6.2 earthquake. The results of Coulomb failure static stress changes △σf show that the earthquake on July 21 （M6.2） apparently triggered the earthquake on October 16 （M6.1）, the two mainshocks have stress triggering to their off-fault aftershocks to different extents, and the M6.5 earthquake that occurred in Yao＇an in 2000 also triggered the occurrence of the two Dayao earthquakes.

Hybrid Task and Message Scheduling in Hard Real Time Distributed Systems over FlexRay Bus

FlexRay is a vehicular communication protocol designed to meet growing requirements in hard real time automotive systems and to support time triggered as well as event triggered paradigms. Thus, there has been a lot of recent interest in timing analysis techniques in order to provide bounds for the message communication times on FlexRay. In this paper, we present an approach to compute the WCRT （worst case response time） for periodic and sporadic tasks, within a FlexRay node, responsible for sending messages on the FlexRay SS （static segment） and DS （dynamic segment）. On the other hand, we propose a scheduling table for messages transmitted over the FlexRay SS. An interesting innovation would be the use of a scheduling algorithm performed on a FlexRay node to guarantee the arrival of the right data on the right time and to ensure that every task meets its deadline. As application, we will use the extended SAE （society of automotive engineers） benchmark for the FlexRay network to identify the static and dynamic tasks, and calculate the response time, based on a hybrid scheduling model to further prove that the deadline of the SAE benchmark applications is insured.

Progress billing method of accounting for long-term construction contracts

This article questions the reliability of the amount of revenue recognized in the percentage of completion （POC） method of revenue recognition in construction industry and recommends a new method based on the progress billing which is more reliable. The most commonly used method of revenue recognition in the construction industry is the percentage of completion method （POC）, where the revenue is recognized on the basis of the percentage of work completed. The calculation of percentage of work completed is made on the basis of the cost incurred for the contract work during the financial period and the cost required for completion of the work as estimated by the contractor. Here, the acceptance of the product by the buyer （contractee） is not involved in recognizing the revenue. The reliability of the amount of revenue and its collectability can be assured only when the buyer accepts the product. The approval of the progress bill by the contractee is needed to assure the reliability and collectability and it must be the event that triggers the recognition of revenue.

Study on control strategy of CAN bus network based on event triggered mode

In order to reduce the load rate of CAN bus and improve the real-time performance of control system, CAN bus control system of a pure electric vehicle is studied. Communication messages of each node are optimized and redefined by sorting the message into three types： control message, status message and alann message. Event triggered mode is added to the communication way of CAN bus, and the communication control strategy of the vehicle is made. It is proved that CAN bus load rate of control system is reduced after optimization, and the real-time performance of communication is improved effectively.

ICPS multi-target constrained comprehensive security control based on DoS attacks energy grading detection and compensation

Aiming at the industry cyber-physical system(ICPS)where Denial-of-Service(DoS)attacks and actuator failure coexist,the integrated security control problem of ICPS under multi-objective constraints was studied.First,from the perspective of the defender,according to the differential impact of the system under DoS attacks of different energies,the DoS attacks energy grading detection standard was formulated,and the ICPS comprehensive security control framework was constructed.Secondly,a security transmission strategy based on event triggering was designed.Under the DoS attack energy classification detection mechanism,for large-energy attacks,the method based on time series analysis was considered to predict and compensate for lost data.Therefore,on the basis of passive and elastic response to small energy attacks,the active defense capability against DoS attacks was increased.Then by introducing the conecomplement linearization algorithm,the calculation methods of the state and fault estimation observer and the integrated safety controller were deduced,the goal of DoS attack active and passive hybrid intrusion tolerance and actuator failure active fault tolerance were realized.Finally,a simulation example of a four-capacity water tank system was given to verify the validity of the obtained conclusions.

从宋人笔记看“打”字音变

宋人笔记是一种口语化极强的文本,透过它可以看到,'打'字,不仅在宋代已经具有万能化倾向,其本身的字音问题也引起了当时文人的注意。欧阳修就这两方面都提出了自己的看法:……触事皆谓之'打'。而徧检字书,了无此字。丁雅反者其义主'考击'之'打'自音谪疑当作滴耿,以字学言之,'打'字从手、从丁,丁又击物之声,故音'谪耿'为是。

Observer-Based Event-Triggered Tracking Control of Leader-Follower Systems with Time Delay

This paper studies the tracking control of general linear multi-agent systems with out time delays. The observer-based event-triggered control schemes will be considered or with- For the conventional distributed tracking protocol, the authors will not update the relative state in continuous time, i.e., the relative state will be updated by some events which happened in discrete time. A completely decentralized event-trigger will be designed for leader-follower systems. It is shown that all followers can track the leader asymptotically by the proposed protocol, if the feedback gain matrices are designed appropriately. Numerical simulations are also provided and the results show highly consistent with the theoretical results.

