本文以“包”作为研究对象,运用历时与共时研究方法,探究“包”的词义演变及其类词缀化的形成与发展,揭示类后缀“包”进化的动因。这不仅有助于我们更深入地理解汉语词汇的演变规律,更有利于我们进一步认识类词缀在现代汉语词汇构成中...本文以“包”作为研究对象,运用历时与共时研究方法,探究“包”的词义演变及其类词缀化的形成与发展,揭示类后缀“包”进化的动因。这不仅有助于我们更深入地理解汉语词汇的演变规律,更有利于我们进一步认识类词缀在现代汉语词汇构成中的重要作用。Taking “bao” (包) as the research object, this paper explores the evolution of its meaning and the formation and development of its affix-like formation through diachronic and synchronic research methods, revealing the driving forces behind the evolution of the suffix-like “bao”. This not only helps us gain a deeper understanding of the evolutionary patterns of Chinese vocabulary, but also facilitates our further recognition of the significant role played by quasi-affix in the construction of modern Chinese vocabulary.展开更多
词缀是语言研究的重要组成部分,是构成词汇的重要元素之一,可以改变词干的意义,进而丰富语言的表达。汉语与英语作为两大不同的语系,在词汇的构建和使用上展现出了各自独特的语言特性。本文旨在通过总结前人在汉英词缀对比研究上取得的...词缀是语言研究的重要组成部分,是构成词汇的重要元素之一,可以改变词干的意义,进而丰富语言的表达。汉语与英语作为两大不同的语系,在词汇的构建和使用上展现出了各自独特的语言特性。本文旨在通过总结前人在汉英词缀对比研究上取得的优秀成果,并以此为基础对汉英词缀进行进一步的对比分析,试图找出汉英词缀的异同,产生差异的原因,并从教学内容和教学方法上提出在对外汉语课堂上汉语词缀教学的策略,希望能为对外汉语词缀的教学提供一些启示。Affix is an important part of language research and one of the important elements of vocabulary, which can change the meaning of word stem and enrich the expression of language. Chinese and English, as two different language families, show their unique language characteristics in the construction and use of vocabulary. This paper aims to make a further comparative analysis of Chinese and English affixes by summarizing the outstanding achievements made by predecessors in the comparative study of Chinese and English affixes, and on this basis, try to find out the similarities and differences between Chinese and English affixes and the reasons for the differences, and propose the strategies for teaching Chinese affixes in the classroom of teaching Chinese as a foreign language from the aspects of teaching content and teaching methods, hoping to provide some enlightenment for the teaching of Chinese affixes as a foreign language.展开更多
本文从认知语言学的视角出发,基于朱子语料库语料,考察作为方位词词缀“头”的语法化过程及机制,本文认为“头”虚化为方位词词缀主要是隐喻机制在起作用。首先以“头”的虚化发展历程为切入点,并引进相关语法化理论;其次,在对“头”的...本文从认知语言学的视角出发,基于朱子语料库语料,考察作为方位词词缀“头”的语法化过程及机制,本文认为“头”虚化为方位词词缀主要是隐喻机制在起作用。首先以“头”的虚化发展历程为切入点,并引进相关语法化理论;其次,在对“头”的语义进行考察的基础上,分析“左右内中旁”不能与“头”搭配的原因主要是视觉感知和语义俯瞰;最后,对于“东、西、南、北”后的“头”是否为词缀进行了认定。研究表明,表方位的“X头”的语法化机制大致遵循了两条认知途径:从具体到抽象;从空间到时间,且“东、西、南、北”后的头不是词缀,是词根。对方位名词“X头”的研究有助于深入理解汉语词汇的演变和语法构造机制,丰富语言学理论体系,还有利于为语言的认知研究和跨语言比较提供新的视角和素材。From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, this article examines the grammaticalization process and mechanism of the “head” as the aziment affix “head” based on the Zhuzi corpus. This article believes that the metaphorical mechanism is mainly at the role of the metaphorical mechanism that the “head” is transformed into an affix. The article first takes the virtualization development process of “head” as the entry point, and introduces relevant grammatical theories. Secondly, on the basis of examining the semantics of “head”, the analysis of the reasons why “left and right inner, middle and side” cannot be matched with “head” is mainly visual perception and semantic overview. Finally, it is determined whether the “head” after “east, west, south and north” is an affix. Research shows that the grammatical mechanism of the “X head” of the table direction roughly follows two cognitive paths: from concrete to abstract;from space to time, and the beginning after “east, west, south and north” is not an affix, but a root. The study of directional nouns with the suffix “X head” can help deepen the understanding of the evolution of Chinese vocabulary and the mechanisms of grammatical construction, enrich the theoretical system of linguistics, and provide new perspectives and materials for cognitive research and cross-linguistic comparison.展开更多
