翻转课堂在《言语科学基础》课程改革中的应用

目的探讨以目标为导向的翻转课堂教学模式在《言语科学基础》课程教学中的应用效果。方法对重庆医科大学听力及言语康复专业的34名学生,采用以目标为导向的翻转课堂4次,课前梳理教学目标后教师利用线下结合线上平台给予题目及学习资料,课中学生进行多媒体汇报并讨论,以期末考试成绩及课后问卷调查评价教学效果。结果34名学生期末考试试卷分析示卷面分74.5±8.88分,中位数71.25分。问卷调查结果示学生对本课程翻转课堂的整体评分为7.62±2.12分。79.41%认为翻转课堂对学习本课程有帮助,整体满意度64.71%。73.53%课程准备耗时2小时内。结论以目标为导向的翻转课堂教学模式在言语科学基础教学中能够有效促进教学,值得在今后的教学活动中推广。

不能遗忘的科学言语

对科学言语教育的忽视是我国语文教育由来已久的问题,也是至今仍没有得到应有的重视,更没有在语文教学中取得应有地位的问题。上世纪末以来关注人文性的风潮更使科学言语教育问题雪上加霜。我们始终强调语文教育的思想教化功能,可以说,我们从来没有忽视过语文教育的人文性,尽管思想教化并不是人文性的全部。同时,我们也从来没有重视过语文教育的科学性,尽管也时常打着科学的旗号。科学言语的教育是语文教育科学化的一个重要方面。本刊今年第5期的两篇文章——《也谈“创造性阅读”》《为学习而阅读》已经应该使我们对这个问题有所警醒。本期再发一组文章正面讨论这个问题,希望引起全体语文教育工作者的关注和思考。

情系“无声”世界——言语与听觉科学专业介绍

今年春节联欢晚会有一个节目，大家看过的话，一定记得，那就是绚丽夺目的舞蹈节目——“千手观音”，你可知道，这个节目的所有表演者都是聋哑人，其实，他们和我们普通人一样，都有自已的梦想，智慧和才华。只是他们需要更多的爱和关心，需要更多具有专业特长的人帮助他们，他们的智慧和才得以实现。

浅谈中学语文科学言语能力的培养

现代语文教育需要重视科学言语教学,要求教师加强对学生科学言语能力的培养。科学言语能力的培养要凸显语文课程的学科特点。学生的科学言语能力可以通过听说读写四种分支能力进行培养。

语文课堂中的科学言语教学

对科学言语教育的忽视是我国语文教育由来已久的问题,也是至今仍没有得到应有的重视,更没有在语文教学中取得应有地位的问题。上世纪末以来关注人文性的风潮更使科学言语教育问题雪上加霜。我们始终强调语文教育的思想教化功能,可以说,我们从来没有忽视过语文教育的人文性,尽管思想教化并不是人文性的全部。同时,我们也从来没有重视过语文教育的科学性,尽管也时常打着科学的旗号。科学言语的教育是语文教育科学化的一个重要方面。本刊今年第5期的两篇文章——《也谈“创造性阅读”》《为学习而阅读》已经应该使我们对这个问题有所警醒。本期再发一组文章正面讨论这个问题,希望引起全体语文教育工作者的关注和思考。

Visualizing Language and Aging From 2013-2022

Declining cognitive abilities can be a concomitant of advanced age.As language is closely associated with cognitive abilities,changes in language abilities can be an important marker of changes in cognitive abilities.The current study is to review cognitive studies of language and aging by first identifying and exploring the major clusters and pivotal articles and then detecting emerging trends.Data of 3,266 articles on language and aging from 2013 to 2022 were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database.Adopting Document Co-citation Analysis,Freeman’s betweenness centrality metric(Freeman,2002)and Kleinberg’s burst detection algorithm(Kleinberg,2002),we explored major clusters,pivotal articles and emerging trends in this field.Cognition appears to be the most remarkable cluster.Bilingualism,speech production,listening effort,and reading comprehension are other major active clusters in a certain period.The most recent active cluster concerns the studies of Alzheimer’s disease.Articles serving as pivotal points concentrate on cognitive studies of the Framework for Understanding Effortful Listening(FUEL),the new Ease of Language Understanding model(EUL)and a hierarchical multi-representational generative framework of language comprehension.The progress in statistical methods,the relationship between language and cognitive impairment and the relationship between language abilities and cognition are the emerging trends.These emerging trends will provide some insights into how cognitive abilities influence language abilities in aging.

