目的评估脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)患者是否存在认知控制容量(capacity of cognitive control,CCC)的改变,以及CSVD患者认知控制容量与其他认知功能损害的关系,评估CCC预测CSVD发生的价值。方法共纳入21例符合条...目的评估脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)患者是否存在认知控制容量(capacity of cognitive control,CCC)的改变,以及CSVD患者认知控制容量与其他认知功能损害的关系,评估CCC预测CSVD发生的价值。方法共纳入21例符合条件的CSVD患者和22例正常对照,采用多数刺激掩蔽任务(the majority function task-masked,MFT-M)测量认知控制容量,同时进行蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Montreal cognitive assessment scale,MoCA)、言语流畅性测试(verbal fluency test,VFT)、中文听觉词汇学习测试(Chinese auditory verbal learning test,CAVLT)、符号数字模式测验(symbol digit modalities test,SDMT)、数字广度(digital span,DS)、Stroop色词测验(Stroop color word test,SCWT)、彩色数字连线测验(color trail test,CTT)和修订版波士顿命名测验(modified Boston naming test,Modified BNT)。比较CSVD组和对照组各项认知功能,在CSVD患者中分析CCC与其他认知功能的相关性。应用Logistic回归分析评估CCC对CSVD发生的预测作用。结果CSVD组CCC低于正常对照组[(2.97±0.72)bps,(3.53±0.62)bps,t=-2.704,P=0.01]。CSVD组和正常对照组在MoCA[(22.24±4.58)分,(24.86±2.42)分,t=-2.334,P=0.026]、VFT-动物[12(6)分,15(6)分,Z=-2.965,P=0.003]、VFT-蔬菜水果[(13.79±3.81)分,(18.27±4.13)分,t=-3.592,P=0.001]、CAVLT-瞬时回忆[(7.45±2.18)分,(9.11±2.08)分,t=-2.502,P=0.017]、CAVLT-短时延迟[(7.20±3.32)分,(10.76±3.08)分,t=-3.564,P=0.001]、CAVLT-长时延迟[(7.30±3.16)分,(10.29±3.18)分,t=-3.012,P=0.005]、SDMT[(15.95±5.49)分,(23.41±12.73)分,t=-2.513,P=0.018]、CTT-A[85.17(42.60)分,55.50(52.65)分,Z=-2.965,P=0.003]、CTT-B[(200.69±71.35)分,(132.44±53.66)分,t=3.556,P=0.001]、CTT干扰指数[(104.13±53.31)分,(65.20±35.98)分,t=2.819,P=0.007]评分的组间差异具有统计学意义;但在VFT-水开头词语[(3.68±2.63)分,(5.44±2.71)分,t=-1.940,P=0.061]、CAVLT-再认[14(3)分,14(4)分,Z=-0.524,P=0.601]、DS-正序[7.0(3.0)分,5.5(2.0)分,Z=-0.152,P=0.880]、DS-倒序[4(1)分,4(2)分,Z=-1.044,P=0.297]、SCWT干扰指数[(9.50±9.28)分,(5.94±10.47)分,t=1.123,P=0.268]、Modified BNT[14(3)分,13.5(3)分,Z=-0.727,P=0.467]差异无统计学意义。CSVD患者CCC与MoCA评分之间存在显著正相关关系(r=0.551,P=0.010)。CSVD患者CCC与DS-正序(r=0.532,P=0.013)、SCWT干扰指数(r=-0.487,P=0.040)之间也存在显著相关关系。Logistic回归分析结果表明,认知控制容量可以预测CSVD的发生[B=-1.318,P=0.019,OR=0.268,95%CI(0.089~0.808)]。结论CSVD患者的认知控制容量较正常人显著下降,CSVD患者的认知控制容量与整体认知显著相关。CCC与CSVD的发生有密切关系,CCC可以预测CSVD的发生。展开更多
In the past few years, the notion of task complexity has been receiving substantial attention in the field of second language acquisition. This paper explores task complexity from the cognitive perspective by analyzin...In the past few years, the notion of task complexity has been receiving substantial attention in the field of second language acquisition. This paper explores task complexity from the cognitive perspective by analyzing two studies with Skehan＇s limited capacity hypothesis and Robinson＇s cognition hypothesis. The two studies, namely You-Jin Kim＇s （2012） and Mirdamadi and Jong （2015）, explore on how linguistic complexity affects language performance. Two hypotheses, Skehan＇s limited capacity hypothesis and Robinson＇s cognition hypothesis, explain the two studies from the cognitive perspective by predicting either that increasing task complexity reduces a pool of attentional capacity during task performance or that increasing complex tasks promotes greater accuracy and complexity of speech and writing. It is suggested that language teaching, syllabus designing in particular, should be based on the basis of task complexity.展开更多
文摘In the past few years, the notion of task complexity has been receiving substantial attention in the field of second language acquisition. This paper explores task complexity from the cognitive perspective by analyzing two studies with Skehan＇s limited capacity hypothesis and Robinson＇s cognition hypothesis. The two studies, namely You-Jin Kim＇s （2012） and Mirdamadi and Jong （2015）, explore on how linguistic complexity affects language performance. Two hypotheses, Skehan＇s limited capacity hypothesis and Robinson＇s cognition hypothesis, explain the two studies from the cognitive perspective by predicting either that increasing task complexity reduces a pool of attentional capacity during task performance or that increasing complex tasks promotes greater accuracy and complexity of speech and writing. It is suggested that language teaching, syllabus designing in particular, should be based on the basis of task complexity.
