Cognitive models must be able to adapt the students learning behaviors dynamically.In our point of view,the processes of learning and understanding are,in nature,the procedure that gains the meaning of the object to b...Cognitive models must be able to adapt the students learning behaviors dynamically.In our point of view,the processes of learning and understanding are,in nature,the procedure that gains the meaning of the object to be learned.So,ICAI cognitive models should reflect the meaning structure of the domain knowledge in students mind.According to this view,we developed the meaning theory of Ludwig Wittgenstein,and proposed the concept of meaning conjoinism.On the basis of the meaning conjoinism we proposed a meaning oriented ICAI cognitive model and its corresponding teaching tactics.Furthermore,we developed an ICAI system named Thinking and the efficiency of our proposal has been demonstrated.展开更多
The paper is purposed to promote students＇ writing skills and help them perfect their cognitive structure at the same time by designing some writing tasks. The tasks are based on the contents of the teaching material...The paper is purposed to promote students＇ writing skills and help them perfect their cognitive structure at the same time by designing some writing tasks. The tasks are based on the contents of the teaching materials, and students can get involved in the activities by thinking critically.展开更多
Cooperative spectrum sensing in cog- nitive radio is investigated to improve the det- ection performance of Primary User （PU）. Meanwhile, cluster-based hierarchical coop- eration is introduced for reducing the overh...Cooperative spectrum sensing in cog- nitive radio is investigated to improve the det- ection performance of Primary User （PU）. Meanwhile, cluster-based hierarchical coop- eration is introduced for reducing the overhead as well as maintaining a certain level of sens- ing performance. However, in existing hierar- chically cooperative spectrum sensing algo- rithms, the robustness problem of the system is seldom considered. In this paper, we pro- pose a reputation-based hierarchically coop- erative spectrum sensing scheme in Cognitive Radio Networks （CRNs）. Before spectrum sensing, clusters are grouped based on the location correlation coefficients of Secondary Users （SUs）. In the proposed scheme, there are two levels of cooperation, the first one is performed within a cluster and the second one is carried out among clusters. With the reputa- tion mechanism and modified MAJORITY rule in the second level cooperation, the pro- posed scheme can not only relieve the influ- ence of the shadowing, but also eliminate the impact of the PU emulation attack on a rela- tively large scale. Simulation results show that, in the scenarios with deep-shadowing or mul- tiple attacked SUs, our proposed scheme ach- ieves a better tradeoff between the system robustness and the energy saving compared with those conventionally cooperative sensing schemes.展开更多
Cross-modal semantic mapping and cross-media retrieval are key problems of the multimedia search engine.This study analyzes the hierarchy,the functionality,and the structure in the visual and auditory sensations of co...Cross-modal semantic mapping and cross-media retrieval are key problems of the multimedia search engine.This study analyzes the hierarchy,the functionality,and the structure in the visual and auditory sensations of cognitive system,and establishes a brain-like cross-modal semantic mapping framework based on cognitive computing of visual and auditory sensations.The mechanism of visual-auditory multisensory integration,selective attention in thalamo-cortical,emotional control in limbic system and the memory-enhancing in hippocampal were considered in the framework.Then,the algorithms of cross-modal semantic mapping were given.Experimental results show that the framework can be effectively applied to the cross-modal semantic mapping,and also provides an important significance for brain-like computing of non-von Neumann structure.展开更多
Cognitive and behavioral research on religion has focused most in the last years on aspects which could be deemed ＂unconscious＂： inner mechanisms, innate patterns, or hidden cognitive structures broadly shared by h...Cognitive and behavioral research on religion has focused most in the last years on aspects which could be deemed ＂unconscious＂： inner mechanisms, innate patterns, or hidden cognitive structures broadly shared by humans. Very often, the ongoing research programs resort to computational models of mind in which the conscious side of that experience is mainly ignored. It becomes urgent to fill in the perceived gap, suggesting some lines of study that are able to account for the conscious dimensions of religion. An opportunity is offered by the new paths recently opened by extensive experimental research on conscious aspects of human experience and the value that leads authors to attribute to these features. Seizing on this opportunity, the paper reviews the state of the question and the available literature on conscious and unconscious aspects of mind and behavior. Taking it a step further, the paper tries to apply these general principles to the specific study of religious mind and behavior. Furthermore, some lines for future research are proposed as a result of the suggested program.展开更多