Missed posterior shoulder dislocation and McLaughlin lesion after an electrocution accident

Posterior shoulder dislocation is a rare event that may occur after a direct trauma, an epileptic seizure, electric shock or electroconvulsive therapy. In more than 50% of the cases, posterior dislocations are missed on initial evaluation and often misdiagnosed as frozen shoul- ders with unfortunate consequences. We present the case of a missed posterior suhluxation and reverse Hill Sachs lesion （McLaughlin lesion） in a 40-year-old woman caused by anelectric shock of 240 V. The patient underwent sur- gery in our institute two weeks after the injury. The humeralhead was reduced and the reverse Hill Sachs lesion was filled by demineralized bone matrix allograft with osteoinductive factors. Tendons were repaired and a temporaneous artrodesis was performed. At the final follow up of 12 months, we obtained a Costant Score of 93 and the patient returned to her previous daily activities.

Stabilization of Discrete-Time Dynamical Systems Under Event-Triggered Impulsive Control with and Without Time-Delays

This paper investigates the issue of stabilization for discrete-time dynamical systems（DDS）by event-triggered impulsive control（ETIC）. Based on some relatively simple threshold constants, three levels of event conditions are set and thus the ETIC scheme is designed. Three cases for ETIC with and without time-delays and data dropouts are studied respectively, and the criteria on exponential stability are derived for the controlled DDS. The stabilization in the form of exponential stability is achieved for DDS under the designed ETIC with or without time-delays. And in the case of the ETIC data dropouts, the conditions of exponential stabilization are derived for DDS and the maximal allowable dropout rates for ETIC are estimated. Finally, one example with numerical simulations is worked out for illustration.

Event-Triggered Consensus for Multiple Nonholonomic Systems

The paper investigates the consensus problem of multiple nonholonomic systems. Two event-triggered control strategies, one centralized and the other distributed, are developed, which can reduce the frequency of control updating. Under the proposed protocols, the multiple nonholonomic systems can achieve consensus, and the bound of inter-event time intervals is provided to illustrate that no Zeno behavior exists. Finally, numerical simulations are also provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies.

EVENT-TRIGGERED AVERAGE-CONSENSUS OF MULTI-AGENT SYSTEMS WITH WEIGHTED AND DIRECT TOPOLOGY

This paper investigates the average-consensus problem of multi-agent systems with direct and weighted topologies. Event-triggered control laws are adopted so as to reduce the frequency of individual control updating since the agents may be resource-limited in many real systems. The discrete time instants where the events are triggered are determined by a trigger function with respect to a certain measurement error. A centralized average-consensus protocol is proposed first for networks with fixed interaction topology, the stability and influencing factors of which are also analyzed. The design of trigger functions for networks with variable topology is also discussed. Then the results are extended to the decentralized counterpart, in which agents require only the information of their neighbors. Numerical examples are also provided that demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.

Distributed consensus for multiple Euler-Lagrange systems: An event-triggered approach

Distributed consensus problems for multiple Euler-Lagrange systems are addressed on the basis of event-triggered information in this study. Distributed consensus protocols are first designed in terms of two event-triggered scenarios: a decentralized strategy and a distributed strategy. Sufficient conditions that guarantee the event-triggered consensus for multiple Euler-Lagrange systems are then presented, with the associated advantages of reducing controller update times. It is shown that the Zeno behavior of triggering time sequences is excluded for both strategies. Finally, multiple Euler-Lagrange systems that consist of six two-link manipulators are considered to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical algorithms.

Leader-Following Consensus for Discrete-Time Multi-Agent Systems with Parameter Uncertainties Based on the Event-Triggered Strategy

In this paper, the leader-following consensus for discrete-time nmlti-agent systems with parameter uncertainties is investigated based on the event-triggered strategy. And the parameter un- certainty is assmned to be norm-bounded. A consensus protocol is designed based on the event-triggered strategy to make the multi-agent systems achieve consensus without continuous communication among agents. Each agent only needs to observe its own state to determine its own triggering instants under the triggering function in this paper. In addition, a sufficient condition for the existence of the event- triggered consensus protocol is derived and presented in terms of the linear matrix inequality. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate to efficiency of the event-triggered consensus protocol proposed in this paper.

Adaptive Event-Based Consensus of Multi-Agent Systems with General Linear Dynamics

In this paper, adaptive event-based consensus of multi-agent systems with general linear dynamics is considered. A novel adaptive event-based controller and a state-dependent triggering function are proposed for each agent. The consensus can be achieved without the assumption that（A, B） is stabilizable. Furthermore, the Zeno-behavior of the concerned closed-loop system is also excluded under certain conditions. Finally, a numerical simulation example is presented to show the effectiveness of the theoretical results.