Routing policies specification language (RPSL) allows a network operator to specify routing policies at various levels in the Internet hierarchy, for example at the autonomous system (AS) level. At the same time, poli...Routing policies specification language (RPSL) allows a network operator to specify routing policies at various levels in the Internet hierarchy, for example at the autonomous system (AS) level. At the same time, policies can be specified with sufficient detail in RPSL so that the low level router configurations can be generated from them. This paper is a discussion on using the RPSL to describe routing policies of relative AS in the Internet routing registry (IRR). We first analyze the relationships between a pair of ASes, and then explain how to specify various relative AS routing policies in RPSL. At last, we show an example of configuring routing policies using RtConfig that is a tool developed by the Routing Arbiter Project (RAP).展开更多
Various investigations have shown that the native language impacts foreign word recognition and this influence is adapted by the dexterity in the normative language. Cognates, words which area like beyond two or addit...Various investigations have shown that the native language impacts foreign word recognition and this influence is adapted by the dexterity in the normative language. Cognates, words which area like beyond two or additional languages in some fields signify an attention-grabbing, illuminating, and crucial facet of foreign or second language learning and research. Forty-five （males and females） participants have been randomly chosen and participated in the experiment in Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran, in 2014-2015 school year. The participants＇ age was between from 18 to 28, with a mean age of 21.5 years. The materials were divided into two groups which include 30 true cognates and 30 false cognates words from 300 words by doing CVR （content validity ratio） and CVI （content validity index） （Lawshe＇s table with index of 88% and 82% respectively） for being reliable and valid. These words have been taught to them, after a week, a test has been prepared about those words. According to the results of T-test for comparing the average marks of learning in every two groups can be said that there is a meaningful difference between the scores. The results show that the students learned true cognate words better than the false cognate words. The results of this investigation conjointly make sure the expectations that cognate-based instruction can absolutely impact in second language acquisition.展开更多
Due to the complex,uncertainty and dynamics in the modern manufacturing environment,a flexible and robust shop floor scheduler is essential to achieve the production goals.A design framework of a shop floor dynamical ...Due to the complex,uncertainty and dynamics in the modern manufacturing environment,a flexible and robust shop floor scheduler is essential to achieve the production goals.A design framework of a shop floor dynamical scheduler is presented in this paper.The workflow and function modules of the scheduler are discussed in detail.A multi-step adaptive scheduling strategy and a process specification language,which is an ontology-based representation of process plan,are utilized in the proposed scheduler.The scheduler acquires the dispatching rule from the knowledge base and uses the build-in on-line simulator to evaluate the obtained rule.These technologies enable the scheduler to improve its fine-tune ability and effectively transfer process information into other heterogeneous information systems in a shop floor.The effectiveness of the suggested structure will be demonstrated via its application in the scheduling system of a manufacturing enterprise.展开更多
Teachers＇ talk is an important aspect for conducting college English class effectively. It plays crucial roles in giving instructions, organizing classroom norm, and facilitating students＇ language acquisition. Base...Teachers＇ talk is an important aspect for conducting college English class effectively. It plays crucial roles in giving instructions, organizing classroom norm, and facilitating students＇ language acquisition. Based on Leech＇s Politeness Principle, this paper has analyzed the politeness in teachers＇ classroom talk and explored the functions it possesses as well. The study shows that the politeness feature of college English teachers＇ classroom talk is the consequences of observing each maxim of the Politeness Principle and is of the functions such as making effective cornmnication, keeping friendly relations with students, saving students＇ face, etc.. Conducting research on politeness in teachers＇ talk is conducive to understanding the process of language teaching and learning.展开更多
The Jain logic （Nay） addresses concerns elicited by sense experience of observable and measurable reality. Reality is what it is, and it exists independent of the observer. The last Jain Tirthankar Mahaveer suggeste...The Jain logic （Nay） addresses concerns elicited by sense experience of observable and measurable reality. Reality is what it is, and it exists independent of the observer. The last Jain Tirthankar Mahaveer suggested that organisms interact with such realities for survival needs and become concerned about the consequences. He suggested a code of conduct for reality-based behaviors to address concerns. Perceptions and impressions provide measures （praman） of information in sense experience, and with other evidence guide choices and decisions to act and bear consequences. Ethical behaviors rooted in reality have desirable consequences, and inconsistent and contradictory behaviors are undesirable consequences. Omniscience （God, Brahm） is discarded as a self-referential ad hoc construct inconsistent and contradictory to real world behaviors. This article is survey of assumptions and models to represent, interpret, and validate knowledge that begins with logical deduction for inference （anuman） based on evidence from sense experience （Jain 2011）. Secular and atheistic thrust of thought and practice encourages reasoning and open-ended search with affirmed assertions and independent evidence. Individual identity （atm） emerges with consistent behaviors to overcome fallibility and unreliability by minimizing doubt （Syad-Saptbhangi Nay）. The first Tirthankar Rishabh Nath （ca. 2700 BC） suggested that the content （sat） of real and abstract objects and concerns during a change is conserved as the net balance of the inputs and outputs （Tatia 1994）. Identity and content of assertions and evidence is also conserved during logical manipulations for reasoning. Each assertion and its negation are to be affirmed with independent evidence, and lack of evidence for presence is not necessarily the evidence for either non-absence or non-existence.展开更多
The behaviors remolding of foreign language teachers (FLT) are effective and influential in eliciting the learners' interest and motivation as well as enhancing the learning proficiency. Nonverbal communication (N...The behaviors remolding of foreign language teachers (FLT) are effective and influential in eliciting the learners' interest and motivation as well as enhancing the learning proficiency. Nonverbal communication (NVC) is an essential component of human verbal communication. Sometimes it is even more powerful and expressive than verbal interactions, for they can convey such subtle feelings and fine emotions that verbal entries feel impotent of. This paper intends to make a survey on the notion of nonverbal communication and further explore the function and the significance of body language on remolding teachers' behaviors in foreign language teaching.展开更多
文摘Routing policies specification language (RPSL) allows a network operator to specify routing policies at various levels in the Internet hierarchy, for example at the autonomous system (AS) level. At the same time, policies can be specified with sufficient detail in RPSL so that the low level router configurations can be generated from them. This paper is a discussion on using the RPSL to describe routing policies of relative AS in the Internet routing registry (IRR). We first analyze the relationships between a pair of ASes, and then explain how to specify various relative AS routing policies in RPSL. At last, we show an example of configuring routing policies using RtConfig that is a tool developed by the Routing Arbiter Project (RAP).