This thesis has collected 156 business letters and analyzed their characteristics within the framework of V. K. Bhatia＇s cognitive structuring model. Each kind of the business letters follows different moves and with...This thesis has collected 156 business letters and analyzed their characteristics within the framework of V. K. Bhatia＇s cognitive structuring model. Each kind of the business letters follows different moves and within moves, a wide range of strategies are employed. This paper on the one hand illustrates the different structures of business letters and on the other hand demonstrates that the sequencing of the moves enjoys a great flexibility, which to some degree reflects the dynamic nature of genre.展开更多
Cultural schemas, as cognitive structures and generalized collections of knowledge of past experiences that are organized into related knowledge groups, can be used to perceive and understand various cultural phenomen...Cultural schemas, as cognitive structures and generalized collections of knowledge of past experiences that are organized into related knowledge groups, can be used to perceive and understand various cultural phenomena in the communication. People carry different schemas （background knowledge） that play an important role in guiding people＇s behaviors in intercultural communication. The purpose of this paper is to attempt to theoretically apply communication strategies to the development of intercultural communicative competence in light of Cultural Schema Theory. It focuses on the relationship between cultural schema and intercultural communicative competence. Some pedagogical implications are given that cultural schema could be previously intended to help communicaters have a better and easier life when they are living in other countries, such as awareness raising, knowledge acquisition, emotional management, and skills development. This paper is written on the basis of a collection of the Chinese university students＇ experience of culture-learning. The study has certain significance in the practice on cultural acquisition, communication competence, and intercultural communication.展开更多
Metacognition has been quite a buzzword in recent research on language learning, in particular second language learning. As a concept originally coined in the field of psychology, metacognition has been extensively di...Metacognition has been quite a buzzword in recent research on language learning, in particular second language learning. As a concept originally coined in the field of psychology, metacognition has been extensively discussed in second language acquistion field, because increasingly more researchers point to the significant role learners＇ metacognition plays in their language learning. However, as a psychological concept, many teachers feel metacognition is a rather elusive concept for them to concretize in everyday pedagogy. To shed light on classroom teaching, this paper deciphers this concept to our language teachers. It mainly focuses on the constructs of metacognition, the development of this concept in language learning area, and the practice of implementing metacognitive instruction in language classrooms.展开更多
This study attempts to investigate if and how students＇ perceptions regarding the first accounting course related with the selection of accounting as a major. Moreover, it examines students＇ initial perceptions and ...This study attempts to investigate if and how students＇ perceptions regarding the first accounting course related with the selection of accounting as a major. Moreover, it examines students＇ initial perceptions and course performance regarding the introductory accounting course. Participants in this study were 120 students from Technological Educational Institute of Kavala, School of Business and Economics （3 departments）, who were asked to complete a survey instrument. The instrument used eleven statements regarding students＇ perceptions （such as difficulty and motivation of the course） of the first accounting course. The main factors affect students＇ decisions to follow accounting and seem to be similar with other researchers＇ findings （Geiger ＆ Ogilby, 2000）. Future research could be used larger sample from different countries and the survey could also be used for a longer time period.展开更多
This thesis studies the concept and research background of filzziness and fuzzy theory, then committing further enumeration and analysis of the application of fuzzy theory in the fields of linguistics and literature. ...This thesis studies the concept and research background of filzziness and fuzzy theory, then committing further enumeration and analysis of the application of fuzzy theory in the fields of linguistics and literature. On this basis, the effectiveness and rationalization of the fuzzy theory＇s application in the English literature teaching were confirmed from many aspects. Among them, it is mainly investigated and analyzed from the objective factors and subjective factors. Subjective aspects mainly contain students＇ different cognitive ability, and the diversity existed in teachers＇ teaching and guiding methods. Objective aspects mainly include that the literature language and literature thoughts itself have the unique ambiguity. Finally, in summing up the investigation results the author put forward the essence of English literature teaching activity and put forward the methods to improve English literature teaching.展开更多
