花粉形态计算机量化分析研究

以白莲花粉为实验材料 ,介绍了进行花粉形态计算机量化分析的步骤。花粉经醋酸法处理后 ,用电子显微镜对花粉进行观察照相 ,尔后用计算机技术对花粉电镜照片进行处理 ,最后用C语言编制了计算花粉形态面积的计算机程序。结果表明 :花粉计算机量化分析有助于快速定量测定有关花粉形态指标 ,是花粉数量分类的一种有效方法。

CT图像中肺结节毛刺特征的计算机量化方法

根据CT图像中肺结节毛刺的生长特点,提出了一种CT图像的肺结节毛刺特征计算机量化分级方法.该方法首先利用动态规划算法对感兴趣的CT图像区域进行肺结节分割,然后在分割的结节边界基础上,通过分析边界附近区域梯度方向的规律性,提取边界法线-梯度正交指数作为结节毛刺特征的量化指标,在此基础上对肺结节毛刺特征进行量化分级.实验结果表明:该指数能够准确地量化肺结节的毛刺特征,对区分无毛刺、短毛刺及长毛刺结节具有较高的分辨率.

基于计算机视觉的肉色量化研究(英文)

猪肉的颜色是判断其食用安全性非常重要的指标。肉的变质程度与颜色的变化呈现密切的关系。目前,肉色的分级判断通常是在自然光下,依据标准肉色等级图,靠人眼观察进行对比感官评定,这种主观评价方法存在着一定的人为误差,难免使判定结果不够客观和准确。因此,采用先进的方法、技术和仪器,通过对食用肉的颜色和颜色变化进行定量化测定和计算,可以获得客观评价。依据颜色理论,建立了一套用于猪肉颜色量化的计算机视觉系统,光源选择CIE推荐的标准照明体A,该系统能对猪肉的颜色、色差进行采集、处理、显示和评价,此方法具有操作简单、无损伤、测试速度快和费用低等特点,摆脱了颜色检测的主观性和模糊性,实现了蔬菜颜色评定和控制的客观化和定量化。

植物状态患者脑电反应性量化分析

目的探讨脑电反应性量化分析在植物状态患者预后判别中的价值。方法采用目测及计算机量化分析判别痛觉刺激前、后植物状态患者的脑电图反应性,与患者意识恢复进行相关性分析,进而比较两种分析方法的敏感性、特异性及准确性。结果 28例患者中,11例意识恢复,17例未恢复。目测组有反应性11例,其中7例意识恢复;量化分析组有反应性10例,9例意识恢复。两组均与患者意识恢复有相关性,P值均<0.05。脑电图EEG反应性量化分析组对植物状态患者意识恢复判断的敏感性为94.12%、特异性为81.82%、准确性为89.29%、均高于目测观察组(76.47%,63.64%,71.43%)。结论脑电反应性计算机量化分析可准确预测植物状态患者的意识恢复能力,可作为临床评估植物状态患者意识恢复能力的有效方法。

江西广昌白莲花粉成分与形态的研究

对白莲花粉的营养成分进行了比较全面的分析 .利用电镜对白莲花粉形态结构进行了观察 .同时利用计算机技术对白莲花粉形态进行了量化分析 .

基于人机交互的认知功能评估系统的设计与实现

针对传统的认知功能评估方式枯燥单一、评估结果易受多种因素影响的问题,研制一套基于人机交互的认知功能评估系统。系统打破传统的问卷评估方式,利用专门制作的人机交互软件平台对老年人的言语理解能力、视觉空间能力、动作执行能力进行评估。评估结束系统会自动给出评分,并对评估结果进行计算机量化。测试结果表明,老年人言语理解能力平均得分为2.73±0.53,视觉空间能力得分为1.73±0.54,动作执行能力得分为2.81±0.48。与蒙特利尔认知评估量表的测试结果进行比较,P<0.05具有统计学意义。说明该系统评估结果相对可靠,并可实现认知功能的动态检测、重复测量和个性化评估,为轻度认知功能障碍和老年痴呆症的早期发现和治疗提供了良好的技术支持。

数值分类在藓类植物中的应用

根据数值分类学的基本原理 ,设计了一个实现藓类植物数值分类的算法 ,通过该算法对 33种藓类植物孢子和孢蒴的主要性状进行了计算机数量化分析 ,根据距离系数验证了它们之间的相似性和区别 ,并与形态和细胞分类作了比较 .从数值分类角度可以说明大帽藓属 (Encalypta)、真藓属(Bryum)和金发藓属 (Polytrichum)是属级的自然分类群 ,小金发藓属 (Pogonatum )与金发藓属(Polytrichum)是科一级的自然分类群 ,有 2个物种与所在属的其它物种距离系数相差稍大 。