Mapping the Research Landscape of Language Development in Autistic Children: A Preliminary Scientometric Analysis

Children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)often encounter difficulties in language learning and utilization,a concern that has gained significant academic attention,particularly given the widespread occurrence of ASD globally.Previous reviews,however,have relied on empirical observations rather than a more rigorous selection criterion.This preliminary study seeks to systematize the scientific knowledge base regarding language development in autistic children by utilizing the analysis tool Citespace 6.2.R5.We visualized and analyzed research patterns and trends regarding autism by drawing data from the Web of Science.Through document citation and emerging trend analyses,seven key research clusters and their chronological associations are identified,along with research hotspots such as language disorder diagnosis and intervention,social communication,language acquisition,and multilingual and multicultural influences.Research findings show that there exist some issues with the current research,including small sample sizes,the need for further investigation into receptive language development,and a lack of cross-cultural comparative studies.Meanwhile,the scope and depth of interdisciplinary research on language development in autistic children also need to be further enhanced.The research contributes to the extant literature by providing valuable references for autism researchers and practitioners.

The Use of Metaphors in Scientific Texts in English： A Proposal for Improving Reading Competence

Understanding discipline-specific texts in English is a basic requirement for science students, who must develop their content knowledge and language skills. Particularly, interesting is the fact that the language of science is characterized by the use of figurative language, which appeals to the common knowledge of the world, mainly to explain, clarify, and describe intricate concepts. Metaphors are helpful for lexicalizing new concepts and meanings or extending the meanings of pre-existing words. The analysis of tropes as a means to improve foreign language learners＇ reading competence is a rather novel teaching practice in ESP （English for Specific Purposes）, implemented at the University of Rio Cuarto, Argentina. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to explain the theoretical basis for teaching and developing metaphorical competence in ESP classes as a means of providing an intellectually stimulating alternative approach, and to present some teaching ideas and activities designed to familiarize students with the use of metaphorical language in scientific discourse in order to enhance their reading competence.

Specificity and Semantic Horizon of the Human Sciences from the Viewpoint of Bakhtin＇s Metalinguistics

This article explores the potential resources of the Bakhtin＇s theory of dialogism and its core concepts for the development of the philosophy and methodology of the human sciences. Focusing on Bakhtin＇s late essays： ＂The Problem of the Text in Linguistics, Philology, and the Human Sciences; From Notes Made in 1970-71;＂ and ＂Toward a Methodology for the Human Sciences,＂ the author deals with such concepts as sense, semantic whole, superaddressee, the third, and outsideness. Metalinguistics is interpreted as a philosophical approach to the problems of humanities methodology. The specifics of the human sciences, which Bakhtin put to the question, are described in comparison and correlation with the natural sciences. The author elaborates the idea of the communicative three-part relationship or trilogue （as a development of the dialogue）. The role of the superaddressee as the third participant of the trilogue between the researcher （the subject） and the text （the object） is discussed. The notion semantic whole and its implementation in the process of the sense＇s becoming （development） are analyzed.

先天不足,后天失调

对科学言语教育的忽视是我国语文教育由来已久的问题,也是至今仍没有得到应有的重视,更没有在语文教学中取得应有地位的问题。上世纪末以来关注人文性的风潮更使科学言语教育问题雪上加霜。我们始终强调语文教育的思想教化功能,可以说,我们从来没有忽视过语文教育的人文性,尽管思想教化并不是人文性的全部。同时,我们也从来没有重视过语文教育的科学性,尽管也时常打着科学的旗号。科学言语的教育是语文教育科学化的一个重要方面。本刊今年第5期的两篇文章——《也谈“创造性阅读”》《为学习而阅读》已经应该使我们对这个问题有所警醒。本期再发一组文章正面讨论这个问题,希望引起全体语文教育工作者的关注和思考。