A best evidence topic was devised in light of a structured protocol. What is the advantage of （minl＂mally invasive） approach in （frail patients） undergoing （aortic valve replacement）？ In cardiac outpatient cl...A best evidence topic was devised in light of a structured protocol. What is the advantage of （minl＂mally invasive） approach in （frail patients） undergoing （aortic valve replacement）？ In cardiac outpatient clinic you review an 85-year old male with severe aortic valve stenosis, low left ventricular ejection fraction and creatinine clearance of less than 50 mL/min. Other comorbidities include treated pulmonary hypertension, mild cognitive impairment, marked limitation of ordinary physical activity and depression. You resolve to determine whether to recommend mim＇mally invasive or conventional aortic valve replacement （AVR） or transcathe- ter aortic valve implantation （TAVI）, however you are not sure of the differences of the impact of frailty on preopera- tive risk for each approach; hence you investigate the best evidence on the topic.展开更多
文摘Cognitive models must be able to adapt the students learning behaviors dynamically.In our point of view,the processes of learning and understanding are,in nature,the procedure that gains the meaning of the object to be learned.So,ICAI cognitive models should reflect the meaning structure of the domain knowledge in students mind.According to this view,we developed the meaning theory of Ludwig Wittgenstein,and proposed the concept of meaning conjoinism.On the basis of the meaning conjoinism we proposed a meaning oriented ICAI cognitive model and its corresponding teaching tactics.Furthermore,we developed an ICAI system named Thinking and the efficiency of our proposal has been demonstrated.
文摘The paper is purposed to promote students＇ writing skills and help them perfect their cognitive structure at the same time by designing some writing tasks. The tasks are based on the contents of the teaching materials, and students can get involved in the activities by thinking critically.
基金ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This work was partially supported by the Na- tional Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61071127 and the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Pro- vince under Grants No. 2012C01036-1, No. 2011R10035.
文摘Cooperative spectrum sensing in cog- nitive radio is investigated to improve the det- ection performance of Primary User （PU）. Meanwhile, cluster-based hierarchical coop- eration is introduced for reducing the overhead as well as maintaining a certain level of sens- ing performance. However, in existing hierar- chically cooperative spectrum sensing algo- rithms, the robustness problem of the system is seldom considered. In this paper, we pro- pose a reputation-based hierarchically coop- erative spectrum sensing scheme in Cognitive Radio Networks （CRNs）. Before spectrum sensing, clusters are grouped based on the location correlation coefficients of Secondary Users （SUs）. In the proposed scheme, there are two levels of cooperation, the first one is performed within a cluster and the second one is carried out among clusters. With the reputa- tion mechanism and modified MAJORITY rule in the second level cooperation, the pro- posed scheme can not only relieve the influ- ence of the shadowing, but also eliminate the impact of the PU emulation attack on a rela- tively large scale. Simulation results show that, in the scenarios with deep-shadowing or mul- tiple attacked SUs, our proposed scheme ach- ieves a better tradeoff between the system robustness and the energy saving compared with those conventionally cooperative sensing schemes.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61305042,61202098)Projects of Center for Remote Sensing Mission Study of China National Space Administration(No.2012A03A0939)Science and Technological Research of Key Projects of Education Department of Henan Province of China(No.13A520071)
文摘Cross-modal semantic mapping and cross-media retrieval are key problems of the multimedia search engine.This study analyzes the hierarchy,the functionality,and the structure in the visual and auditory sensations of cognitive system,and establishes a brain-like cross-modal semantic mapping framework based on cognitive computing of visual and auditory sensations.The mechanism of visual-auditory multisensory integration,selective attention in thalamo-cortical,emotional control in limbic system and the memory-enhancing in hippocampal were considered in the framework.Then,the algorithms of cross-modal semantic mapping were given.Experimental results show that the framework can be effectively applied to the cross-modal semantic mapping,and also provides an important significance for brain-like computing of non-von Neumann structure.
文摘Cognitive and behavioral research on religion has focused most in the last years on aspects which could be deemed ＂unconscious＂： inner mechanisms, innate patterns, or hidden cognitive structures broadly shared by humans. Very often, the ongoing research programs resort to computational models of mind in which the conscious side of that experience is mainly ignored. It becomes urgent to fill in the perceived gap, suggesting some lines of study that are able to account for the conscious dimensions of religion. An opportunity is offered by the new paths recently opened by extensive experimental research on conscious aspects of human experience and the value that leads authors to attribute to these features. Seizing on this opportunity, the paper reviews the state of the question and the available literature on conscious and unconscious aspects of mind and behavior. Taking it a step further, the paper tries to apply these general principles to the specific study of religious mind and behavior. Furthermore, some lines for future research are proposed as a result of the suggested program.
