Optimization of project payment schedules with Nash equilibrium model and genetic algorithm

To minimize the deviations of the net present values of project payment for both the owner and the client and optimize project payment schedules, a Nash equilibrium model based on game theory was set up and a genetic algorithm was developed to work out the Nash equilibrium solution with a two-stage backward inductive approach that requires the client responds to the owner’s payment schedule with an activity schedule so as to maximize the client’s net present value of cash flows. A case study demonstrated that a payment schedule at the Nash equilibrium position enables both the owner and the client to gain their desirable interests, thus is a win-win solution for both parties. Despite the computation time of the proposed algrithm in need of improving, combining Nash equilibrium and genetic algorithm into a complete-information dynamic-game model is a promising method for project management optimization.

审理借贷纠纷案件有关利息计付应注意的若干问题

在审判实践中，笔者发现一些法院在审理借贷纠纷案件尤其是民间借贷纠纷案件中在判决给付利息时，存在较大的随意性，有些判决主文上文字表达不规范，有些甚至明显与法律规定相悖。由于很多民间借贷纠纷案件标的较小，利息数额较小，当事人对利息部分虽有意见，但考虑到诉讼成本问题，—般不再提起上诉或者提起申诉，一些二审案件当事人只是在答辩状中陈述自己对利启判决部分的意见。根据民事审判方式改革的规定，二审法院只对上诉部分进行审查，故二审判决虽然维持了原判，但并非对利息部分的判决就是正确的。