论金女大“厚生”校训的伦理意蕴及其对当代高等教育的启示

金陵女子大学(下简称'金女大')是今南京师范大学的源头之一,金陵女子学院的前身。1913年由美国联合教会筹备,1915年正式成立了金陵女子大学,美国人德本康夫人任第一任校长。1919年培养出在中国首批获得学士学位的女生。1928年—1951年吴贻芳博士任第二任校长,学校改名为私立金陵女子文理学院。

张真人《金石灵砂论》外丹黄白考释

张真人《金石灵砂论》与外丹黄白之关系,学界迄今未有详论[1].作者考释认为,张真人生于唐神龙五年(707)而卒于唐贞元十六年(800),享年93岁.又今本《道藏》所题"蒙山张隐居撰",当为"雾山张隐居撰"之误;在丹药理论方面,该经实际包括了"阴阳相配原理"和"转化论"两个方面,它们贯穿于中国外丹黄白术的整个流变史中;在黄白的具体烧炼上,廓清了"铅"与"黑铅"的区别,使以往的诸多疑虑得以释然.事实说明,唐代道士在外丹黄白烧炼的温度控制和丹药性质的划分上,已形成一套有别于汉晋南北朝的方法和理论.

《脉书·上经》中四时疾病系统探析

天回镇出土医简《脉书·上经》中记载了五脏通天,分别通于四时与中州。本文通过对四时思想起源的探讨,以及出土文献与传世文献的对读比较,认为四时思想在医学中的关切首先在于疾病,这种四时疾病系统在《脉书·上经》中与五藏相结合,旨在说明四时五脏疾病的部位与诊治原则。

Design of new biomedical titanium alloy based on d-electron alloy design theory and JMatPro software

A new kind offl biomedical titanium alloy, Ti-35Nb-4Sn-6Mo-9Zr, composed of non-toxic elements Nb, Mo, Zr and Sn with lower elastic modulus and higher strength was designed based on d-electron alloy design theory and JMatPro software using orthogonal experiment. The microstructure and basic mechanical properties of designed alloy were investigated. The results show that the alloy is composed of single fl equiaxed grains after solution treatment at 800 ~C. Compared with Ti-6A1-4V, the mechanical properties of the designed alloy are more excellent： E=65 GPa, σb=834 MPa, σ0.2=802 MPa, and σ=11%, which is expected to become a promising new type implanted material. The research approach adopted can reduce the experimental time and cost effectively, and get the ideal experimental results.

Theoretical prediction of forming limit diagram of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet at warm temperatures

A theoretical prediction on forming limit diagram（FLD） of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet was developed at warm temperatures based on the M-K theory. Two different yield criteria of von Mises and Hill＇48 were applied in this model. Mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy used in the prediction were obtained by uniaxial tensile tests and the Fields-Backofen equation was incorporated in the analysis. In addition, experimental FLDs of AZ31 were acquired by conducting rigid die swell test at different temperatures to verify the prediction. It is demonstrated from a comparison between the predicted and the experimental FLDs at 473 K and 523 K that the predicted results are influenced by the type of yield criterion used in the calculation, especially at lower temperatures. Furthermore, a better agreement between the predicted results and experimental data for AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet at warm temperatures was obtained when Hill＇48 yield criterion was applied.

Structural and Electronic Properties of ConC3-/0 and ConC4-/0 （n=1-4） Clusters： Mass-Selected Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory Calculations

We investigated the structural evolution and elecfronic properties of ConC3-/0 and ConC4-/0 （n=1-4） clusters by using mass-selected photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. The adiabatic and vertical detachment energies of CO1-4C3- and COl-4C4- were obtained from their photoelectron spectra. By comparing the theoretical results with the experimental data, the global minimum structures were determined. The results indicate that the carbon atoms of ConC3-/0 and ConC4-/0 （n=1-4） are separated from each other gradually with increasing number of cobalt atoms but a C2 unit still remains at n=4. It is interesting that the Co2C3- and Co2C4- anions have planar structures whereas the neutral Co2C3 and Co2C4 have linear structures with the Co atoms at two ends. The Co3C3- anion has a planar structure with a Co2C2 four-membered ring and a Co3C four-membered ring sharing a Co-Co bond, while the neutral Co3C3 is a three-dimensional structure with a C2 unit and a C atom connecting to two faces of the Co3 triangle.

