The objective of a bridge design is to produce a safe bridge that is elegant and satisfies all functionality requirements, at a cost that is acceptable to the owner. A successful bridge design must be natural, simple,...The objective of a bridge design is to produce a safe bridge that is elegant and satisfies all functionality requirements, at a cost that is acceptable to the owner. A successful bridge design must be natural, simple, original, and harmonious with its surroundings. Aesthetics is not an additional consideration in the design of a bridge, but is rather an integral part of bridge design. Both the structural configuration and the aesthetics of a bridge must be considered together during the conceptual design stage. To achieve such a task, the bridge design engineer must have a good understanding of structural theory and bridge aesthetics.展开更多
Low-impact development （LID） technologies have a great potential to reduce water usage and stormwa- ter runoff and are therefore seen as sustainable improvements that can be made to traditional water infrastructure,...Low-impact development （LID） technologies have a great potential to reduce water usage and stormwa- ter runoff and are therefore seen as sustainable improvements that can be made to traditional water infrastructure, These technologies include bioretention areas, rainwater capturing, and xeriscaping, all of which can be used in residential zones, Within the City of Atlanta, residential water usage accounts for 53% of the total water consumption; therefore, residential zones offer significant impact potential for the implementation of LID, This study analyzes the use of LID strategies within the different residen- tial zones of the City of Atlanta from an ecological perspective by drawing analogies to natural ecosys- tems, The analysis shows that these technologies, especially with the addition of a graywater system, work to improve the conventional residential water network based upon these ecological metrics, The higher metric values suggest greater parity with healthy, natural ecosystems.展开更多
Topology optimization is a powerful design approach that is used to determine the optimal topology in order to obtain the desired functional performance. It has been widely used to improve structural performance in en...Topology optimization is a powerful design approach that is used to determine the optimal topology in order to obtain the desired functional performance. It has been widely used to improve structural performance in engineering fields such as in the aerospace and automobile industries. However, some gaps still exist between topology optimization and engineering application, which significantly hinder the applica- tion of topology optimization. One of these gaps is how to interpret topology results, especially those obtained using the density framework, into parametric computer-aided design （CAD） models that are ready for subsequent shape optimization and manufacturing. In this paper, a new method for interpreting topology optimization results into stereolithography （STL） models and parametric CAD models is pro- posed. First, we extract the skeleton of the topology optimization result in order to ensure shape preser- vation and use a filtering method to ensure characteristics preservation. After this process, the distribution of the nodes in the boundary of the topology optimization result is denser, which will benefit the subsequent curve fitting. Using the curvature and the derivative of curvature of the uniform B-spline curve, an adaptive B-spline fitting method is proposed in order to obtain a parametric CAD model with the fewest control points meeting the requirement of the fitting error. A case study is presented to pro- vide a detailed description of the proposed method, and two more examples are shown to demonstrate the validity and versatility of the proposed method.展开更多
Urban design research in the last decade was reported by conducting a bibliometric analysis of the literature published worldwide between 2007 and 2017. The exploratory study aimed to show the origins and frontiers fo...Urban design research in the last decade was reported by conducting a bibliometric analysis of the literature published worldwide between 2007 and 2017. The exploratory study aimed to show the origins and frontiers for researchers. The document co-occurrence analysis of keywords and co-citation analysis of references were made in CiteS pace III to explore research basements and research trajectories, emerging trends and new development, together with Bibexcel tools. Physical activities and thermal comfort are two main topics of urban design research that are indirectly connected in some way, and sociological and computer-based research is likely to be strengthened.展开更多
This paper proposes a new access architecture onmobile cloud,which introduces a middle layer sitting between mobile devices and their cloud infrastructure.This middle layer is composed of cloudlets which are deployed ...This paper proposes a new access architecture onmobile cloud,which introduces a middle layer sitting between mobile devices and their cloud infrastructure.This middle layer is composed of cloudlets which are deployed by cloud services providers,such as wireless network access points(APs),to improve the performance of mobile cloud servicesand be different from traditional mobile operator mode.Then based on this new architecture.we improve our previous(Attribute-basedencryption) ABE access control scheme on cloud for mobile cloud,which is proposed to offload the main amount of computations to the cloudlet as the function of cloud.Simulationresults demonstratethe new access control scheme takes into consideration response time constraints and network statusof access task execution,while satisfying certain network security for mobile cloud.展开更多
The paper summarizes some experience on designing stage equipment from six aspects:The stage technology experts should participate in determining the designing scheme;the stage designer should improve the professional...The paper summarizes some experience on designing stage equipment from six aspects:The stage technology experts should participate in determining the designing scheme;the stage designer should improve the professional abilities;the designing is indispensable in the whole cultural facilities construction;representatives should apply modern methods for diminishing the previous investment;representatives should closely cooperate with stage supervisor and provide stage equipment for different market demands.展开更多
文摘The objective of a bridge design is to produce a safe bridge that is elegant and satisfies all functionality requirements, at a cost that is acceptable to the owner. A successful bridge design must be natural, simple, original, and harmonious with its surroundings. Aesthetics is not an additional consideration in the design of a bridge, but is rather an integral part of bridge design. Both the structural configuration and the aesthetics of a bridge must be considered together during the conceptual design stage. To achieve such a task, the bridge design engineer must have a good understanding of structural theory and bridge aesthetics.