“ni̱²¹”和“a³⁵”词缀是云龙白族亲属称谓中常用的两个词缀。“阿”类词缀在藏缅语族诸语言的亲属称谓中使用较为普遍,属于汉藏语系中比较古老的同源底层。“ni̱²¹”词缀是从“niɛ³⁵”的音节脱落而来,...“ni̱²¹”和“a³⁵”词缀是云龙白族亲属称谓中常用的两个词缀。“阿”类词缀在藏缅语族诸语言的亲属称谓中使用较为普遍,属于汉藏语系中比较古老的同源底层。“ni̱²¹”词缀是从“niɛ³⁵”的音节脱落而来,“ni̱²¹”的意义正处于一个不断虚化的过程之中,未来有可能完全虚化成词缀。The “ni̱²¹” and “a³⁵” suffixes are two commonly used affixes in the kinship terms of the Bai people in Yunlong. The “Ah” class affixes are widely used in the kinship terms of various languages in the Tibeto-Burman language family and belong to the older proto-root layer in the Sino-Tibetan language family. The “ni̱²¹” suffix originated from the syllable shedding of “niɛ³⁵”, and the meaning of “ni̱²¹” is in a continuous process of grammaticalization, which may eventually become a completely grammaticalized affix.展开更多
汉语外来词单音成分的语素化已经成为一种值得关注的语言现象。统观近十年“麦克风”中“麦”在互联网和日常生活中的实际用例和使用频率,我们发现“麦”已经完成了语素化,从表音成分发展为一个构词能力较强的语素,进而与其他语素不断...汉语外来词单音成分的语素化已经成为一种值得关注的语言现象。统观近十年“麦克风”中“麦”在互联网和日常生活中的实际用例和使用频率,我们发现“麦”已经完成了语素化,从表音成分发展为一个构词能力较强的语素,进而与其他语素不断构成新词。“麦”的语素化动因既关涉语言内部因素,也受到社会因素的影响。根据分析,下一步“麦”存在向单音节词演化的趋势。The morpheme of the monophonic component of Chinese loanwords has become a linguistic phenomenon worthy of attention. Looking at the actual use cases and usage frequencies of “Mai” in the “microphone” in the Internet and daily life in the past decade, we find that “Mai” has completed morpheme, developing from a phonetic component to a morpheme with strong word-forming ability, and then continuously forming new words with other morphemes. The morphemic motivation of “Mai” is not only related to the internal factors of the language, but also affected by social factors. According to the analysis, there is a tendency for “Mai” to evolve into monosyllabic words in the next step.展开更多
文摘本文以“包”作为研究对象,运用历时与共时研究方法,探究“包”的词义演变及其类词缀化的形成与发展,揭示类后缀“包”进化的动因。这不仅有助于我们更深入地理解汉语词汇的演变规律,更有利于我们进一步认识类词缀在现代汉语词汇构成中的重要作用。Taking “bao” (包) as the research object, this paper explores the evolution of its meaning and the formation and development of its affix-like formation through diachronic and synchronic research methods, revealing the driving forces behind the evolution of the suffix-like “bao”. This not only helps us gain a deeper understanding of the evolutionary patterns of Chinese vocabulary, but also facilitates our further recognition of the significant role played by quasi-affix in the construction of modern Chinese vocabulary.
文摘词缀是语言研究的重要组成部分,是构成词汇的重要元素之一,可以改变词干的意义,进而丰富语言的表达。汉语与英语作为两大不同的语系,在词汇的构建和使用上展现出了各自独特的语言特性。本文旨在通过总结前人在汉英词缀对比研究上取得的优秀成果,并以此为基础对汉英词缀进行进一步的对比分析,试图找出汉英词缀的异同,产生差异的原因,并从教学内容和教学方法上提出在对外汉语课堂上汉语词缀教学的策略,希望能为对外汉语词缀的教学提供一些启示。Affix is an important part of language research and one of the important elements of vocabulary, which can change the meaning of word stem and enrich the expression of language. Chinese and English, as two different language families, show their unique language characteristics in the construction and use of vocabulary. This paper aims to make a further comparative analysis of Chinese and English affixes by summarizing the outstanding achievements made by predecessors in the comparative study of Chinese and English affixes, and on this basis, try to find out the similarities and differences between Chinese and English affixes and the reasons for the differences, and propose the strategies for teaching Chinese affixes in the classroom of teaching Chinese as a foreign language from the aspects of teaching content and teaching methods, hoping to provide some enlightenment for the teaching of Chinese affixes as a foreign language.
