对新闻语篇中言语隐喻与非言语隐喻的应用及使用隐喻所起到的作用进行了分析研究,以Lakoff的隐喻理论及Forceville的多模式隐喻理论为框架,结合后续学者对隐喻的系统性发展成果,并以《纽约时报》上发表的题为The Pajama Game Closes in ...对新闻语篇中言语隐喻与非言语隐喻的应用及使用隐喻所起到的作用进行了分析研究,以Lakoff的隐喻理论及Forceville的多模式隐喻理论为框架,结合后续学者对隐喻的系统性发展成果,并以《纽约时报》上发表的题为The Pajama Game Closes in Shanghai为具体语料。通过结合具体的实例,得出隐喻可以直接、间接地为其代表利益集团服务,新闻语篇所欲表达的隐含意识形态都可以通过隐喻概念来实现。新闻语篇在使用言语隐喻的同时也并含非言语隐喻,非言语隐喻更为直观、生动。展开更多
In different languages and cultures, color terms usually indicate their specific cultural concepts and metaphorical implicature. This paper makes a typological study on the universality and relativity of the Conceptua...In different languages and cultures, color terms usually indicate their specific cultural concepts and metaphorical implicature. This paper makes a typological study on the universality and relativity of the Conceptual Metaphors （CM） of color terms in different languages. It attempts to explore the cognitive differences and similarities in the process of categorization and metaphorization of color terms of oriental and western peoples. It proposes that the CM system of color terms is determined by the interactivity of three factors as neurophysiologic mechanisms, general cognitive psychological mechanisms and socio-cultural selective mechanisms. The CM of color terms in different languages carry their specific cognitive characteristics and cultural values, and reflect self-similarity of the language and culture.展开更多
Metaphors have different expressions in cognitive and systematic-functional linguistics, which are conceptual metaphors and ideational metaphors. Conceptual metaphors belong to traditional vocabulary metaphors, and id...Metaphors have different expressions in cognitive and systematic-functional linguistics, which are conceptual metaphors and ideational metaphors. Conceptual metaphors belong to traditional vocabulary metaphors, and ideational grammatical metaphors are pointed out by Halliday--the main representative of systemic-functional theory. This paper elaborates on the specific grammatical feature of EST （English for Science and Technology） text--＂nominalization of processes＂ to reveal the source of ideational metaphors. From the analysis of some examples, it is found that nominalization as a grammatical metaphor expresses the transference between process types, so it reveals the essence of ideational grammatical metaphors. Meanwhile, the comparison made between grammatical metaphors and vocabulary metaphors reflects the similarities between conceptual metaphors and ideational metaphors. In this way, this paper comes to the conclusion that the combination of the study methods of metaphors from both cognitive and systemic-functional perspectives is the best way to uncover the basic characteristic of human thinking.展开更多
Understanding discipline-specific texts in English is a basic requirement for science students, who must develop their content knowledge and language skills. Particularly, interesting is the fact that the language of ...Understanding discipline-specific texts in English is a basic requirement for science students, who must develop their content knowledge and language skills. Particularly, interesting is the fact that the language of science is characterized by the use of figurative language, which appeals to the common knowledge of the world, mainly to explain, clarify, and describe intricate concepts. Metaphors are helpful for lexicalizing new concepts and meanings or extending the meanings of pre-existing words. The analysis of tropes as a means to improve foreign language learners＇ reading competence is a rather novel teaching practice in ESP （English for Specific Purposes）, implemented at the University of Rio Cuarto, Argentina. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to explain the theoretical basis for teaching and developing metaphorical competence in ESP classes as a means of providing an intellectually stimulating alternative approach, and to present some teaching ideas and activities designed to familiarize students with the use of metaphorical language in scientific discourse in order to enhance their reading competence.展开更多