Constrained multi-degree reduction of rational Bézier curves using reparameterization

Applying homogeneous coordinates, we extend a newly appeared algorithm of best constrained multi-degree reduction for polynomial Bezier curves to the algorithms of constrained multi-degree reduction for rational Bezier curves. The idea is introducing two criteria, variance criterion and ratio criterion, for reparameterization of rational Bezier curves, which are used to make uniform the weights of the rational Bezier curves as accordant as possible, and then do multi-degree reduction for each component in homogeneous coordinates. Compared with the two traditional algorithms of ＂cancelling the best linear common divisor＂ and ＂shifted Chebyshev polynomial＂, the two new algorithms presented here using reparameterization have advantages of simplicity and fast computing, being able to preserve high degrees continuity at the end points of the curves, do multi-degree reduction at one time, and have good approximating effect.

The Degree of Association between Concepts Focusing on the Viewpoint

For a computer to perform intelligent information processing requires functions that can extract concepts from words, as humans do, and then associate those concepts with related concepts. In order to implement this association function, it is necessary to quantify the degree of association between two concepts. In the present paper, we propose a method for quantifying degree of association focusing on the viewpoint that uses a concept base （a knowledge base that expresses concepts as a collection of pairs, each pair consisting of an attribute word used to describe the concept and a weighting that expresses the word＇s importance）. Here, ＂Viewpoint＂ is the perspective from which a concept is viewed; for example, consider the degree of association between ＂airplane＂ and ＂automobile＂, and the degree of association between ＂airplane＂ and ＂bird＂. From the viewpoint of ＂vehicle＂, ＂airplane＂ and ＂automobile＂ are highly related, while from the viewpoint of ＂flight＂, ＂airplane＂ and ＂bird＂ are highly related. We present herein a comparison of two methods for calculating degree of association focusing on the viewpoint, and demonstrate that the method involving modulation of attribute weightings based on viewpoint results in degree of association calculations that are closer to human senses.

Sharp Lower Bound of the Least Eigenvalue of Graphs with Given Diameter

The eigenvalues of graphs play an important role in the fields of quantum chemistry, physics, computer science, communication network, and information science. Particularly, they can be interpreted in some situations as the energy levels of an electron in a molecule or as the possible frequencies of the tone of a vibrating membrane. The diameter of a graph, the maximum distance between any two vertices of a graph, has great impact on the service quality of communication networks. So we were motivated to investigate the sharp lower bound of the least eigenvalue of graphs with given diameter. Let gn. d be the set of graphs on n vertices with diameter d. For any graph G ∈ gn, d, by considering the least eigenvalue of its connected spanning bipartite subgraph, we obtained the sharp lower bound of the least eigenvalue of graph G. Furthermore, an upper bound of Laplacian spectral radius of graph G was given.

Research and Application of Computer Management of the Test Chemical Products Quality Analysis

According to the regulations of the People＇s Republic of China national standard as the basis, on the part of chemical industry product quality inspection and analysis of the implementation of computer management has developed a set of software applications, the software in chemical products quality inspection and analysis of the means of management is an innovation. The software functions, can automatically process data, judge the product grade, quality analysis, objective and fair, convenient, fast, accurate, stable, practical, and easy to popularize.

Application of CAE technology for Geely car lightweight

In order to reduce energy consumption and protect the human survival environment, the lightweight has became the development trend of the world automobile industry. On the premise of ensuring the strength, safety and driving performance of the car, the major car enterprises try to reduce the curb weight of the ear, fuel consumption and emissions. Not only a lot of new technologies and new products have been generated, but also joint vehicle development process and computer aided engineering （CAE） analysis technology have been developed. Since the entry into the ＂Au- tomobile Lightweight Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance＂ in Dec. 2007, Geely Group has been focusing on light- weight construction of vehicle and key assemblies in every stage of the vehicle product development. Among vehicles ap- peared on the market and in research, it has presented continuously better performance. The paper describes application examples and successful experience of CAE simulation analysis and performance optimization during the lightweight de- sign and development of a self-developed model of Geely, and looks forward to the prospects for the development of lightweight of Geely vehicle.

EXACT ANALYSIS OF SPURIOUS SIGNALS IN DIRECT DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZERS DUE TO AMPLITUDE QUANTIZATION

Amplitude quantization is one of the main sources of spurious noise frequencies in Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers (DDFSs), which affect their application to many wireless telecommu- nication systems. In this paper, two different kinds of spurious signals due to amplitude quantization in DDFSs are exactly formulated in the time domain and detailedly compared in the frequency do- main, and the effects of the DDFS parameter variations on the spurious performance are thoroughly studied. Then the spectral properties and power levels of the amplitude-quantization spurs in the absence of phase-accumulator truncation are emphatically analyzed by waveform estimation and computer simulation, and several important conclusions are derived which can provide theoretical support for parameter choice and spurious performance evaluation in the application of DDFSs.