基金This work was supported by a grant for ＂Resilient Interdependent Infrastructure Processes and Systems （RIPS） Type 2： Participatory Modeling of Complex Urban Infrastructure Systems （Model Urban SysTems）＂ （#0836046） from the National Science Foundation, Division of Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovations （EFRI）. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The authors acknowledge the work of Jeong et al. for the use of data and support in this analysis.
文摘Low-impact development （LID） technologies have a great potential to reduce water usage and stormwa- ter runoff and are therefore seen as sustainable improvements that can be made to traditional water infrastructure, These technologies include bioretention areas, rainwater capturing, and xeriscaping, all of which can be used in residential zones, Within the City of Atlanta, residential water usage accounts for 53% of the total water consumption; therefore, residential zones offer significant impact potential for the implementation of LID, This study analyzes the use of LID strategies within the different residen- tial zones of the City of Atlanta from an ecological perspective by drawing analogies to natural ecosys- tems, The analysis shows that these technologies, especially with the addition of a graywater system, work to improve the conventional residential water network based upon these ecological metrics, The higher metric values suggest greater parity with healthy, natural ecosystems.
文摘Topology optimization is a powerful design approach that is used to determine the optimal topology in order to obtain the desired functional performance. It has been widely used to improve structural performance in engineering fields such as in the aerospace and automobile industries. However, some gaps still exist between topology optimization and engineering application, which significantly hinder the applica- tion of topology optimization. One of these gaps is how to interpret topology results, especially those obtained using the density framework, into parametric computer-aided design （CAD） models that are ready for subsequent shape optimization and manufacturing. In this paper, a new method for interpreting topology optimization results into stereolithography （STL） models and parametric CAD models is pro- posed. First, we extract the skeleton of the topology optimization result in order to ensure shape preser- vation and use a filtering method to ensure characteristics preservation. After this process, the distribution of the nodes in the boundary of the topology optimization result is denser, which will benefit the subsequent curve fitting. Using the curvature and the derivative of curvature of the uniform B-spline curve, an adaptive B-spline fitting method is proposed in order to obtain a parametric CAD model with the fewest control points meeting the requirement of the fitting error. A case study is presented to pro- vide a detailed description of the proposed method, and two more examples are shown to demonstrate the validity and versatility of the proposed method.
文摘Urban design research in the last decade was reported by conducting a bibliometric analysis of the literature published worldwide between 2007 and 2017. The exploratory study aimed to show the origins and frontiers for researchers. The document co-occurrence analysis of keywords and co-citation analysis of references were made in CiteS pace III to explore research basements and research trajectories, emerging trends and new development, together with Bibexcel tools. Physical activities and thermal comfort are two main topics of urban design research that are indirectly connected in some way, and sociological and computer-based research is likely to be strengthened.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U 1405254, 61472092)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2015M581101)National Science and Technology SupportingFoundation of China(No.2014BAH41B00)
文摘This paper proposes a new access architecture onmobile cloud,which introduces a middle layer sitting between mobile devices and their cloud infrastructure.This middle layer is composed of cloudlets which are deployed by cloud services providers,such as wireless network access points(APs),to improve the performance of mobile cloud servicesand be different from traditional mobile operator mode.Then based on this new architecture.we improve our previous(Attribute-basedencryption) ABE access control scheme on cloud for mobile cloud,which is proposed to offload the main amount of computations to the cloudlet as the function of cloud.Simulationresults demonstratethe new access control scheme takes into consideration response time constraints and network statusof access task execution,while satisfying certain network security for mobile cloud.
文摘The paper summarizes some experience on designing stage equipment from six aspects:The stage technology experts should participate in determining the designing scheme;the stage designer should improve the professional abilities;the designing is indispensable in the whole cultural facilities construction;representatives should apply modern methods for diminishing the previous investment;representatives should closely cooperate with stage supervisor and provide stage equipment for different market demands.
