触蒸前处理机理研究

从触蒸过程中丝胶微观结构变化和茧层结构变化着手,探讨触蒸前处理提高生丝洁净成绩等的机理。认为丝胶在触蒸过程中既发生变性又发生变质。就一般干茧触蒸,在较高的触蒸温度下,丝胶溶解性提高。触蒸可增加丝层之间的胶着抵抗,这在茧层结构比较疏松的茧子中显得比较明显。本文还分析了触蒸前处理对缫丝成绩和生丝品质的影响,指出真空触蒸工艺比常规触蒸工艺触蒸均匀。

干茧触蒸前处理对茧层表面与液滴接触角的影响

触蒸前处理是用饱和蒸汽对煮茧前的干茧进行湿热处理的一种处理工艺。在外界环境条件一致的情况下,设置65、85、105℃的触蒸温度,对干茧分别进行20、40、60 min的触蒸前处理,再把经触蒸后的蚕茧和未触蒸的干茧同时进行真空渗透处理,测试经不同触蒸工艺条件处理后茧层表面与液滴的瞬间接触角值,观察茧层表面与液滴的瞬间接触形态,以及比较触蒸或未触蒸渗透处理后的茧层接触角变化,探究接触角与触蒸蚕茧润湿效果的关联性。结果表明:在对干茧的触蒸前处理工艺中,以105℃作为触蒸温度并控制触蒸时间为60 min时,蚕茧茧层表面与液滴的瞬间接触角值最小,且茧层表面与液滴的接触面最大;触蒸前处理蚕茧经真空渗透处理后,茧层表面与液滴的瞬间接触角值明显比未触蒸直接渗透处理后的茧层接触角值小。试验结果显示:在触蒸工艺中适当升高触蒸温度和延长触蒸时间,能改善茧层的润湿性和亲水性,且触蒸前处理工艺明显有利于真空渗透中蚕茧的润湿渗透;可通过测量处理后茧层表面与液滴接触角的方法,分析触蒸前处理对蚕茧的浸润渗透效果。

煮茧触蒸前处理工艺的应用效果

应用高温短时间煮茧触蒸前处理工艺,提高清洁与净度效果明显;并能减少类吊,降低缫折。

煮茧触蒸前处理工艺研究[九]

高温短时间煮茧触蒸前处理工艺对提高解舒做小缫折均为有利,但对触蒸工艺及煮茧工艺均要进行优选,并要改进索理绪工艺。

Effects of Steam Heat Treatment on the Surface Contact Angle of Chinese Fir

The aim of this study was investigate the effects of heat treatment on the contact angle of Chinese fir, and the indicators affecting the change of contact an-gle change. It was determined that the duration of treatment had significant effect on the change curves of contact angle of Chinese fir wood due to the change curves of contact angle became more centralized and orderly after the specimens heat treated at 180 ℃. Compared with the untreated wood, the contact angle in-creased from 51＆#176; to 124＆#176; after 4 h treatment, and hydroxyl absorbance of hy-drophilic functional groups decreased from 2.08 to 1.63, while carbonyl absorbance from 0.92 to 0.62. The surface roughness has not significant influence on the con-tact angle. Heat treatment of the Chinese fir caused surface morphological change, which produced hol owed-out phenomenon. The increased surface contact angle caused by heat treatment can be used for outdoor and sauna facilities.

低品质茧的改性机理与实践

根据低品质茧(指茧丝胶着重,胶着力差异大,解舒差)形成的机理,对其进行触蒸改性处理,可以适度改善低品质茧的某些性状。实验和生产实践均表明,通过这种改性处理,可使丝胶的易溶性增加,茧丝胶着力、均方差明显下降,茧内外层性状一致性提高,为均匀煮熟、提高解舒和净度提供了有效保证。