Electronic interaction between single Pt atom and vacancies on boron nitride nanosheets and its influence on the catalytic performance in the direct dehydrogenation of propane

The electronic metal-support interaction(EMSI)is one of most intriguing phenomena in heterogeneous catalysis.In this work,this subtle effect is clearly demonstrated by density functional theory(DFT)calculations of single Pt atom supported on vacancies in a boron nitride nanosheet.Moreover,the relation between the EMSI and the performance of Pt in propane direct dehydrogenation(PDH)is investigated in detail.The charge state and partial density of states of single Pt atom show distinct features at different anchoring positions,such as boron and nitrogen vacancies(Bvac and Nvac,respectively).Single Pt atom become positively and negatively charged on Bvac and Nvac,respectively.Therefore,the electronic structure of Pt can be adjusted by rational deposition on the support.Moreover,Pt atoms in different charge states have been shown to have different catalytic abilities in PDH.The DFT calculations reveal that Pt atoms on Bvac(Pt-Bvac)have much higher reactivity towards reactant/product adsorption and C–H bond activation than Pt supported on Nvac(Pt-Nvac),with larger adsorption energy and lower barrier along the reaction pathway.However,the high reactivity of Pt-Bvac also hinders propene desorption,which could lead to unwanted deep dehydrogenation.Therefore,the results obtained herein suggest that a balanced reactivity for C–H activation in propane and propene desorption is required to achieve optimum yields.Based on this descriptor,a single Pt atom on a nitrogen vacancy is considered an effective catalyst for PDH.Furthermore,the deep dehydrogenation of the formed propene is significantly suppressed,owing to the large barrier on Pt-Nvac.The current work demonstrates that the catalytic properties of supported single Pt atoms can be tuned by rationally depositing them on a boron nitride nanosheet and highlights the great potential of single-atom catalysis in the PDH reaction.

Environmental impact assessment of magnesium alloy automobile hub based on life cycle assessment

In order to find out the impact of aluminum alloy hub replaced by the magnesium alloy hub on environment,the resource consumption,energy consumption and pollutant emission during hub production and their service life of the two types of hubs are investigated based on the life cycle assessment(LCA)theory.The results indicate that the adverse impact on environment can be effectively reduced by the application of magnesium alloy hubs.Compared with aluminum alloy hubs,the global warming potential(GWP)and human toxicity potential(HTP)are reduced by 39.6%and 24.0%,respectively.CO2 is the main pollutant in the life cycles of the two kinds of hubs,which is generated throughout the whole life cycle including the fabrication process and the service life,while the pollutants of particles mainly come from the fabrication stage.Compared with the aluminum alloy hubs,the green effect brought by magnesium alloy hubs is mainly due to the reduction of fuel consumption caused by weight loss.

Reactions of Group V Metal Atoms with Hydrogen Sulfide： Argon Matrix Infrared Spectra and Theoretical Calculations

The reaction of laser-ablated vanadium, niobium and tantalum atoms with hydrogen sulfide has been investigated using matrix isolation FTIR and theoretical calculations. The metal atoms inserted into the H-S bond of H2S to form the HMSH molecules （M=V, Nb, Ta）, which rearranged to H2MS molecules on annealing for Nb and Ta. The HMSH molecule can also further react with another H2S to form the H2M（SH）2 molecules. These new molecules were identified on the basis of the D2S and H234S isotopic substitutions. DFT （B3LYP and BPW91） theoretical calculations are used to predict energies, geometries, and vibrational frequencies for these novel metal dihydrido complexes and molecules. Reaction mechanism for formation of group V dihydrido complex was investigated by DFT internal reaction coordinate calculations. The dissociation of HVSH gave VS＋H2 on broad band irradiation and reverse reaction happened on annealing. Based on B3LYP calculation releasing hydrogen from HVSH is endothermic only by 13.5 kcal/mol with lower energy barrier of 16.9 kcal/mol.

Mechanistic insight into methanol electro‐oxidation catalyzed by PtCu alloy

In this work,we have performed density functional theory(DFT)calculations to investigate the methanol electro‐oxidation reaction(MOR)catalyzed by the Pt,PtCu alloy and Cu.The complex reaction networks,including the intermediate dehydrogenation,water dissociation and anti‐poison reaction steps,are systematically investigated to explore the mechanisms.At the standard condition of pH=0 and zero potential,for Cu,most dehydrogenation steps along the favorable pathway are endergonic,making it less active in MOR.For the Pt and PtCu alloy,their dehydrogenation steps are mainly exergonic,but the formed CO intermediate binds too tightly on Pt,that can accumulate on active sites to poison the electro‐catalyst.The CO can be consumed by the thermodynamic reaction with OH*,which comes from water dissociation.DFT calculation shows alloying the Pt with Cu could not only reduce the free energy barrier for binding between CO*and OH*,but also assist the water dissociation to produce more OH*for that anti‐poison reaction.That makes the PtCu alloy more active than the pure Pt electrode in experiment.The results reveal the importance of anti‐poison reaction and water dissociation in MOR,which could be applied to the rational design of more active alloy electro‐catalysts in future.