文摘本文从认知语言学的视角出发,基于朱子语料库语料,考察作为方位词词缀“头”的语法化过程及机制,本文认为“头”虚化为方位词词缀主要是隐喻机制在起作用。首先以“头”的虚化发展历程为切入点,并引进相关语法化理论;其次,在对“头”的语义进行考察的基础上,分析“左右内中旁”不能与“头”搭配的原因主要是视觉感知和语义俯瞰;最后,对于“东、西、南、北”后的“头”是否为词缀进行了认定。研究表明,表方位的“X头”的语法化机制大致遵循了两条认知途径:从具体到抽象;从空间到时间,且“东、西、南、北”后的头不是词缀,是词根。对方位名词“X头”的研究有助于深入理解汉语词汇的演变和语法构造机制,丰富语言学理论体系,还有利于为语言的认知研究和跨语言比较提供新的视角和素材。From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, this article examines the grammaticalization process and mechanism of the “head” as the aziment affix “head” based on the Zhuzi corpus. This article believes that the metaphorical mechanism is mainly at the role of the metaphorical mechanism that the “head” is transformed into an affix. The article first takes the virtualization development process of “head” as the entry point, and introduces relevant grammatical theories. Secondly, on the basis of examining the semantics of “head”, the analysis of the reasons why “left and right inner, middle and side” cannot be matched with “head” is mainly visual perception and semantic overview. Finally, it is determined whether the “head” after “east, west, south and north” is an affix. Research shows that the grammatical mechanism of the “X head” of the table direction roughly follows two cognitive paths: from concrete to abstract;from space to time, and the beginning after “east, west, south and north” is not an affix, but a root. The study of directional nouns with the suffix “X head” can help deepen the understanding of the evolution of Chinese vocabulary and the mechanisms of grammatical construction, enrich the theoretical system of linguistics, and provide new perspectives and materials for cognitive research and cross-linguistic comparison.
文摘“ni̱²¹”和“a³⁵”词缀是云龙白族亲属称谓中常用的两个词缀。“阿”类词缀在藏缅语族诸语言的亲属称谓中使用较为普遍,属于汉藏语系中比较古老的同源底层。“ni̱²¹”词缀是从“niɛ³⁵”的音节脱落而来,“ni̱²¹”的意义正处于一个不断虚化的过程之中,未来有可能完全虚化成词缀。The “ni̱²¹” and “a³⁵” suffixes are two commonly used affixes in the kinship terms of the Bai people in Yunlong. The “Ah” class affixes are widely used in the kinship terms of various languages in the Tibeto-Burman language family and belong to the older proto-root layer in the Sino-Tibetan language family. The “ni̱²¹” suffix originated from the syllable shedding of “niɛ³⁵”, and the meaning of “ni̱²¹” is in a continuous process of grammaticalization, which may eventually become a completely grammaticalized affix.
文摘汉语外来词单音成分的语素化已经成为一种值得关注的语言现象。统观近十年“麦克风”中“麦”在互联网和日常生活中的实际用例和使用频率,我们发现“麦”已经完成了语素化,从表音成分发展为一个构词能力较强的语素,进而与其他语素不断构成新词。“麦”的语素化动因既关涉语言内部因素,也受到社会因素的影响。根据分析,下一步“麦”存在向单音节词演化的趋势。The morpheme of the monophonic component of Chinese loanwords has become a linguistic phenomenon worthy of attention. Looking at the actual use cases and usage frequencies of “Mai” in the “microphone” in the Internet and daily life in the past decade, we find that “Mai” has completed morpheme, developing from a phonetic component to a morpheme with strong word-forming ability, and then continuously forming new words with other morphemes. The morphemic motivation of “Mai” is not only related to the internal factors of the language, but also affected by social factors. According to the analysis, there is a tendency for “Mai” to evolve into monosyllabic words in the next step.