文摘This thesis has collected 156 business letters and analyzed their characteristics within the framework of V. K. Bhatia＇s cognitive structuring model. Each kind of the business letters follows different moves and within moves, a wide range of strategies are employed. This paper on the one hand illustrates the different structures of business letters and on the other hand demonstrates that the sequencing of the moves enjoys a great flexibility, which to some degree reflects the dynamic nature of genre.
文摘Cultural schemas, as cognitive structures and generalized collections of knowledge of past experiences that are organized into related knowledge groups, can be used to perceive and understand various cultural phenomena in the communication. People carry different schemas （background knowledge） that play an important role in guiding people＇s behaviors in intercultural communication. The purpose of this paper is to attempt to theoretically apply communication strategies to the development of intercultural communicative competence in light of Cultural Schema Theory. It focuses on the relationship between cultural schema and intercultural communicative competence. Some pedagogical implications are given that cultural schema could be previously intended to help communicaters have a better and easier life when they are living in other countries, such as awareness raising, knowledge acquisition, emotional management, and skills development. This paper is written on the basis of a collection of the Chinese university students＇ experience of culture-learning. The study has certain significance in the practice on cultural acquisition, communication competence, and intercultural communication.
文摘Metacognition has been quite a buzzword in recent research on language learning, in particular second language learning. As a concept originally coined in the field of psychology, metacognition has been extensively discussed in second language acquistion field, because increasingly more researchers point to the significant role learners＇ metacognition plays in their language learning. However, as a psychological concept, many teachers feel metacognition is a rather elusive concept for them to concretize in everyday pedagogy. To shed light on classroom teaching, this paper deciphers this concept to our language teachers. It mainly focuses on the constructs of metacognition, the development of this concept in language learning area, and the practice of implementing metacognitive instruction in language classrooms.
文摘This study attempts to investigate if and how students＇ perceptions regarding the first accounting course related with the selection of accounting as a major. Moreover, it examines students＇ initial perceptions and course performance regarding the introductory accounting course. Participants in this study were 120 students from Technological Educational Institute of Kavala, School of Business and Economics （3 departments）, who were asked to complete a survey instrument. The instrument used eleven statements regarding students＇ perceptions （such as difficulty and motivation of the course） of the first accounting course. The main factors affect students＇ decisions to follow accounting and seem to be similar with other researchers＇ findings （Geiger ＆ Ogilby, 2000）. Future research could be used larger sample from different countries and the survey could also be used for a longer time period.
文摘This thesis studies the concept and research background of filzziness and fuzzy theory, then committing further enumeration and analysis of the application of fuzzy theory in the fields of linguistics and literature. On this basis, the effectiveness and rationalization of the fuzzy theory＇s application in the English literature teaching were confirmed from many aspects. Among them, it is mainly investigated and analyzed from the objective factors and subjective factors. Subjective aspects mainly contain students＇ different cognitive ability, and the diversity existed in teachers＇ teaching and guiding methods. Objective aspects mainly include that the literature language and literature thoughts itself have the unique ambiguity. Finally, in summing up the investigation results the author put forward the essence of English literature teaching activity and put forward the methods to improve English literature teaching.
文摘A best evidence topic was devised in light of a structured protocol. What is the advantage of （minl＂mally invasive） approach in （frail patients） undergoing （aortic valve replacement）？ In cardiac outpatient clinic you review an 85-year old male with severe aortic valve stenosis, low left ventricular ejection fraction and creatinine clearance of less than 50 mL/min. Other comorbidities include treated pulmonary hypertension, mild cognitive impairment, marked limitation of ordinary physical activity and depression. You resolve to determine whether to recommend mim＇mally invasive or conventional aortic valve replacement （AVR） or transcathe- ter aortic valve implantation （TAVI）, however you are not sure of the differences of the impact of frailty on preopera- tive risk for each approach; hence you investigate the best evidence on the topic.