Wittgenstein and Kuhn on Paradigm

Wittgenstein in Philosophical Investigations and On Certainty develops a revolutionary conception of knowledge, of philosophy of language, and of philosophy of science. Very close to language-games is a concept that is important but did not attract much attention, the one of paradigm. In this paper this concept is analyzed together with notions such as context, use, reference, language-games, reality, science, truth, method, propositions, among others by means of which a new view of epistemology emerges. As for Kuhn, paradigm is his most known notion and his biggest contribution to innovate the history of science. I contrast these two conceptions and conclude that they have different uses, and that some difficulties that emerge from Kuhn＇s concept of paradigm would be dissolved if we take into consideration Witt^enstein＇s aooroaches of language and the uses it has in our life forms.

Linguistic Planning and the Status of Official Languages in Kosova During the Years 1999-2009

The issue of linguistic planning, choice of variant for increasing in standard norm, the determination of official status of appropriate language in certain countries, has been a concern, as it was also the orientation of different linguistic studies. In this work, we will try to treat the process of linguistic planning and of the official status of languages in Kosova during 1999-2009. In this context we do not intend to exhaust of handling with this problem, but we will try to present some issues and problems in which languages in Kosova have passed through. This issue is interesting for studies in sociolinguistic field in general and particularly in Albanian language.

The Compilation Principles of EST Teaching Materials

English for Science and Technology （EST）, as one branch of English for Special Purposes, has its own distinctive features and plays a significant role in today＇s English education. In language teaching, teaching materials play an important role. To a great extent, they determine the content and approaches of teaching and learning and affect the quality of language education. The author of this paper makes a tentative analysis of the compilation principles of EST teaching materials, from the perspective of students, scientific and technological discipline, and the English language, highlighting the content of teaching and the motivation of students. This paper proposes the Principles of Interest, Life-Long Development, Appropriateness, Systematization, Cognitive Scientificalness, Illumination, Integration of Abstract Knowledge and Specific Cases, Authenticity, Timeliness, and Comprehensive Improvement, so as to improve both subject competence and linguistic ability

Advanced Research Projects in the Humanities： New Trends on Literature, Languages, and Linguistics Studies

Following the author＇s own experiencing in supervising Ph.D. theses in literature, languages, linguistics, and teacher education, the author will focus on new trends of advanced research projects that have been contributing to reinforce the importance of research in these areas in a time of crisis in the humanities. The organization and funding of science and scholarship in Europe has been promoting anything else but social sciences research, including educational areas. The author will follow the recent call from the Board of Trustees da Academia Europaea to redirect policies toward the organization of multidisciplinary research projects. Among these so-called ＂small subjects＂, we will find original, inspired, and valuable research projects in the humanities, It is worth mentioning that the crisis that has been diminishing this type of scholarship strangely cohabits with several policies promoted by the European Commission and the Council of Europe to develop programs for plurilingual education and linguistic diversity, new framework strategies for multilingualism, and the use of new technologies for language teaching and learning. A strong emphasis on research projects leading to interdisciplinary studies involving literature and pure sciences, plus the development of outreach research projects will be proposed.

语文课要上出“语文味”引发的反思

新课程改革对人文性关注达到空前重视,而忽视语文工具性一面.特别是注重加强对学生文学熏陶,往往导致科学言语教学被严重忽视.本文阐述了言语和语言的区别.科学言语的内涵和科学言语被忽视的根源,学生科学言语能力严重缺乏现状,以及解决这些问题的策略.

