轴流泵叶顶间隙流动的计算流体动力分析

利用计算流体动力 (CFD)技术对轴流泵叶顶间隙流动进行数值模拟 ,对比分析了宽度为叶轮直径的 0% ,0 .1 % ,0 .2 %及 0 .3%四种不同间隙下轴流泵的能量特性 ,并对间隙内的速度分布情况进行了分析 .该数值模拟捕捉到了叶顶间隙的泄漏流动及泄漏涡 ,得到了比较完整的能量特性图表并与实验数据吻合 .

计算流体动力技术在水轮机优化设计中的应用

介绍了CFD技术在水轮机优化设计中的应用现状 ,提出了求解速度场和压力场的一种方法 ,论述了以三维流场的数值计算结果为基础 ,进行水轮机性能预测及能量损失分析的方法 .并通过一尾水管的流场计算 ,给出了运用CFD技术计算所得的轴面流场分布图 。

基于计算流体动力模型的沥青胶浆流变特性模拟

采用计算流体动力模型,对旋转黏度仪进行了数值模拟。利用数值技术和复杂的流变模式,将沥青胶浆中假塑性和触变性等不同的效应予以区隔。除此之外,填缝料颗粒移动的效应也予以界定和模型化。研究显示:使用适当的计算流体动力模型能够量化和模拟上述这些重要的效应,且旋转黏度仪所使用的传统稳态流黏度方程式并不能适用于含有填缝料的沥青胶浆。

流体动力并行计算研究应用前景广阔

第25届并行计算流体动力学会议（25th Inter-national Conference on Parallel Computational Fluid Dynamics, ParCFD 2013 ）于2013年5月20-24日在长沙举办。

翼型的流体动力研究

由于翼型的升力原理,翼型广泛应用航空航天以及各种叶片式流体机械当中,机翼和翼型叶栅是飞行器和叶片式流体机械的重要元件。气体的流动状态决定翼型的升阻比——升力系数与阻力系数的比值,翼型的升阻比是翼型应用中的关键因素。对于叶片式流体机械,流体流经叶栅流道时所发生的能量转换过程的优劣(效率的高低)完全取决于其中的流动状态。本文用流体力学的原理和方法来研究翼型的升力原理,以及流体作用于翼型及叶栅上的力的计算方法。

FLUENT软件在土建类本科课程“流体力学”中的应用

针对流体力学课程研究对象是流体,概念抽象,数学推导多,微积分方程多,理论不易掌握等特点,我校在土建类专业流体力学课程教学中,尝试使用FLUENT软件对一些典型流动问题进行数值模拟,如雷诺数判断流体运动状态和三维流场显示。将抽象的概念和理论转变为形象的图画和动画展示给学生。实践结果表明,在土建类流体力学课程中引入FLUENT软件确实有利于学生对学习内容的理解,有利于提高学生学习兴趣。

先进战斗机上辅助动力装置（APU）排气撞击的数值分析

研究人员已经对先进战斗机辅助动力装置(APU)相关的排出气流进行了三维粘性计算流体动力(CFD)分析。计算用于研究APU排气口附近机身上的表面加热量级。利用Chimera域分解技术建立了CFD模型。为了提供用于APU研究的背景流场，使用了一种由5个格网构成的无冀(非机密)战斗机构形。将APU几何数据进行了对比。为了建立恰当的APU模型，需要补加17个Chimera格网。为了评估小防喘振管(用于排出从APU进气口引来的起音速气流)的位置对APU排气流的影响，分析了两种不同的APU构形。结果表明直接将APU防喘管从APU排气口下游位置移到APU排气口内侧的位置，能使传给机身的总热量显著地降低。

超短翼理论用于分析船舶运动流体动力算法的讨论

考虑到在现有的一些文献中，对于小展弦比升力面理论的论述不够严密，所以对此又作了仔细地演绎．

An Effective 3D-CFD Methodology for the Complementary Virtual Development of Alternative Fuels and Engine Concepts

With the aim of reducing the cost of developing internal combustion engines,while at the same time investigating different geometries,layouts and fuels,3D-CFD-CHT simulations represent an indispensable part for the development of new technologies.These tools are increasingly used by manufacturers,as a screening process before building the first prototype.This paper presents an innovative methodology for virtual engine development.The 3D-CFD tool QuickSim,developed at FKFS,allows both a significant reduction in computation time and an extension of the simulated domain for complete engine systems.This is possible thanks to a combination of coarse meshes and self-developed internal combustion engine models,which simultaneously ensure high predictability.The present work demonstrates the capabilities of this innovative methodology for the design and optimization of different engines and fuels with the goal of achieving the highest possible combustion efficiencies and pollutant reductions.The analysis focuses on the influence of different fuels such as hydrogen,methanol,synthetic gasolines and methane on different engine geometries,in combination with suitable injection and ignition systems,including passive and active pre-chambers.Lean operations as well as knock reduction are discussed,particularly for methane and hydrogen injection.Finally,it is shown how depending on the chosen fuel,an appropriate ad-hoc engine layout can be designed to increase the indicated efficiency of the respective engines.