Quantifying of Paraplegic Patient Facial Agitation Based on Fuzzy k-NN

A non-specific symptom of one or more physical, or psychological processes in which screaming, shouting, complaining, moaning, cursing, pacing, fidgeting or wandering pose risk or discomfort, become disruptive or unsafe or interfere with the delivery of care are called agitation. Individuals in agitation manifest their condition through ＂pain behavior＂, which includes facial expressions. Clinicians regard the patient＇s facial expression as a valid indicator for pain and pain intensity. Hence, correct interpretation of the facial agitation of the patient and its correlation with pain is a fundamental step in designing an automated pain assessment system. Computer vision techniques can be used to quantify agitation in sedated patients in Intensive Care Unit （ICU）. In particular, such techniques can be used to develop objective agitation measurements from patient motion. In the case of paraplegic patients, whole body movement is not available, and hence, monitoring the whole body motion is not a viable solution. Hence in this case, the author measured head motion and facial grimacing for quantifying facial patient agitation in critical care based on Fuzzy k-NN.

Measuring Cuvette Simulation of Dielectrometer for Permittivity Investigation of High-Loss Substances

The method and instrument for permittivity measurements of high-loss substances as biological objects are presented.The results of improving the measuring cuvette by means of computer simulation and optimization of measurement system are described.The optimization carried out allows the application of the dielectrometer in the diagnostic test under development.

The impacts of stress on the chemical structure of coals:a mini-review based on the recent development of mechanochemistry

The chemical structure evolution of coal,which is important for understanding coalification and the accompanying volatile and possible oil generation,is generally thought to be influenced by temperature,time and confining pressure.Though evidence concerning the impacts of stress on the chemical structure has accumulated for many years and some hypotheses have been proposed,the mechanism remains controversial.Recent years have seen a breakthrough in mechanochemistry,which proves that stress can act on the molecule directly to initiate or accelerate reactions by deforming the chemical bonds.The progress in mechanochemistry gives researchers incentive to consider how stress works on the chemical structure of coals.Preliminary quantum chemical calculations have been performed on the macromolecule of anthracite to explain the mechanism of gas generation during the deformation experiments at low temperatures.This paper briefly reviews the evidence regarding the impacts of stress on the chemical structure of coals and introduces the recent achievements in the mechanism research.To further investigate this problem,more work should be undertaken by researchers from both geology and quantum chemistry fields.

Optimization of parameters of Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation promotes peripheral circulation

OBJECTIVE:To explore the most effective parameters of Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation for improving peripheral blood circulation.METHODS:A total of 45 volunteers were recruited from Pudong district in Shanghai,China,from October to December 2010,and randomly divided into nine groups using computer-generated random numbers.Participants received Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation on Chengjin(BL 56) acupoint;each group received a particular combination of manipulation force and treatment time.We used a two-factor,three-level factorial design to examine the effects of force and treatment time on changes in popliteal artery average volume flow,pulsatility index,and vessel diameter to determine the optimal parameter group.Outcomes were assessed at baseline and after Tuina manipulation by interviewers blind to treatment group status.RESULTS:After manipulation,two of the nine groups showed an increase in popliteal artery volume flow.An inter-participants effect test showed that for main effect of time,F = 0.331,P = 0.720;for main effect of force,F = 2.934,P = 0.066;and for the force-time interaction effect,F = 1.072,P = 0.385,indicating no interaction between force and time.However,a pairwise comparison of the three levels of time showed that a treatment time of 10 min was significantly more effective than that of 2 min(P = 0.024).A pairwise comparison of light force,medium force,and heavy force showed a statistically significant effect for medium force(P = 0.035).CONCLUSION:Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation with vertical force of 9.31 N for 10 min is most effective in improving peripheral circulation.

Theoretical investigation of substitution and end-group effects on poly(p-phenylene vinylene)s

Semi-empirical AM1 and ZINDO/S,as well as density function theory(DFT)method B3LYP/6-31G(d)quantum chemical calculations were carried out to study the electronic structures and optical properties of poly(p-phenylene vinylene)derivatives(PPVs)with 10 and 11 phenylene rings in the backbone.The calculations suggest that the assembly of alternate incorporation of CN and alkoxy substituted phenylene rings in the PPV backbone could be a good way to construct organic semiconductors with low HOMO/LUMO energy band-gaps.The effect of the end-group on the electronic structures and optical properties of the conjugated polymer was investigated by the calculated UV-Vis and UPS spectra.It was demonstrated that the aldehyde and phosphate end-groups have limited effects on the photophysical properties in the UV-Visible range.