The literature shows that improvements in cognitive performance may be observed following an acute bout of exercise. However, evidence in support of the biological mechanisms of this effect is still limited. Findings ...The literature shows that improvements in cognitive performance may be observed following an acute bout of exercise. However, evidence in support of the biological mechanisms of this effect is still limited. Findings from both rodent and human studies suggest brain-derived neu- rotrophic factor (BDNF) as a potential mechanism of the effect of acute exercise on memory. The molecular properties of BDNF allow this protein to be assessed in the periphery (pBDNF) (i.e., blood serum, blood plasma), making measurements of acute exercise-induced changes in BDNF concentration relatively accessible. Studies exploring the acute exercise--pBDNF--cognitive performance relationship have had mixed findings, but this may be more reflective of methodological differences between studies than it is a statement about the role of BDNE For example, significant associations have been observed between acute exercise-induced changes in pBDNF concentration and cognitive performance in studies assessing memory, and non-significant associations have been found in studies assessing non-memory cognitive domains. Three suggestions are made for future research aimed at understanding the role of BDNF as a biological mechanism of this relationship: 1) Assessments of cognitive performance may benefit from a focus on various types of memory (e.g., relational, spatial, long-term); 2) More finegrained measurements of pBDNF will allow for the assessment of concentrations of specific isoforms of the BDNF protein (i.e., immature, mature); 3) Statistical techniques designed to test the mediating role of pBDNF in the acute exercise-cognitive performance relationship should be utilized in order to make causal inferences.展开更多
This thesis studies the concept and research background of filzziness and fuzzy theory, then committing further enumeration and analysis of the application of fuzzy theory in the fields of linguistics and literature. ...This thesis studies the concept and research background of filzziness and fuzzy theory, then committing further enumeration and analysis of the application of fuzzy theory in the fields of linguistics and literature. On this basis, the effectiveness and rationalization of the fuzzy theory's application in the English literature teaching were confirmed from many aspects. Among them, it is mainly investigated and analyzed from the objective factors and subjective factors. Subjective aspects mainly contain students' different cognitive ability, and the diversity existed in teachers' teaching and guiding methods. Objective aspects mainly include that the literature language and literature thoughts itself have the unique ambiguity. Finally, in summing up the investigation results the author put forward the essence of English literature teaching activity and put forward the methods to improve English literature teaching.展开更多
文摘The literature shows that improvements in cognitive performance may be observed following an acute bout of exercise. However, evidence in support of the biological mechanisms of this effect is still limited. Findings from both rodent and human studies suggest brain-derived neu- rotrophic factor (BDNF) as a potential mechanism of the effect of acute exercise on memory. The molecular properties of BDNF allow this protein to be assessed in the periphery (pBDNF) (i.e., blood serum, blood plasma), making measurements of acute exercise-induced changes in BDNF concentration relatively accessible. Studies exploring the acute exercise--pBDNF--cognitive performance relationship have had mixed findings, but this may be more reflective of methodological differences between studies than it is a statement about the role of BDNE For example, significant associations have been observed between acute exercise-induced changes in pBDNF concentration and cognitive performance in studies assessing memory, and non-significant associations have been found in studies assessing non-memory cognitive domains. Three suggestions are made for future research aimed at understanding the role of BDNF as a biological mechanism of this relationship: 1) Assessments of cognitive performance may benefit from a focus on various types of memory (e.g., relational, spatial, long-term); 2) More finegrained measurements of pBDNF will allow for the assessment of concentrations of specific isoforms of the BDNF protein (i.e., immature, mature); 3) Statistical techniques designed to test the mediating role of pBDNF in the acute exercise-cognitive performance relationship should be utilized in order to make causal inferences.
文摘This thesis studies the concept and research background of filzziness and fuzzy theory, then committing further enumeration and analysis of the application of fuzzy theory in the fields of linguistics and literature. On this basis, the effectiveness and rationalization of the fuzzy theory's application in the English literature teaching were confirmed from many aspects. Among them, it is mainly investigated and analyzed from the objective factors and subjective factors. Subjective aspects mainly contain students' different cognitive ability, and the diversity existed in teachers' teaching and guiding methods. Objective aspects mainly include that the literature language and literature thoughts itself have the unique ambiguity. Finally, in summing up the investigation results the author put forward the essence of English literature teaching activity and put forward the methods to improve English literature teaching.