认知注意力视角下汉字的意义构建

从认知注意力的视角,对汉字构造及其意义构建进行分析,主要阐释认知注意力在汉字意义形成中的作用,揭示汉字构造的认知规律,以期为认知语言学理论同汉字的研究相结合提供一个新的案例,也可为对外汉字教学带来启示。

汉语认知语义学研究中的概念结构观

本文系统回顾了新世纪以来汉语认知语义学中的概念结构研究,集中探讨了词义研究中的概念结构观和概念成分的注意力强度问题,揭示了其中蕴含的语言学思想,从中可以看到概念结构理论完全适用于汉语语言事实,可以对汉语的诸多语言现象作出合理的解释。

Comparing the effectiveness of karate and fitnes training on cognitive functioning in older adults——A randomized controlled trial

Background：Recent studies demonstrate a slowdown in deterioration of cognitive functioning in old age through aerobic training.There is evidence that the combination of aerobic,balance,and coordination exercises leads to an improvement or maintenance of cognitive functions.Such age-related exercises can especially be found in East Asian martial arts.The purpose of the current study is to verify whether karate training for older adults improves cognitive functioning and,if an improvement can be found,which cognitive field are influenced Methods：Eighty-nine older women and men（mean age：70 years） participated in this study.The participants were randomized into 2 intervention groups（karate group and fitnes group,duration of intervention：5 months） and a control group.All participants had to accomplish a cognitive test battery before and after the intervention.In a secondary study the karate group had an additional intervention for another 5 months.Results：The results show that there is a significan improvement in motor reactivity,stress tolerance,and divided attention only after the 5-month karate training period.Additionally,the results of the secondary study indicate further improvements after 10 months.Conclusion：The 5-month karate training can help to enhance attention,resilience,and motor reaction time,but a training period of 10 months is even more efficient

积极刺激与非积极刺激间的关联与转化互动

注意力资源的优质分配能帮助人们高效获取外界信息中的积极刺激,并最终实现诸如语言能力、策略能力、心理加工机制等方面的持续提升。注意力认知偏向模式基于Bachman语言交际能力模型,提出以(外语)语言的'语义传达'为积极刺激导向的理论假设,通过测量外语学习者在不同刺激强度影响下的话语歧义容忍度和焦虑程度的变化情况,对其中积极刺激与非积极刺激所生成的认知关联和转化进行探讨,旨在描述和预测以外语输出为主体的实践活动关于语言知识、专业知识、通用知识的权重设置情况。