文摘Various investigations have shown that the native language impacts foreign word recognition and this influence is adapted by the dexterity in the normative language. Cognates, words which area like beyond two or additional languages in some fields signify an attention-grabbing, illuminating, and crucial facet of foreign or second language learning and research. Forty-five （males and females） participants have been randomly chosen and participated in the experiment in Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran, in 2014-2015 school year. The participants＇ age was between from 18 to 28, with a mean age of 21.5 years. The materials were divided into two groups which include 30 true cognates and 30 false cognates words from 300 words by doing CVR （content validity ratio） and CVI （content validity index） （Lawshe＇s table with index of 88% and 82% respectively） for being reliable and valid. These words have been taught to them, after a week, a test has been prepared about those words. According to the results of T-test for comparing the average marks of learning in every two groups can be said that there is a meaningful difference between the scores. The results show that the students learned true cognate words better than the false cognate words. The results of this investigation conjointly make sure the expectations that cognate-based instruction can absolutely impact in second language acquisition.
基金National Defense Fund(No.20030119)NSFC(No.60775060)the Foundation Research Fund of Harbin Engineering University(No.HEUFT07027)
文摘Due to the complex,uncertainty and dynamics in the modern manufacturing environment,a flexible and robust shop floor scheduler is essential to achieve the production goals.A design framework of a shop floor dynamical scheduler is presented in this paper.The workflow and function modules of the scheduler are discussed in detail.A multi-step adaptive scheduling strategy and a process specification language,which is an ontology-based representation of process plan,are utilized in the proposed scheduler.The scheduler acquires the dispatching rule from the knowledge base and uses the build-in on-line simulator to evaluate the obtained rule.These technologies enable the scheduler to improve its fine-tune ability and effectively transfer process information into other heterogeneous information systems in a shop floor.The effectiveness of the suggested structure will be demonstrated via its application in the scheduling system of a manufacturing enterprise.
文摘Teachers＇ talk is an important aspect for conducting college English class effectively. It plays crucial roles in giving instructions, organizing classroom norm, and facilitating students＇ language acquisition. Based on Leech＇s Politeness Principle, this paper has analyzed the politeness in teachers＇ classroom talk and explored the functions it possesses as well. The study shows that the politeness feature of college English teachers＇ classroom talk is the consequences of observing each maxim of the Politeness Principle and is of the functions such as making effective cornmnication, keeping friendly relations with students, saving students＇ face, etc.. Conducting research on politeness in teachers＇ talk is conducive to understanding the process of language teaching and learning.
文摘The Jain logic （Nay） addresses concerns elicited by sense experience of observable and measurable reality. Reality is what it is, and it exists independent of the observer. The last Jain Tirthankar Mahaveer suggested that organisms interact with such realities for survival needs and become concerned about the consequences. He suggested a code of conduct for reality-based behaviors to address concerns. Perceptions and impressions provide measures （praman） of information in sense experience, and with other evidence guide choices and decisions to act and bear consequences. Ethical behaviors rooted in reality have desirable consequences, and inconsistent and contradictory behaviors are undesirable consequences. Omniscience （God, Brahm） is discarded as a self-referential ad hoc construct inconsistent and contradictory to real world behaviors. This article is survey of assumptions and models to represent, interpret, and validate knowledge that begins with logical deduction for inference （anuman） based on evidence from sense experience （Jain 2011）. Secular and atheistic thrust of thought and practice encourages reasoning and open-ended search with affirmed assertions and independent evidence. Individual identity （atm） emerges with consistent behaviors to overcome fallibility and unreliability by minimizing doubt （Syad-Saptbhangi Nay）. The first Tirthankar Rishabh Nath （ca. 2700 BC） suggested that the content （sat） of real and abstract objects and concerns during a change is conserved as the net balance of the inputs and outputs （Tatia 1994）. Identity and content of assertions and evidence is also conserved during logical manipulations for reasoning. Each assertion and its negation are to be affirmed with independent evidence, and lack of evidence for presence is not necessarily the evidence for either non-absence or non-existence.
文摘The behaviors remolding of foreign language teachers (FLT) are effective and influential in eliciting the learners' interest and motivation as well as enhancing the learning proficiency. Nonverbal communication (NVC) is an essential component of human verbal communication. Sometimes it is even more powerful and expressive than verbal interactions, for they can convey such subtle feelings and fine emotions that verbal entries feel impotent of. This paper intends to make a survey on the notion of nonverbal communication and further explore the function and the significance of body language on remolding teachers' behaviors in foreign language teaching.