Crystallographic and Morphological Sensitivity of N_(2) Activation over Ruthenium

Ruthenium(Ru)serves as a promising catalyst for ammonia synthesis via the Haber-Bosch process,identification of the structure sensitivity to improve the activity of Ru is important but not fully explored yet.We present here density functional theory calculations combined with microkinetic simulations on nitrogen molecule activation,a crucial step in ammonia synthesis,over a variety of hexagonal close-packed(hcp)and face-center cubic(fcc)Ru facets.Hcp{2130}facet exhibits the highest activity toward N_(2) dissociation in hcp Ru,followed by the(0001)monatomic step sites.The other hcp Ru facets have N_(2) dissociation rates at least three orders lower.Fcc{211}facet shows the best performance for N_(2) activation in fcc Ru,followed by{311},which indicates stepped surfaces make great contributions to the overall reactivity.Although hcp Ru{2130}facet and(0001)monatomic step sites have lower or comparable activation barriers compared with fcc Ru{211}facet,fcc Ru is proposed to be more active than hcp Ru for N_(2) conversion due to the exposure of the more favorable active sites over step surfaces in fcc Ru.This work provides new insights into the crystal structure sensitivity of N_(2) activation for mechanistic understanding and rational design of ammonia synthesis over Ru catalysts.

Structures and Stability of Metal Amidoboranes (MAB): Density Functional Calculations

Molecule geometry structures, frequencies, and energetic stabilities of ammonia borane （AB, NH3BH3 ） and metal amidoboranes （MAB, MNH2BH3）, formed by substituting H atom in AB with one of main group metal atoms, have been investigated by density-functional theory and optimized at the B3LYP levels with 6-311G＋＋ （3dr, 3pd） basic set. Their structural parameters and infrared spectrum characteristic peaks have been predicted, which should be the criterion of a successfully synthesized material. Several parameters such as binding energies, vibrational frequencies, and the energy gaps between the HOMO and the LUMO have been adopted to characterize and evaluate their structure stabilities. It is also found that the binding energies and HOMO-LUMO energy gaps of the MAB obviously change with the substitution of the atoms. MgAB has the lowest binding energy and is easier to decompose than any other substitutional structures under same conditions, while CaAB has the highest chemical activity.

Unitary Transformation in kq Representation

In this paper,we discuss the unitary transformation induced by Z_6 rotations of noncommutative space onthe states |k,q,s〉,which plays a key role in construction for noncommutative solitons T^2/Z_6 by GHS method.As aresult,we prove a well-known 'Gauss Sum' formula in the number theory through a concise way.

Analysis on damage and rheological characteristics of deep surrounding rock of shaft engineering

According to the characteristics of deep engineering surrounding rock main shaft of No.3 mining district in Jinchuan, electron microscope scanning and rock mechanics test were adopted to analyze the damage features of rock. The software of FLAG3D and Burgers body （Kelvin-Maxwell model） were used to research on rheological theory, and rheological model was modified. The results indicate that the damage of rock mass is very serious, and the rheological characteristics also outstanding; rheological behavior of deep surrounding rocks of the shaft can be taken as superposition of transient and stable rheology; and there exist the most dangerous zone on 100 m higher than 1 063 m level, so it is necessity that works of monitor and corresponding reinforcement should strengthen.

Specificity and Semantic Horizon of the Human Sciences from the Viewpoint of Bakhtin＇s Metalinguistics

This article explores the potential resources of the Bakhtin＇s theory of dialogism and its core concepts for the development of the philosophy and methodology of the human sciences. Focusing on Bakhtin＇s late essays： ＂The Problem of the Text in Linguistics, Philology, and the Human Sciences; From Notes Made in 1970-71;＂ and ＂Toward a Methodology for the Human Sciences,＂ the author deals with such concepts as sense, semantic whole, superaddressee, the third, and outsideness. Metalinguistics is interpreted as a philosophical approach to the problems of humanities methodology. The specifics of the human sciences, which Bakhtin put to the question, are described in comparison and correlation with the natural sciences. The author elaborates the idea of the communicative three-part relationship or trilogue （as a development of the dialogue）. The role of the superaddressee as the third participant of the trilogue between the researcher （the subject） and the text （the object） is discussed. The notion semantic whole and its implementation in the process of the sense＇s becoming （development） are analyzed.