Design of Ocean Floating Structures:Prediction of Hydrodynamic Coefficients

[Introduction] Accurate calculation of the hydrodynamic coefficients for floating structures and the investigation of the flow field distribution around floating bodies on the marine free surface are essential for improving the engineering design and application of marine structures.[Method] This study utilized the computational fluid dynamics(CFD) approach and the Reynolds Averaged NavierStokes(RANS) method and considered the effects of viscosity and free surface interactions on the hydrodynamic behavior of floating structures.By employing the dynamic mesh technique,this study simulated the periodic movements of simplified three-dimensional(3D)shapes:spheres,cylinders,and cubes,which were representative of complex marine structures.The volume of fluid(VOF) method was leveraged to accurately track the nonlinear behavior of the free surface.In this analysis,the added mass and damping coefficients for the fundamental modes of motion(surge,heave,and roll) were calculated across a spectrum of frequencies,facilitating the fast determination of hydrodynamic forces and moments exerted on floating structures.[Result] The results of this study are not only consistent with the results of the 3D potential flow theory but also further reflect the role of viscosity.This method can be used for precise calculation of the hydrodynamic coefficients of floating structures and for describing the flow field of such structures in motion on a free surface.[Conclusion] The methodology presented goes beyond the traditional potential flow approach.

Optimum design of flow distribution in quenching tank for heat treatment of A357 aluminum alloy large complicated thin-wall workpieces by CFD simulation and ANN approach

Based on the computational fluid dynamics （CFD） method, a quenching tank with two agitator systems and two flow-equilibrating devices was selected to simulate flow distribution using Fluent software. A numerical example was used to testify the validity of the quenching tank model. In order to take tank parameters （agitation speed, position of directional flow baffle and coordinate position in quench zone） into account, an approach that combines the artificial neural network （ANN） with CFD method was developed to study the flow distribution in the quenching tank. The flow rate of the quenching medium shows a very good agreement between the ANN predicted results and the Fluent simulated data. Methods for the optimal design of the quenching tank can be used as technical support for industrial production.

Numerical simulation of flow regions in red mud separation thickener's feedwell by analysis of residence-time distribution

The residence-time distribution （RTD） and the compartment model were applied to characterizing the flow regions in red mud separation thickener’s feedwells. Combined with the experimental work, validated mathematical model as well as three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics （CFD） model was established to analyze the flow regions of feedwells on an industrial scale. The concept of RTD, although a well-known method for the characterization of mixing behavior in conventional mixers and reactors, is still a novel measure for the characterization of mixing in feedwells. Numerical simulation results show that the inlet feed rate and the aspect ratio of feedwells are the most critical parameters which affect the RTD of feedwell. Further simulation experiments were then carried out. Under the optimal operation conditions, the volume fraction of dead zone can reduce by10.8% and an increasement of mixing flow volume fraction by 6.5% is also observed. There is an optimum feed inlet rate depending on the feedwell design. The CFD model in conjunction with the RTD analysis then can be used as an effective tool in the design, evaluation and optimization of thickener feedwell in the red mud separation.

CFD-supported optimization of flow distribution in quench tank for heat treatment of A357 alloy large complicated components

The flow distribution in quench tank for heat treatment of A357 alloy large complicated components was simulated using FLUENT computational fluid dynamics（CFD） software.The flow velocity and the uniformity of flow field in two types of quench tanks（with or without agitation system） were calculated.The results show that the flow field in the quench tank without agitation system has not evident regularity.While as for the quench tank with agitation system,the flow fields in different parameters have certain regularity.The agitation tanks have a distinct advantage over the system without agitation.Proper process parameters were also obtained.Finally,the tank model established in this work was testified by an example from publication.This model with high accuracy is able to optimize the tank structures and can be helpful for industrial production and theoretical investigation in the fields of heat treatment of large complicated components.

Size dependent flow behaviors of particles in hydrocyclone based on multiphase simulation

To investigate the flow behaviors of different size particles in hydrocyclone,a designed process was numerically simulated by the transient solver,where the quartz particles possessing a size distribution were injected into a 100 mm diameter hydrocyclone with the steady water field and air core inside.A lab experimental work has validated the chosen models in simulation by comparing the classification efficiency results.The simulated process shows that the 25 μm quartz particles,close to the cut size,need much more time than the finer and coarser particles to reach the steady flow rate on the outlets of hydrocyclone.For the particles in the inner swirl,with the quartz size increasing from 5 to 25 μm,the particles take more time to enter the vortex finder.The 25 μm quartz particles move outward in the radial direction when they go up to the vortex finder,which is contrary to the quartz particles of 5 μm and 15 μm as they are closely surrounding the air core.The studies reveal that the flow behaviors of particles inside the hydrocyclone depend on the particle size.