The role of the grammatical metaphor （GM） theory to systemic-functional linguistics （SFL） as well as to metaphor studies has been generally acknowledged. Based on the framework of GM theory in SFL, this thesis, by...The role of the grammatical metaphor （GM） theory to systemic-functional linguistics （SFL） as well as to metaphor studies has been generally acknowledged. Based on the framework of GM theory in SFL, this thesis, by conducting a statistical analysis of the distribution of 13 types of GM in 20 English for science and technology （EST） texts which are chosen at random and aimed at different readers, is intended, on the one hand, to test and verify the applicability and feasibility of Halliday＇s grammatical metaphor theory as well as the correctness of Halliday-Martin＇s claim and on the other, to analyze the reasons for using GM, especially experiential GM substantially in EST texts.展开更多
Personification is widely acknowledged for its central role in the understanding of a nation.However,empirical evidence of its pervasiveness in authentic language data is lacking.In a selfbuilt corpus of news report,t...Personification is widely acknowledged for its central role in the understanding of a nation.However,empirical evidence of its pervasiveness in authentic language data is lacking.In a selfbuilt corpus of news report,this study coded,categorized,and analyzed the metaphoric and metonymic use of two country names:China and Australia.The distribution of the use of country names shows a continuum ranging from the literal,through metonymy,to metaphor.A clear majority of the figurative use of national names in the corpus lies in the category of metonymy,and the fuzzy area between metonymy and metaphor.In contrast,metaphors only take up a minor proportion,and most of them are based on metonymic link.By examining the mundane and seemingly literate use of country names,this study exemplifies that consistent patterns of conventional metonymy and metaphor are able to incur significant cognitive impact.Thus,this study calls for more attention on metonymy and metonymy-metaphor interaction in empirical studies on metaphor.展开更多
在近年的研究中,隐喻的研究受到广泛的关注。虽然从认知角度看,隐喻的研究文章数量在增多,但绝大多数的研究一直聚焦于言语隐喻。《Pictorial Metaphor in Advertising》(意为《广告中的图画隐喻》)一书由Charles Forceville撰写,最早由...在近年的研究中,隐喻的研究受到广泛的关注。虽然从认知角度看,隐喻的研究文章数量在增多,但绝大多数的研究一直聚焦于言语隐喻。《Pictorial Metaphor in Advertising》(意为《广告中的图画隐喻》)一书由Charles Forceville撰写,最早由Routledge出版社于1996年出版,本文所评之书是第二版(2002年出版)。书中,Charles Forceville认为隐喻不仅存在于语言中,也存在于图像中。展开更多
Danesi advocates that conceptual fluency should be the aim of foreign language teaching. This paper propounds its theoretical basis by reflecting on the philosophical and linguistic trends in modern era, and points ou...Danesi advocates that conceptual fluency should be the aim of foreign language teaching. This paper propounds its theoretical basis by reflecting on the philosophical and linguistic trends in modern era, and points out the defects of Danesi's theory, insisting that conceptual fluency should be built on both the lexical and grammatical levels. It then exemplifies the implementation of the theory in actual teaching practice.展开更多
文摘对新闻语篇中言语隐喻与非言语隐喻的应用及使用隐喻所起到的作用进行了分析研究,以Lakoff的隐喻理论及Forceville的多模式隐喻理论为框架,结合后续学者对隐喻的系统性发展成果,并以《纽约时报》上发表的题为The Pajama Game Closes in Shanghai为具体语料。通过结合具体的实例,得出隐喻可以直接、间接地为其代表利益集团服务,新闻语篇所欲表达的隐含意识形态都可以通过隐喻概念来实现。新闻语篇在使用言语隐喻的同时也并含非言语隐喻,非言语隐喻更为直观、生动。
基金This study is funded by the MOE(Ministry of Education in China)Project of Humanities and Social Sciences(No.17YJC72040001)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of Jinan University(No.19JNQN06).