First-Principles Study on Magnetism of Manganese Dithiolene-diamine and Dihydroxyl-diamine Nanosheets

We perform first-principles simulations on a type of two-dimensional metal-organic nanosheet derived from the recently reported manganese bis-dithiolene Mn3C12S12 [Nanoscale 5, 10404 （2013）] and manganese bis-diamine Mn3C12N12H12 [ChemPhysChem 16, 614 （2015）] mono-layers. By coordinating chalcogen （S or O） atoms and -NH- group to Mn atoms with trans- or cis-structures and preserving space inversion symmetry, four configurations of this type of nanosheet are obtained： trans-manganese dithiolene-diamine Mn3（C6S3N3H3）2, cis- manganese dithiolene-diamine Mn3（C6S6）（C6N6H6）, trans-manganese dihydroxyl-diamine Mn3（C6O3N3H3）2, and cis-manganese dihydroxyl-diamine Mn3（C6O6）（C6N6H6）. The ge- ometric con guration, electronic structure and magnetic properties of these metal-organic nanosheets are systematically explored by density functional theory calculations. The cal- culated results show that Mn3（C6S3N3H3）2, Mn3（C6O3N3H3）2 and Mn3（C6O6）（C6N6H6） monolayers exhibit half-metallicity and display strong ferromagnetism with Curie transition temperatures near and even beyond room temperature, and Mn3（C6S6）（C6N6H6） monolayer is a semiconductor with small energy gap and spin frustration ground state. The mechanisms for the above properties, especially in uences of diflerent groups （atoms） substitution and coordination style on the magnetism of the nanosheet, are also discussed. The predicted two-dimensional metal-organic nanosheets have great promise for the future spintronics ap-plications.

The impact of financial sector development on the economic growth of emerging countries： An empirical study for E-7 countries

Globalization, financial liberalization, financial integration, financial sector, and economic growth have been significant issues for many researchers. The studies have investigated the effects of the above issues to the economic growth of countries both theoretically and empirically. Since there has been conducted an enormous body of work, each of them may be grouped and studied separately. This paper focuses on the impact of financial sector development to economic growth and empirically studies the potential effect on the emerging E-7 countries, consisting of Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, the Russian Federation, and Turkey. The study employs panel regression methodology and the data set for modeling Gross Domestic Product （GDP） comprises annual data over 2001-2007, using basic variables which resemble financial sector development, namely market capitalization of listed companies （stock market capitalization）, bank capital to asset ratio, stocks traded, total debt service, foreign direct investments, portfolio investments, real interest rates, and claims on private sector. The analysis indicates that the GDP may be modeled using the above stated macroeconomic variables with considerably high explanatory power, except for the real interest rates and bank capital to asset ratios.

A Theoretical Model on Solvus Line Prediction of Film and Its Application in Nanogranular Al-Cu System

A theoretical model on the solvus line prediction of a film was proposed and applied to a nanogranular A1-Cu system. The calculation results show that the solvus line of solute Cu will markedly lower with the decrease of grain size, namely, the starting temperature of θ （Al2Cu） precipitation in a nanogranular A1-Cu film will markedly lower than that of conventional coarse grain alloy with the same Cu concentration, and the precipitation temperatures calculated are comparable with the experimental ones. The theoretical model can be simply used to calculate the starting temperature of precipitation in A1-Cu films under three states： ① films with substrate; ②films without substrate; ③ultrafine grain bulk alloy. As a result, the model is universal, moreover, can be, in principle, used to predict precipitation temperature in other systems.

Capital Budgeting： Methods, Aspects, and Issues

This paper furthers the understanding of capital budgeting （CB） processes. It emphasizes the assumed disposition of the forecast cash benefits from projects. The two reasons for CB are discussed. First, which projects are and are not acceptable from a financial prospective？ Second, of financially acceptable projects, CB methods can rank or order projects relative to desirability. Under conditions of certainty, the paper describes and contrasts three primary methods： pay back （PB）, net present value （NPV）, and internal rate of return （IRR） and three secondary methods： profitability index （PI）, terminal value （TV）, and modified internal rate of return （MIRR）. The presentation lists the strengths and weaknesses of each method in order to direct attention to some of the many aspects of CB decisions that firm managers should consider. Next, approaches for taking risk into consideration are discussed. The discussion raises the important issues of what to do with the net cash benefits from various projects when and if they are received. Finally, the paper provides flexible tools and example problems for teaching CB in a variety of contexts, such as professional corporate training or academic coursework.

Structure, Passion and Dynamic Characteristics Study on Sergei Eisenstein＇s Thought of＂Film Structure＂

Sergei Eisenstein was labelled as a theory master of ＂montage＂ for a long time, but also film theory pioneer that seems to be somewhat ＂outdated＂ in the eyes of the modem people. In fact, he was one of the most important figures who created a few of theories and also were good at film creation in the film history of over years. He was not only an outstanding master-level film director, but also film theorist who created rich thoughts to the world. He often discussed the film theories with intercommnnity by taking his own works such as Bronenosets Potyomkin for an example, and simultaneously connected paintings （especially the Oriental painting）, music, literature and others with new arts in the writing of theories, so that the construction of his own film theories was accomplished. The focus of this paper is the later consideration of Sergei Eisenstein on the film works structure. Also, his theoretical system and contemporary significance are rethought by studying a series of thoughts such as ＂works structure＂ , ＂dynamic characteristics＂ , ＂logarithmic spiral＂ , ＂golden section＂ and ＂passionate structure＂ .