The Effect of Using L1 （Arabic Language） in the L2 （English Language） Classroom on the Achievement in General English of Foundation Year Students in King Abdulaziz University

This study aims at investigating the effect of using L 1 （Arabic Language） while teaching a target language （English Language） on the achievement in General English of foundation year students in King Abdulaziz University. To achieve the purpose of the study, the researcher used an experimental design： an experimental group and a control group. The independent variable is using L1 while teaching English in very limited and specified areas. The dependent variable is students＇ achievement in general English. The statistics used is the t-test. The population of the study was all students enrolled in the foundation year 1431/1432 in the ELI （English Language Institute） at King Abdulaziz University. The sample of the study consisted of 50 students taking North Star in the sections A and B as a university requirement in the foundation year 1431/1432 in King Abdulaziz University. The results of the study were in favor of banning Arabic in the English language classroom as shown in the mean scores of the control and experimental groups in the tables. It is recommended that teachers and instructors should be trained to use teaching strategies that help them use English only in the English language classroom.

The One Who Has Left the Bildung Friedrich Nietzsche＇s Philological Turn as a Catastrophe＊

Bildung, a western cultural ideal, which fundamentally can be traced back to biblical connotations, but is also rich in Platonic elements from the history of hermeneutics, reached its culmination point by the 19th century. As the vast superstructure of western erudition, it has acquired the rank of the sole discursive and epistemic normativity, which has defined not only its own system, i.e., education in its narrow sense, but also the criteria of scientific assertions. Since the basis of Bildung was formed by the variations of classical erudition changing by every era, so in the Age of Bildung the defining epistemological and methodological pattern, which determined it from a discursive, and at the same time, an epistemological point of view, was meant by classical philology. As a classical philologist Friedrich Nietzsche was among the first to point out the inseparable connection between rhetoric, interpretation, and epistemology. Nietzsche, as against the monolithic tradition of Bildung, developed a set of aspects of subversive criticism of science, so his surpassing of the nineteenth century academic philology and renewal of it as a kind of cultural hermeneutics walk hand in hand. Nietzschean philology, first and foremost, has to be adapted for revaluing its scientific statements from the aspect of art, i.e., aesthetical sensitivity, which has to be reassessed from viewpoint of effects on life as active potential. The claims of Nietzsche are so comprehensive that the notion of morality defined by Bildung, as well as the ethical system of Bildung, the sole sense of morality is questioned, and his issues are extended over the methodological basis of Bildung considered as normative. However, he does not use such a method of interpretation that, to a certain extent, would not have been known and used by the philology of the Bildung＇s scientific ideal. With the difference that the Nietzschean critical practice does not have respect for the borders defining homologous structures but, by implementing transgressive tactics, it claims the authority of these borders. In my article, I show how the Nietzschean propositions for the methodological reform of classical philology did set the stage for Nietzsche＇s later critical comments, now purely on the philosophy of science, and I analyse the multifold consequences of the concept of the Nietzschean philology as an ＂existential science,＂ which was aimed to de（con）struct the concept of Bildung.

Transdisciplinarity Exploitation of Maternal Language, Based on the Model of C.P.M.P.S Application in the Art Subject

The presented paper puts in discussion the dilemma of the linear supports of formal teaching and learning processes of regular school, coexisting with an inter and transdisciplinarity of the process mentioned above. In this perspective, the author wonders about the subjectivity of the students＇ apprenticeship and about the way they can change, according to the methodological variants, as well as the context. So, he intents to explore the C.P.M.P.S （Creative and Participative Method of Problem Solution） in the development of Portuguese written language competence, through the art subject. In this paper, we can see the increase of different variables from the perspective of students and teachers which validates in some manner of the teaching methodology.

An overview of the semantic class of the word groups of the industry terminology in ＂Exploitation of the Works of Nature＂

Since the printing and publication of the first carved edition of＂Exploitation of the Works of Nature＂ in 1637 （the tenth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty）, it has been 380 years of history. It is an encyclopedia describing China＇s ancient agricultural and handicraft technologies, which occupies an important position in the history of the world science and technology, and the author Song Yingxing is praised by the British expert on the world science and technology history Dr. Joseph Needham as the ＂Chinese Diderot＂. This book is of great value in the language and the cultural researches. From the perspective of the linguistics, the technical terminologies on the agriculture, the handicraft and other disciplines in this paper are classified and analyzed from the semantic point of view, so as to provide an empirical reference for the better dissemination of the book and the diachronic study of the Chinese terminologies.