文摘In different languages and cultures, color terms usually indicate their specific cultural concepts and metaphorical implicature. This paper makes a typological study on the universality and relativity of the Conceptual Metaphors （CM） of color terms in different languages. It attempts to explore the cognitive differences and similarities in the process of categorization and metaphorization of color terms of oriental and western peoples. It proposes that the CM system of color terms is determined by the interactivity of three factors as neurophysiologic mechanisms, general cognitive psychological mechanisms and socio-cultural selective mechanisms. The CM of color terms in different languages carry their specific cognitive characteristics and cultural values, and reflect self-similarity of the language and culture.
文摘Metaphors have different expressions in cognitive and systematic-functional linguistics, which are conceptual metaphors and ideational metaphors. Conceptual metaphors belong to traditional vocabulary metaphors, and ideational grammatical metaphors are pointed out by Halliday--the main representative of systemic-functional theory. This paper elaborates on the specific grammatical feature of EST （English for Science and Technology） text--＂nominalization of processes＂ to reveal the source of ideational metaphors. From the analysis of some examples, it is found that nominalization as a grammatical metaphor expresses the transference between process types, so it reveals the essence of ideational grammatical metaphors. Meanwhile, the comparison made between grammatical metaphors and vocabulary metaphors reflects the similarities between conceptual metaphors and ideational metaphors. In this way, this paper comes to the conclusion that the combination of the study methods of metaphors from both cognitive and systemic-functional perspectives is the best way to uncover the basic characteristic of human thinking.
文摘Understanding discipline-specific texts in English is a basic requirement for science students, who must develop their content knowledge and language skills. Particularly, interesting is the fact that the language of science is characterized by the use of figurative language, which appeals to the common knowledge of the world, mainly to explain, clarify, and describe intricate concepts. Metaphors are helpful for lexicalizing new concepts and meanings or extending the meanings of pre-existing words. The analysis of tropes as a means to improve foreign language learners＇ reading competence is a rather novel teaching practice in ESP （English for Specific Purposes）, implemented at the University of Rio Cuarto, Argentina. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to explain the theoretical basis for teaching and developing metaphorical competence in ESP classes as a means of providing an intellectually stimulating alternative approach, and to present some teaching ideas and activities designed to familiarize students with the use of metaphorical language in scientific discourse in order to enhance their reading competence.
文摘The role of the grammatical metaphor （GM） theory to systemic-functional linguistics （SFL） as well as to metaphor studies has been generally acknowledged. Based on the framework of GM theory in SFL, this thesis, by conducting a statistical analysis of the distribution of 13 types of GM in 20 English for science and technology （EST） texts which are chosen at random and aimed at different readers, is intended, on the one hand, to test and verify the applicability and feasibility of Halliday＇s grammatical metaphor theory as well as the correctness of Halliday-Martin＇s claim and on the other, to analyze the reasons for using GM, especially experiential GM substantially in EST texts.
基金The present study is part of the Chinese MOE Key Research Project of Humanities and Social Science(Project No.16JJD740006)conducted by the Centre for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies.
文摘Personification is widely acknowledged for its central role in the understanding of a nation.However,empirical evidence of its pervasiveness in authentic language data is lacking.In a selfbuilt corpus of news report,this study coded,categorized,and analyzed the metaphoric and metonymic use of two country names:China and Australia.The distribution of the use of country names shows a continuum ranging from the literal,through metonymy,to metaphor.A clear majority of the figurative use of national names in the corpus lies in the category of metonymy,and the fuzzy area between metonymy and metaphor.In contrast,metaphors only take up a minor proportion,and most of them are based on metonymic link.By examining the mundane and seemingly literate use of country names,this study exemplifies that consistent patterns of conventional metonymy and metaphor are able to incur significant cognitive impact.Thus,this study calls for more attention on metonymy and metonymy-metaphor interaction in empirical studies on metaphor.
文摘Danesi advocates that conceptual fluency should be the aim of foreign language teaching. This paper propounds its theoretical basis by reflecting on the philosophical and linguistic trends in modern era, and points out the defects of Danesi's theory, insisting that conceptual fluency should be built on both the lexical and grammatical levels. It then exemplifies the implementation of the theory in actual teaching practice.