Air interaction around outdoor air-cooled condensers

In order to increase cooling or heating efficiency,a porous computational fluid dynamics（CFD）model is employed to predict the thermo-fluid status and optimize the placement of outdoor units.A full scale model is established to validate the accuracy of CFD simulation in terms of velocity and temperature distributions.The comparison between the measurement and the simulation shows a good agreement.By evaluating the condensers＇ sucked air temperature with CFD for three units installed in a row,it is found that the minimum separation distance among neighboring units is 0.2 m;a vertical wall should be apart from the unit line by at least 0.8 m;and large different operating pressures among units do not impact the flow rate and the heat transfer of the other units meaningfully.

Numerical simulation of two-phase flow field in underwater sealing device based on dynamic mesh

In order to speed underwater launch of minor-caliber weapons,a sealing device can be set in front of underwater muzzle to separate water,preventing the muzzle from water immersion.By establishing and simplifying the model of underwater weapon sealing device and unstructured mesh computing domain model based on computational fluid dynamics（CFD）,dynamic mesh and user defined function（UDF）,the N-S equation is solved and the numerical analysis and calculation of the complex two-phase flow inside the sealing device are carried out.The results show that the gas discharged from the sealing device is conducive to the formation of the projectile supercavity.When the projectile is launched at 5munder water,the shock wave before and after the projectile has impact on the box body up to 100 MPa,therefore the sealing device must be strong enough.The research results have the vital significance to the design of underwater weapon sealing device and the formation of the projectile supercavitation.

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SUPERSONIC AXISYMMETRIC FLOW OVER MISSILE AFTERBODY WITH JET EXHAUST USING POSITIVE SCHEMES

Supersonic axisymmetric jet flow over a missile afterbody containing exhaust jet is simulated using the second order accurate positive schemes method developed for solving the axisymmetric Euler equations based on the 2-D conservation laws.Comparisons between the numerical results and the experimental measurements show excellent agreements.The computed results are in good agreement with the numerical solutions obtained by using third order accurate RKDG finite element method.The results show larger gradient at discontinuous points compared with those obtained by second order accurate TVD schemes.It indicates that the presented method is efficient and reliable for solving the axisymmetric jet with external freestream flows,and shows that the method captures shocks well without numerical noise.

Application of jet main region specification model in CFD simulation for room air movement analysis

This paper analyzes the applications of four air terminal device（ATD）models（i.e.,the basic model,the box model,the N-point momentum model,the jet main region specification model）in computational fluid dynamics（CFD）simulation and their performance in case study.A full-scale experiment is performed in an environment chamber,and the measured air velocity and temperature fields are compared with the simulation results by using four ATD models.The velocity and temperature fields are measured by an omni-directional thermo-anemometer system.It demonstrates that the basic model and the box model are not applicable to complicated air terminal devices.At the occupant area,the relative errors between simulated and measured air velocities are less than 20% based on the N-point momentum model and the jet main region specification model.Around the ATD zone,the relative error between the numerical and measured air velocity based on the jet main region specification model is less than 15%.The jet main region specification model is proved to be an applicable approach and a more accurate way to study the airflow pattern around the ATD with complicated geometry.

Simulation study on combustion system of tankless gas water heater

This paper simulates the combustion system of a regular tankless gas water heater under different static pressure conditions.The simulation results are in accordance with the test results.It proves that the used physical and mathematical models are reasonable.The results show that the flame height and the excess air ratios depend on the system pressure drop but not on the absolute pressure at the combustion chamber.The pressure drop and the amount of combustion air have an inverse relationship with CO generation,and they also impact on the temperature and velocity fields.To reduce CO emission,a stronger fan is needed to provide extra pressure head to ensure that enough combustion air is introduced into the system.This study provides a useful research tool to develop products through computational fluid dynamic analysis and laboratory testing.

基于混合子结构法的输电导线风雨激振气动特性

为了探究输电导线风雨激振的诱发机理,基于混合子结构方法对输电导线风雨激振非定常气动力进行了针对性的研究。首先,分别构建结构子结构(输电导线和上雨线)和流体动力计算(computational fluid dynamics,简称CFD)数值流场子结构;其次,利用自制的风洞模拟实验台及相关测试系统,获取结构子结构的振动响应(频率,振幅);最后,将测得振动响应作为CFD数值模拟的边界条件,计算绕流场特性并获取气动力特性参数,将计算得到的气动力施加到输电导线上,得到输电导线的振动响应并与实验结果比较。分析结果表明,混合子结构方法能够准确获得输电导线发生风雨激振时的气动特性,该方法为不便于实验获取气动力特性振动问题研究提供了一种有效途径。